The paper is devoted to one of the channels of electronic banking – terminal banking. It presents the efforts of banking sector towards reducing the presence of cash in the financial turnover and lowering the costs of cash transactions thanks to development of high-tech ATM devices. The author points to the dynamics of changes related to the advances in this particular channel of contact, draws attention to the risks accompanying this form of contact and presents alternative forms of communication between a bank and its clients. The paper quotes data obtained from the Polish National Bank, the Polish Banks Association and EAST.
In recent years crowdfunding has become an important instrument of capital raising. Its importance, popularity and impact are still growing thanks to the development of ICT technologies and new ways of thinking about investments. Both individuals as well as small and middle size enterprises see crowdfunding as a new way of collecting capital by benefiting from free financial assets of Internet users. Therefore, more and more investors are noticing the clear-cut advantages offered by this kind of financial instrument. Crowdfunding is rearranging the way that entrepreneurs finance their endeavors, launch new products and services onto the market and open start-up companies. Crowdfunding’s social impact appears to be undisputed when it comes to start-ups, it also seems to be a key factor contributing to the increase in their number and socio-economic success. The paper presents the basics of crowdfunding i.e. its models, associated risks and growth on Polish and European market. The world reports on crowdfunding and the author’s own research in this field were the main sources of material for this paper.
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