The paper is an attempt to generalize the results of studies concerned with the "intelligent" fluids. Regularities of variation of mechanical (viscosity, elasticity, plasticity) properties of a class of liquid-disperse suspensions sensitive to an external electric field which are known as electrorheological fluids or "smart" fluids, are analyzed. The designs and operation principles of converters of electric energy to mechanical in power systems, and friction devices and others are described.
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Rheological behavior of electrorheological fluid (ERF) under an electric field is investigated experimentally. Structural strengthening and viscoplastic characteristics are evaluated at different intensities of the electric field and various concentrations of solid phase in ERF under its deformation in the system of disk parali el surfaces. An increase of the first difference of normal stresses is found at the increase of intensity of the electric field applied, and also its change in time. Furthermore the sign of normal stresses is changed depending on the magnitude of the electric field and deformation
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The work presents the result of studying the influence of surfactants and solid particles concentration in electrorheological fluid (ERF) on the electrorheological characteristics and on the change in the wetting angle in spreading of a drop placed on a horizontally oriented substrate-electrode. The rate of drop spreading and adhesion Wa, the variation of which correlates with the change of rheological characteristics in an electric field were also determined.
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