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Characteristics of technical-tactical preparation of Russian men’s judo representation during the Olympic Games in London in 2012

100%

Adam M. , Wolska B. , Klimowicz P. , Smaruj M.

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

2013

tom 5

nr 4

249-260

Background The aim of the study was to determine the value of indices of tactical and technical preparation (PTT) of Russian judo athletes during the Olympic Games in London. The values of these indices may designate the direction of activity in the process of special preparation and in the search for factors to optimize training before the main competitions. Material/Methods: During the Olympic Games in London in 2012, Russian judo representatives fought 31 fights. A multiple analysis of video footage and graphic registration allowed marking 423 technical attacks (including 24 efficient attacks) of the representatives of Russia and 384 attacks (including 5 efficient attacks) performed by their opponents in these competitions. On the basis of the classification of judo techniques developed by Kodokan Judo, an assessment of the effectiveness of particular groups of techniques has been made. The most commonly used technique and the dominant techniques used by the observed athletes have been distinguished. Indices of tactical and technical preparation have enabled the identification of characteristic features of preparation of the representatives of Russia and of their opponents during the Olympic Games in London in 2012. Results: Russian athletes were characterized by high efficiency of techniques from the grappling group. The dominant techniques were: varieties of the broken scarf hold (kesa gatame kuzure), back-lying perpendicular armbar (ude hishigi juji gatame), sweeping hip throw (harai goshi) and the sacrifice throw "valley drop" (tani otoshi). Athletes were characterized by stable efficiency of techniques from all the groups of throws and with 100% efficiency of defence in ground fighting. Russian competitors were far superior to their opponents in the efficiency of the ways and directions of performing throws (Ea - WP, NP, F, B). They retained a positive index of activity (A = +1.162). The advantage of values of the determined indices of tactical and technical preparation among representatives of Russia over their opponents in the Olympic Games in London was commensurate with the obtained results. Conclusions: The efficiency of Russian athletes during the OG in London was confirmed by the values of the indices by which tactical and technical preparation was evaluated. The analysis of indices allowed characterizing features specific to Russian representatives.

Ways of performing judo throws, and their efficiency, assessed in the open weight category in All-Japan Judo Championships

75%

Adam M. , Tomita H. , Szymański M. , Klimowicz P. , Tyszkowski S. , Wolska B.

Ido Movement for Culture. Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology

2015

tom 15

nr 1

39-45

Background. Kano Jigoro, one of the founders of judo, developed an official classification of judo techniques which is currently being modernized by the Japanese Kodokan Judo Institute. There is no indication that earlier individual attempts in this area have been carried out in Japan. Judo masters including Kano, Koizumi, Kudo, Mifune, Tomiki and others have tried to introduce additional criteria to the classification. The need for so many modifications is a result of the many sport and referee rule changes, as well as to ensure the safety of competitors and to increase the attractiveness of judo contests. Purpose of the work. The purpose of this work was to determine the ways of performing the judo throws and their efficiency during All-Japan Judo Championships at open weight category. Material/methods. 278 open category judo players were recorded during the All-Japan Judo Championships (2003- 2012). The competitors successfully executed 252 attacks using 34 judo throws classified by the Kodokan Judo. Effective attacks divided by: uchi - reaping legs from inside, soto - hooking/ reaping opponents’ legs from outside, otoshi – throws performed by dropping body, gaeshi – throws performed as counterattacks, tsurikomi – throws performed by pull-lifting with hands, harai – throws performed by sweeping with legs or hips and makikomi – throws performed by winding the opponent’s body, were distinguished. The sequence of dominant techniques was presented by the “K” index, and the directions and ways of performing the throws were determined by the efficiency attack index. Results. The most effective Japanese competitors performed three throws by UCHI: uchimata, ouchi gari, kouchi gari, and three throws by SOTO: osoto gari, kosoto gake, kosoto gari. The following throwing techniques, during the Championships, were dominant: uchimata, ouchi gari and osoto gari which ended the contests by ippon (before contest time had elapsed); they were most often executed successfully, and the competitors gained most referee’s points. The observed competitors demonstrated even effectiveness in executing throws, forward – breaking balance onto tip-toes, and backward – breaking balance onto heels. Comparatively effectively, they performed throws into the four analyzed directions. Conclusions. The Japanese competitors performed the most effective attacks by using leg throws which call for the reaping actions of legs either from inside or outside UCHI and SOTO. Fewer techniques, executed perfectly resulted in gaining more referee’s points. Using these techniques put the competitors in a better position to carry out attacks and changing their direction.

Dominacja zawodników japońskich podczas zawodów międzynarodowych, zmusiła nas do analizy skuteczności ich technik judo, które oni stosowali podczas mistrzostw Japonii. Ocena skuteczności technik judo, dokonywana w oparciu o klasyfikację Kodokan Judo, pozwalała wyodrębnić pewne cechy charakterystyczne dla zawodników japońskich oraz określić wysoką skuteczność rzutów nożnych – ashi waza. Przeprowadzony w pracy podział rzutów dokonany w oparciu o sposoby wykonywania ataku, pozwala na stwierdzenie że spośród sześćdziesięciu siedmiu rzutów, z pięciu grup klasyfikacyjnych, (wymienionych przez Kodokan Judo) tylko pięć technik nożnych: uchimata, ouchi gari, osoto gari, kouchi gari i kouchi gake zadecydowało o zdobyciu czterdziestu ośmiu procent wszystkich punktów sędziowskich przyznawanych za skutecznie wykonywane ataki. Podczas wykonywania tych technik zawodnicy stosowali podcięcia, podbicia lub zahaczania nóg przeciwników od strony wewnętrznej lub na zewnątrz. Jednocześnie wykonywane rzuty dawały możliwość przeprowadzania ataków we wszystkich analizowanych kierunkach.