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Porządkowanie awangardy

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tom 2

nr 12

A NEW TYPOLOGY OF THE AVANT-GARDE – AN OUTLINE The article is an attempt at formulating a new typology of the avant-garde in its different modes of functioning. The starting point is the assumption that experimental art at the beginning of the twentieth century was first and foremost the answer to sociocultural changes and the resultant crisis of representation. Four types of attitude are proposed: the socio-affirmative one constitutes an apotheosis of the crisis, which becomes a springboard for the emergence of a new cultural era. Representatives of this stance believe in the possibility of creating entirely new means of expression or conventions and embrace the ideology of progress. The decadent type is a continuation of the Adornian aestheticism; it is characterized by melancholy and the awareness of the impossibility of overcoming the crisis, which often takes on a form of controlled chaos and tragic tomfoolery. The surrealist type tries to create an alternative reality for art, which would liberate it from its cognitive limitations. Finally, the aesthetic-religious type is characterized by the experience of past aesthetics, where the need for beauty is notoriously undermined by the awareness that the means of representation have worn out and the truth is hidden. It is often expressed by yearning after an ineffable sacred, which is not so much lost as eternally ungraspable, hidden and absent.

Spór o nowe widzenie – kilka uwag o obecności Juliusza Słowackiegow twórczości Juliana Przybosia

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Przyboś’s meeting with Słowacki’s works resulted in some very interesting poems and texts of essay character. The first part of the article focuses on the lyrical works inspired by the poem W Szwajcarii: the most important thing are Przyboś’s efforts to “see anew” the images from Słowacki’s poem and transfer them into his own poetic diction. On the example of the poem Tęcza na burzy, the devices intended to extract Słowacki’s “realism”, concentration on the watched landscape and profound consciousness of its motion, are shown. Another interesting issue seems to be the influence of Słowacki’s poetic idiom on Przyboś’s works. It is not limited to the poems directly dedicated to the Romanticist poet, but unquestionably influences the development of imagery of such cycles as the cathedral poems or Pióro z ognia. Słowacki’s mystical works inspire the 20th-century poet to reuse and transform the motif of light, motion, or fading in his texts, as well as to rewrite specific images appearing in Król-Duch and later lyrical works by Słowacki into the language of poetic prose.

Paradoksy awangardowego zaangażowania. Milczenie artysty i rewolucja. Przypadek Aleksandra Wata

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Zagadnienia Rodzajów Literackich

2019

tom 62

nr 2

67-81

At the end of the 1920s Aleksander Wat quits publishing his literary texts and focuses on editorial and journalistic activity thus developing the model of a romantic "rigorist of action" created by Adam Mickiewicz. The purpose of this article is, first of all, to compare the ideological postulates of Mickiewicz and Wat regarding the relationship between language and action, as well as to demonstrate the convergence of their social and political background. Secondly - I will examine the journalistic activity of Wat from the period of “Miesięcznik Literacki” (1929–1930): analyze his critique of Futurism (as too “literary” and only apparently engaged) and a new formula of non-fiction (presented in essays devoted to the social role of reportage).