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„Heimat is Heimat“: “Homeland” As a Theme in the Memory of German Inhabitants who Have Remained in the Czech Lands

100%

Nosková J.

Národopisná revue (Journal of Ethnology)

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2018

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tom 28

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nr 3

184 - 197

EN

The Czech lands‘ borderland underwent an essential social and cultural transformation between 1945–1946, which was determined by expatriation of most inhabitants of the German origin, as well as by new arrivals, formation of the “Iron Curtain”, and socialization of agriculture. In the public discourse, an image about uprooted borderland was created after 1989. The study deals with how the homeland is thematised by inhabitants of the German origin and their descendants, who were allowed to stay in the Czech lands‘ borderland after 1945/1946 but whose all lived world significantly changed after 1945. The empiric materials includes interviews with eight persons, made using the method of oral history. The author divides the narration about homeland into three groups (according to the time, space, and social and cultural sphere), and as an independent category she sorts out the narrations in which the relation to homeland is compared between those who have remained, and those who had to leave. The author also asks whether it is possible to use the narration about homeland, the “Heimat” concept, for an analysis, which she confirms. The analysis of the material shows that the “homeland” is mostly thematised in connection with its social and cultural components, and that it is most suitable to use the term “displacement” to interpret the narratives.

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Media Representation of Post-War Forced Migration of Germans from Czech Lands in Journals of this Group, on Example of Magazines Aussiger Bote and Brünner Heimatbote

63%

Kreisslová S. , Nosková J.

Národopisná revue (Journal of Ethnology)

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2021

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tom 31

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nr 1

19 - 41

EN

The study deals with the post-war forced migration of German-speaking inhabitants from Czechoslovakia, and its reception in magazines which the forcibly-displaced Germans began to issue in “West Germany” (Federal Republic of Germany) in the late 1940s. The authors analyse two patriotic magazines (Heimatzeitschrift) from the beginning of their publishing until the end of the twentieth century. The patriotic magazines are understood as media of collective memory of the social group of those forcibly displaced. Based on the study of empiric material, the representations of the forced displacement can be analytically divided into three groups. The “expulsion” is represented as: 1) loss of home; 2) new start, and 3) historical grievance. The authors show that the forced displacement in connection with the loss of the (old) home country is a basic theme for the above-mentioned magazines. In the magazines, the representations thereof are closely associated with the memory politics of patriotic organizations with their exactly defined interpretation of history, claiming the right for the motherland, and enforcement of the victimization discourse.

3

TRANSGENERATIONAL TRAUMA AND FAMILY MEMORY? THE LEGACY OF SUDETEN GERMAN EXPULSION AFTER WORLD WAR II

63%

Kreisslová S. , Nosková J.

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nr 3

344 – 361

EN

The forced displacement of the Sudeten Germans represents a crucial moment in the history of the Czechoslovakia after World War II. It was the largest migration wave in the history of the Czech lands. The experience of losing one’s home through forced migration gave rise to what is known as the “fate-bound community” of Sudeten Germans. In the aftermath of the war, particularly from the perspective of Western countries, this community forged a shared collective identity and culture of remembrance. While considerable attention has been devoted to the communicative and cultural memory of the so-called “generation of experience”, less focus has been placed on subsequent generations and the transgenerational transmission of traumatic experiences. In this study, we delve into the concept of “post-memory” and explore how families and generations of grandchildren perceive and process what can be termed “chosen trauma”. The study is based on biographic and semi-structured interviews conducted with 11 participants, all of whom are descendants of displaced Sudeten Germans. The findings suggest that the repercussions of ancestral trauma are transmitted to the grandchildren’s generation primarily via a succession of dominant emotional responses and affects, rather than through comprehensive understanding of the ancestral history.

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“FAMILY SILVER” OR ARTEFACTS (IN) MEMORIES OF FORCIBLY DISPLACED GERMANS

63%

Kreisslová S. , Nosková J.

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tom 67

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nr 2

165 – 184

EN

The study deals with the transmission of family memory in three three-generation families of Germans forcibly displaced from Czechoslovakia, in which the oldest generation, the so-called generation of experience, actually experienced the migration movement after the end of World War II. In the study, the family is seen as a specific social framework in which the past is retrieved. Generations are characterized in a biological sequence, with only the oldest “generation of experience” defined by Karl Mannheim. The research of generational family memory focuses on the actor’s reception through an analysis and interpretation of narrative and oral-history interviews with representatives of generations while exploring the way family memory is mediated. Specifically, the authors inquire into the role the memory media play in their materialised form, i.e. artefacts that act as an impulse and source of remembrance narrative, in the process of generational transmission of memories in families. The focus here is on remembrance narratives related to the forced displacement, which thematise material artefacts, with the focus being not only on what artefacts there are in connection with the recollection of this historical process and what stories are related to them, but also the effort to uncover the meaning and the function of these artefacts during family remembrance.