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1

An inactivated vaccine against Microsporum canis infection in kittens

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Wawrzkiewicz K. , Sadzikowski Z. , Ziolkowska G. , Wawrzkiewicz J.

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tom 36

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nr 1-4

2

Monowalentna i skojarzona szczepionka inaktywowana w profilaktyce trychofitozy lisów hodowlanych

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Wawrzkiewicz J. , Wawrzkiewicz K. , Sadzikowski Z.

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nr 07

EN

The purpose of the work was to elaborate an inactivated vaccine against trichophytosis (ringworm) of breeding foxes and assess its protective value under experimental conditions. The studies were carried out on three groups of foxes which were immunized at the age of 1, 3 and 6 months. There were used two vaccines i.e. a monovalent vaccine prepared of the Trichophyton verrucosum strain No 43 and a combined one containing the strains of T. verrucosum No 43 and T. mentagrophytes var. granulosum No 58. The animals were vaccinated twice intramuscularly at intervals of 10—14 days using from 1 to 2 ml of the preparations depending upon the age of animals. The protective value of the vaccines was assayed by means of challenge employing the suspension of virulent strains of T. verrucosum and T. mentagrophytes. It was found that: 1) Foxes from 1 to 6 months old were sensitive to artificial infection with virulent strains of T. mentagrophytes and T. verrucosum; 2) After infection the signs of clinical trichophytosis appeared at the site of infection at day 10 and disappeared after 4—6 weeks depending upon the age of animals and intensiveness of changes; 3) The combined vaccine and also a monovalent vaccins (prepared from the T. verrucosum strain) elicited a high degree of protection against virulent strains of T. mentagrophytes and T. verrucosum; 4) The inactivated vaccines could be applied at the end of the 4th week of young foxes which acquired in this way a high degree of protection in the period of their highest sensitivity to ringworm.

3

Test ELISA w ocenie odpowiedzi humoralnej na antygeny Microsporum canis u zwierzat

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Ziolkowska G. , Wawrzkiewicz K. , Sadzikowski Z.

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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1999

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tom 55

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nr 05

306-311

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Doswiadczalna infekcja Mocrosporum canis u lisow hodowlanych: leczenie i swoista immunoprofilaktyka

100%

Wawrzkiewicz K. , Wawrzkiewicz J. , Sadzikowski Z.

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nr 12

543-547

EN

Investigations were carried out on 32 foxes aged approximately 2 months. The comparative studies on an experimental infection with Microsporum canis and Trichophyton spp revealed that in foxes infected with M. canis distinctive signs of the disease occurred at about 3 weeks after inoculation of the fungus. In silver foxes they were better expressed and lasted for 2—3 months and cleared after 3—4 months from infection. In polar foxes ringworm was of a lesser course: Clinical signs cleared within 2 months. In foxes infected with Trichophyton mentagrophytes var. granulosum the first clinical signs appeared as early as after 7 days, progressed to their maxima after 2—3 weeks and cleared at approximately 6 weeks. The administration of a vaccine Bovitrichovac II (inactivated T. verrucosum strain) proved to be ineffective in case of M. canis infection; in contrast it was effective in the treatment of foxes infected with T. mentagrophytes var. granulosum. Four different vaccines were used for prophylactic purposes: a) Bovitrichovac II, b) an inactivated combined vaccine containing T. verrucosum and T. mentagrophytes strains, c) two variants of inactivated vaccines comprising M. canis strains. Bovitrichovac II and the combined vaccine protected foxes from T. mentagrophytes var. granulosum infection but not from M. canis. In contrast, specific vaccines appeared to be of good immunogenicity as they protected the animals from infection with M. canis. The skin test performed on foxes vaccinated for prophylactic purpose with M. canis vaccines (both variants) showed a positive response after the administration of allergen made of a Trichophyton mentagrophytes strain. The results point to the presence of some common antigenic fractions among Microsporum and Trichophyton strains that are active and stimulate allergic reactions. However, they do not seem to play any role in the cross-immunity. The findings indicate that there are some prospects for elaborating specific immunoprophylaxis against M. canis infection of cats and dogs.

5

Inaktywowana szczepionka przeciwko grzybicy skornej kotow wywolywanej przez Microsporum canis

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Wawrzkiewicz K. , Sadzikowski Z. , Ziolkowska G. , Wawrzkiewicz J.

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nr 04

245-250

EN

The purpose of the work was to determine the protective properties of a vaccine, called Felisvac Me, developed according to the authors’ own technology. Examinations were carried out on 33 domestic, shorthaired cats 1-6 months of age. The degree of specific immunity was evaluated by a challenge trial, contact infection (simulation of natural contagion), delayed type of hypersensitivity test and the migration inhibition test of leukocytes. It was found that the vaccine without an adjuvant in a dose of 2 ml did not fully protect one-month old cats from being infected with a virulent strain of M. canis. Cats, which were given a higher dose of the vaccine (3 ml per animal) adsorbed on aluminium hydroxide, turned out to be immune to both methods of infection by challenge trials. The vaccine elicited a delayed type of hypersensitivity that persisted on almost a similar level (0.8--1.1 mm) throughout the observation period, i.e. 5 months. Positive values (25.2-32.4%) of the leukocyte migration inhibition test - the consecutive determinant of cellular type of immunity, were found between 22 and 41 days after vaccination. The above vaccine is characterised by a high protective value; it is also safe for both animals and environment. No side effects have been observed.

6

Immune response of cats experimentally infected with Microsporum canis

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Wawrzkiewicz K. , Ziolkowska G. , Sadzikowski Z. , Stepien M.

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nr 2

EN

The aim of this study was an assessment of the immune response of cats experimentally infected with M. canis and a determination of the extent of immunity acquired after recovery. Studies were carried out on 24 domestic, short-haired cats, aged 3-4 months. The resistance of the animals was assessed by reinfection, and the degree of immune response. It has been found that after recovery from an experimental infection with M. canis, the cats which remained in an infected environment for 18 weeks showed no clinical mycotic changes, whereas control animals underwent natural infection within 6 weeks and their mycosis had a typical course. Furthermore reinfection with high doses of the fungus and skin scarification failed to break down this acquired immunity. Hypersensitivity of the delayed type, encountered in cats within 3 weeks after the experimental infection, persisted for 8 months of studies. In an analogous period of time cats infected naturally demonstrated an evidently weaker response determined by the skin test. Positive results of the migration inhibition test were obtained in the period of 3-6 weeks after infection, which corresponded with the period of the persistence of the clinical mycotic changes.