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The incidence of acute viral respiratory diseases (confirmed by immunofluorescence test) was compared in a group of 159 infants aged 0-9 months breast-fed at least once daily and in u group of 608 infants of similar age and hospitalization duration receiving only artificial food. The incidence was significantly lower in breast-fed infants (p=0.00057), especially in the first trimester of life (p=0.00039). This was valid of all RSV infections (p=0.01854) and parainfluenza type 4 virus infections (p=0,0846). The antibody level against parainfluenza type 1 and 3 (HI) and against RSV in IgA class (ELISA) was compared with that in mother's milk and serum. No significant correlation was found for parainfluenza type 1 antibodies (r=0.159) and 3 (r=0.025), while for RSV the correlation was positive and statistically significant though rather low (r=0.234). No significant correlation was found between milk antobody levels and the incidence of acute viral respiratory infections. Breast-feeding showed a significant influence on the lower incidence of these infections, particularly in the first trimester of life. It seems that this was associated with a non-specific mechanism rather than with the milk levels of specific antibodies.
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