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Gene expression profiles in maize (Zea mays L.) leaves inoculation with soutern corn rust (Puccinia polysora Underw.)

100%

Wang X. , Liu T. , Li C. , Zhao Z.

nr 3

Southern corn rust (SCR) epiphytotics have resulted in severe losses of maize yield. Whole-genome gene expression profiles of a SCR-resistant maize hybrid leaves after inoculation with Puccinia polysora Underw. were analyzed using an Affymetrix GeneChip. Of the 532 differentially expressed probe sets, 341 were up-regulated and 191 were down-regulated after inoculation with P. polysora Underw. Many biotic stress response-related genes were upregulated, whereas abiotic stress-related genes were downregulated. Among 23 differentially expressed transcription factors (TFs), six WRKY TFs were all up-regulated. A number of genes that were defense-related and reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism-related genes were significantly induced by inoculation with P. polysora Underw. Thus, WRKY TFs could participate in the SCR resistance reaction and the mechanism of maize resistance to P. polysora Underw. could principally involve the temporary induction of defense- and ROS metabolism-related genes.

Low-noise infrared and visible focal plane arrays

75%

Kozlowski L. , Vural K. , Luo J. , Tomasini A. , Liu T. , Kleinhans W. E.

1999

tom Vol. 7, No. 4

259-269

While charge-coupled device ( CCD ) technology is often perceived to provide nearly optimum signal multiplexing and very low imager noise, coupling high performance detectors ( at cutoff wavelengths from 0.6 žmto 17 um ) to CMOS multiplexers provides lower (<10 e-) read noise at high data rates using several pixel amplifier schemes. This superiority is fundamental and has been validated on infrared and visible focal plane arrays. Thus the robust pixel-based signal amplification facilitated by sub-micron CMOS is stimulating low-noise focal plane array (FPA) development for discriminating applications including infrared astronomy, wavefront sensing, spectroscopy, and spaceborne images. Enabled by Moore's Law and concomitant increases in integration density, commercial imagers for consumer video are also providing very low read noise and high sensitivity. Hence we report the ability to usefully detect quanta at non-cryogenic operating temperatures because read noise is at the single-electron level at high video rates. While such advances are typically first demonstrated on infrared sensors, the enhancements migrate to visible devices as soon as the available lithography of the prevailing silicon CMOS technology permits, because visible imager pixels are necessarily much smaller to match the optical blur.

High - grade mutant OmpF induces decreased bacterial survival rate

75%

Zhao Z. , Liu T. , Zhang L. , Luo M. , Nie X. , Li Z. , Pan Y.

nr 2

OmpF plays very important roles in the influx of antibiotics and bacterial survival in the presence of antibiotics. However, high-grade mutant OmpF and its function in decreasing bacterial survival rate have not been reported to date. In the present study, we cloned a high-grade mutant OmpF (mOmpF) and sequence analysis suggested that over 45 percent of the DNA sequence was significantly mutated, leading to dramatic changes in over 55 percent of the amino acid sequence. mOmpF protein was successfully expressed. When grown in the presence of antibiotic, the bacterial survival rate decreased and the antibiotic inhibition zone became larger with the increase of the mOmpF. It was concluded that concentration of high-grade mutant mOmpF dramatically influenced the bacterial survival rate. The study presented here may provide insights into better understanding of the relationships between structure and function of OmpF.

Therapeutic effect of hydrogen injected subcutaneously on onion poisoned dogs

63%

Zhao J. , Zhang M. , Li Y. , Zhang Z. , Chen M. , Liu T. , Zhang J. , Shan A.

nr 4