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tom Vol. 16
46-51
EN
Results of pollen analysis and records of fossil plankton organisms indicate human activity in catchment areas of lakes. These records of human impact depend on the form of anthropogenic activity, scale of settlement processes and location of the zones of activity. Comparison of the two records, which illustrate transformations of terrestrial and limnic habitats, may indicate the zones of human activity. Some examples of correlation of palynological human impact indicators and Pediastrum from lakes in Wielkopolska have been discussed.
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tom Vol. 16
52-55
EN
The paper presents the Early Medieval history of the Giecz settlement complex and characteristic of its landscape. The stronghold in Giecz is the oldest among the so-called central strongholds of the Piast monarchy, dated to around 865 AD, i.e. to the tribal period. The settlement was located in the vicinity of Góra Górzno - probably a sacred mount. The remains of stone architecture – palatium were dated to the first half of the 11th century. The studies on vegetation history, based on the sediments from fossil lake, provided a Holocene record of environmental changes and development of cultural landscape
EN
The paper presents development of cultural landscape in Central Great Poland, in the Ostrów Lednicki settlement complex during the Early Medieval times in the light of vegetation history and faunal records. The destruction of hornbeam forests The differences in vegetation cover between areas of moraine upland and outwash plains was demonstrated. Archaeozoological studies showed the dominant role of pig and cattle in the Early Medieval animal economy. Relatively high representation of hare remains among wild animals, corresponds with palaeobotanical data and confirms the dominance of open, cultural landscape
EN
The stronghold complex in Gniezno located on the Lech's Hill belonged to the main centers of the early Polish State described for the first time in historical documents as Civitas Schinesghe - the Gniezno State. Recent archaeological studies indicate that the site on Lech's Hill was originally a tribal cult center. Palaeoecological studies provided records of environmental changes and cultural landscape development in the prehistoric periods and early historical times. Reconstructed changes of floristic diversity correlate well with the cultural processes.
EN
Environmental conditions, animal and plant economy of the Early Medieval stronghold complex at Ostrów Tumski - and island on Warta river - have been discussed. The stronghold complex with the nearby open settlements, its role as a center of administration, church, and trade center have been considered as the early urban type of settlement. It finally developed into main economic and cultural center of western Poland - Poznań city.
EN
Poznań, a city in central-western Poland, is located in the lowland region but has no less attractive geomorphological and human history. It was here that Poland was born at the end of the tenth century. The city’s location is connected with the meridian course of the Warta River valley. In contrast, in the northern part of the city, there is a vast area of the frontal moraines of the Poznań Phase of the Weichselian Glaciation. Against the backdrop of the geomorphological development of the city, the article presents the existing geosites, classified as urban geosites. The present geosites include three lapidaries with Scandinavian postglacial erratics, one of them also with stoneware, a fragment of a frontal push moraine and impact craters. Besides, three locations of proposed geosites with rich geomorphological and/or human history were identified. These are as follows: the peat bog located in the northern part of the city, defence ramparts as exhumed anthropogenic forms, and the Warta River valley. The existing and proposed geosites in Poznań were evaluated in three ways. In general, it should be assumed that the proposed new geosites are higher ranked than the current ones.
10
Content available Pollen morphology of some European Sorbus species
51%
EN
This paper presents morphology of pollen grains of four European Sorbus species: S. arranensis Hedl., S. aucuparia L., S. hybrida L., S. mougeotti Soy.-Will. & Godr. The importance of exine sculpture details in taxonomy is underlined.
PL
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badan nad morfologia ziarn pyłku czterech europejskich gatunków rodzaju Sorbus (S. arranensis Hedl., S. aucuparia L., S. hybrida L., S. mougeotti Soy.- Will. & Godr.) oparte na obserwacjach pod mikroskopem skaningowym (HR-SEM). Scharakteryzowano zewnętrzną budowę ziarn pyłku badanych taksonów oraz zmierzono ich wielkość. Ziarna S. aucuparia były najmniejsze i zostały zaklasyfikowane jako małe, podczas gdy ziarna pozostałych gatunków były zbliżonej wielkości i zostały zakwalifikowane jako średnie. Pod względem kształtu ziarna S. arranensis określono jako wydłużone, ziarna pozostałych gatunków były najczęściej kulisto-wydłużone. Różnice pomiędzy ziarnami pyłku badanych gatunków uwidoczniły się przede wszystkim w urzeźbieniu powierzchni eksyny. Najwyraźniej wyróżniały się ziarna S. arranensis o skulpturze w typie rugulate (krótkie i grube prążki). Powierzchnia eksyny u pozostałych gatunków była prążkowana (typu striate). U S. hybrida i S. mougeotti prążki były bardzo długie, ale wyraźnie cieńsze u drugiego gatunku. Ziarna S. aucuparia miały prążki krótsze i bardziej zagęszczone, z dobrze widocznymi perforacjami pomiędzy vallae.
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