Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Evaluation method of revitalization works impact on the level of life in settlement units

100%

Walacik M. , Podciborski T.

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nr 3

EN

The rural space is constantly undergoing change, created predominately by factors of anthropogenic character. The basic tool for improving the living conditions of the population living in rural areas, since 2015, is revitalization, defined by the provisions of the Act on revitalization from 9th October 2015. The main purpose of this paper is to present an innovative evaluation method of revitalization works impact on the level of life in settlement units, with particular regard to social, environmental, spatial-functional and technical conditions.

2

Analiza porównawcza wybranych zagadnień wywłaszczania nieruchomości w Polsce i za granicą

100%

Źróbek S. , Walacik M.

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tom R. 80, nr 12

4-9

PL

Realizacja nowych inwestycji w nieruchomości wymaga pozyskania przestrzeni na ich lokalizację. W przypadku inwestorów prywatnych, pozyskiwanie praw do dysponowania nieruchomością na cele budowlane odbywać się może jedynie w formie umów cywilnoprawnych. Inwestorzy sektora publicznego (Skarbu Państwa oraz jednostek samorządu terytorialnego), gdy rodzaj realizowanych przezeń inwestycji nosi znamiona inwestycji celu publicznego, prawo do dysponowania nieruchomością mogą pozyskać ponadto w drodze wywłaszczenia. W większości krajów podstawowe zasady wywłaszczeń zawarte są w konstytucjach bądź innych aktach prawnych o charakterze zasadniczym dla ustroju polityczno-gospodarczego, natomiast procedury wywłaszczania nieruchomości i związane z nim odszkodowania uregulowane są przepisami prawa w randze ustaw i rozporządzeń. Najczęstszą podstawą ustalenia wysokości odszkodowania jest wartość rynkowa, a w sytuacjach szczególnych - wartość odtworzeniowa nieruchomości, określana przez uprawnione osoby - zwykle rzeczoznawców majątkowych. Najczęściej stosowanym sposobem wyceny nieruchomości jest podejście porównawcze i metoda porównywania parami. W wycenie uwzględnia się najczęściej taki sposób użytkowania nieruchomości, w jakim znajduje się nieruchomość (przed wywłaszczeniem). W większości krajów wysokość odszkodowania uwzględnia również utracone korzyści. W niektórych krajach rekompensowane są także inne uzasadnione koszty pozostające w bezpośrednim związku z wywłaszczeniem.

EN

Realization of investments on real estate require space for their localization. Private investors can only acquire property rights enabling then to use the property for building purposes by civil contract. Public investors, while dealing with public purpose investment, can also gain these rights by expropriation. In most countries, the basic expropriation rules are regulated in constitutions or other fundamental acts typical for socio-economic system, while the rules concerning procedures and determining the amount of compensation can be found in statutes and ordinance. The most often base of compensation is the market value (in special situations cost value) estimated by qualified property valuers. The most common way of estimating the value is pair sales comparison method one of the methods of sales comparison approach. While estimating value of a property the way it is used before the investment (before the expropriation) is usually taken into consideration. In most countries the compensation includes lost profits too. In some countries other costs directly connected with the expropriation are also compensated.

3

Fatty acid composition as a parameter of using vegetable oils for biofuel production

80%

Ambrosewicz-Walacik M. , Tańska M. , Walacik M.

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2017

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tom R. 56, nr 2

38--42

EN

The aim of the study was to show the validity of determining the quality of oils intendent for the biofuels production. One of the main discriminant that should be used to assess the suitability of oil raw materials for the fuel purposes is the composition of fatty acids. The research was conducted on 13 different samples of vegetable oils, that were cold-pressed from the seeds of various species, including rape, camelina, flax (light and dark), mustard, milk thistle, hemp, evening primrose oil, amaranth, sunflower, soybean, and cumin. The analysis of the fatty acid composition showed significant differences between the analysed oil samples, both within the species and varieties of oilseeds. The results indicate the need for continuous quality control of oils and fats led to the production of biodiesel in the small households and large commercial enterprises, because as it was indicated by the analysis of fatty acids composition rape seeds of different varieties are characterized by the diverse quality.

4

The effect of the ultrasounds treatment on frying oils intended for biodiesel production

70%

Ambrosewicz-Walacik M. , Szostak P. , Nitkiewicz S. , Tańska M. , Walacik M.

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tom Vol. 23, No. 3

19--24

EN

The aim of the study was to determine the ultrasounds treatment of frying oil on their properties important in order to biodiesel production. The research material was a frying oil, which prior to transesterification oil was treated with ultrasounds (37 kHz) during 15, 30 and 60 min. In next step, prepared samples were analysed in terms of fatty acid composition, acid value, FFA % and then subjected to alkali transesterification process. After producing methyl esters the yield of biodiesel was analysed with thin liquid chromatography technique (TLC), and then samples were characterized in terms of viscosity in 40 °C, density at 15 °C, acid value, sulphur content and flash point. The results showed that an ultrasonic treatment had a little impact on the fatty acid composition of the test samples. The yield of biodiesel was the higher the longer time of ultrasounds treatment were used. One the other hand, determined with thin liquid chromatography technique yield of biodiesel was the higher the longer time of ultrasounds treatment were used. What is more, the ultrasounds treatment of oil before transesterification process had no impact on viscosity, density and acid value of these samples, while flash point values and sulphur content were changed.