Performativism is tackled in this sketch as an orientation emphasising an 'action-oriented' dimension of cultural practices, that is, a change in research accents, which is referred to as (yet another) 'turn' in the humanities. It spans across individual research disciplines (linguistics, literary science, ethnology and cultural anthropology, sociology, aesthetics) as well as some relatively autonomous areas of research (feminism, postcolonialism), whilst also interfering with certain well-established theoretical-and-methodological orientations. The authoress focuses on both selected fragments of a performativist research 'map' and 'crossroads' or 'intersections' plotted on it.
This article analyses the directions taken by the development of interdisciplinary and trans-disciplinary knowledge on image. In the American version, the issues of image are 'merged' in a broader context of visual culture, with the related studies focusing on a critical analysis of our contemporary, new-media manifestations of pictoriality/imagery. The German current highlights, in turn, a historical continuity of iconic issues and their anthropological basis, which may be seen as related to Ernst Cassirer's tradition of philosophy of culture and cultural studies carried out in the Warburg Library circle. Given this general context, the issues dwelled upon as part of Visual Studies gain a deeper historical basis whilst also becoming a constituent of trans-disciplinary research.
These so named 'thresholds' and 'borderlines' have been approached as two forms in which experience is structuralised. By making a reference to Victor Turner's findings, 'thresholds' may be related to the 'affective' path of experience and 'borderlines', to the cognitive path. Whereas early modernity, motivated by the project aiming at 'disenchanting' the world, has made borderlines privileged over thresholds, in the second stage of its development, the process of transformation of borderlines into thresholds follows, alongside a clearly distinct revalorisation of 'threshold' experiences. Performative artistic practices of the second half of the twentieth century took an active part in this latter process.
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