Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

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Fruit Trees and Bushes as a Biodiversity Element in the “Górażdże” Quarry Reclaimed Areas

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Łuczak K. , Kusza G. , Słonina D. , Borecka K.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2019

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tom Vol. 20, nr 3

24--29

EN

The assumption of biological land reclamation in the forest direction is to introduce trees and shrubs on the reclaimed area so as to bring it as close as possible to the natural state based on the species characteristic for forest communities. While assessing the concept of biodiversity resulting from the naturalistic approach to the forest as a timeless good, it is necessary to take into account the diversity of plantings used and their multifunctionality. One of the functions is to designate crops for utility purposes, by creating a natural undergrowth, birdhouses, forest fringe plantings and enclaves of edible fruit plants. As part of the research, implementing the biodiversity of midforest plantings in the post-mining areas of the “Górażdże” Limestone Mine (Opolskie Voivodeship), the focus was put on the natural renewal of the tree stand with the admixture of fruiting plants. The application of fruit tree and shrub plantings on relatively small areas allowed the creation of areas of high biodiversity on the recultivated monoculture grounds. The results of the research revealed a relatively high efficiency of the planted trees and shrubs regardless of the existing habitat conditions. The following species had the best health status throughout the vegetation period: apple-tree, common pear, briar-rose, blackthorn and singleseed hawthorn. The use of fruit tree and shrub plantings will contribute, on the one hand, to reducing the costs of reclamation, which is a measurable effect for the mine manager, and strengthening the ecological potential of the new biotope created under the conditions of strong anthropogenic pressure on the other.

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Wpływ rolnictwa na środowisko w opinii właścicieli wybranych gospodarstw rolnych położonych na terenie powiatu raciborskiego

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Łuczak K. , Kusza G. , Błaszczok M.

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2024

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tom T. 28, nr 1

125--136

PL

Celem niniejszej pracy było poznanie opinii i poglądów rolników na wybrane tematy związane z ochroną środowiska w rolnictwie. Badania przeprowadzono w 2024 r. metodą wywiadu kierowanego, a głównym narzędziem badawczym była ankieta. Badaniami objęto rolników trzech gmin powiatu raciborskiego: Kuźnia Raciborska, Krzyżanowice i Nędza. Respondenci nie wykazują pełnej świadomości zagrożeń występujących w lokalnym środowisku. Badania wskazują, że rolnicy w ostatnich latach zwiększyli ilość stosowanych środków ochrony roślin w tym pestycydów, fungicydów oraz herbicydów. Tendencja ta ma związek z uodpornieniem się chwastów na substancje czynne zwarte w tych środkach.

EN

The objective of this study was to understand the opinions and views of farmers on selected topics related to environmental protection in agriculture. The research was conducted in 2024 using structured interviews, with the main research tool being a survey. The study involved farmers from three municipalities in the Racibórz district: Kuźnia Raciborska, Krzyżanowice, and Nędza. Respondents do not show full awareness of the environmental threats present in the local area. The findings indicate that in recent years, farmers have increased the amount of plant protection products used, including pesticides, fungicides, and herbicides. This trend is associated with the resistance of weeds to the active substances contained in these products

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The use of mineral materials for salinity control in roadside soils

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Łuczak K. , Pisarek I. , Kusza G.

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2020

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tom Vol. 46, no. 2

83--90

EN

This paper presents the results of a fi eld study on using mineral materials (fine-grained sand and medium- -grained gravel) to reduce the concentration of readily soluble salts in a roadside environment. The investigated soils were Rendzic Sceletic Leptosols from an urban area characterized by a shallow humus horizon with a high content of skeletal parts, as well as a lack of homogeneity of the material in the soil profile. All soil samples were taken from five plots located along the main streets in the city of Opole (Southern Poland). It was revealed that the use of fine-grained sand and medium-grained gravel improved the structure of the surface soil layer, and thus favoured the migration of Na+ and Cl- ions into the soil profile. In comparison to control surfaces readily soluble salts were reduced with gravel and sand application. Furthermore, the mineral materials introduced on the soil surface for salinity neutralization did not affect the quality of the tested roadside calcareous soils. The results indicate that the use of mineral materials reduces soil salinity caused by NaCl. They also show the need to find new methods of salt neutralization, especially of roadside soils in order to improve and protect the quality of the environment.