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1 Eirene. Studia Graeca et Latina

1 2018

1 Sandin P.

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Δυσφημία. Greek Speech Transgression

100%

Sandin P.

2018

tom 54

nr 1-2

97-127

Recorded instances of δυσφημία and βλασφημία, Greek speech transgression with detrimental spiritual impact, are subjected to an analysis by categories. Six concrete types are identified: (1) perceived dogmatic error (rare outside philosophical literature); (2) talk of death; (3) mention of undesirable entities; (4) mention of undesirable outcomes; (5) mention of undesirable human actions, attitudes and traits; (6) generally unpleasant speech, for instance lament, complaint and bad news. These categories partly overlap and may be sorted into three genera: (a) = category 1, false dogmatic assertion; (b) ill omen, that is, the invocation of anything that is undesirable; (c) negative speech that is hateful to the gods on aesthetic grounds, for instance lament and mention of death. The first two genera reflect relatively universal religious attitudes, but with regard to its importance and scope, the last one appears to be culturally specific. It is related to the concept of miasma, spiritual pollution.