We present a synthetic review of laboratory data, theoretical formulae and relevant geophysical/geological knowledge concerning the Western Carpathians which can be used for explanation of the Carpathian conductivity anomaly below the flysch zone. Implications in favour of the alternative with mineralized (saline) water in pores of crustal rocks at depths of 10-25 km are given. The effect of high temperature and pressure is taken into account too. The alternative with graphitic films in pores is also admitted, but there are geological implications that this effect is not prevailing because of young age of the outer Western Carpathians.
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This publication is a contribution to discussion on the geometry and petrography of the rock complex responsible for the Carpathian conductivity anomaly. We analysed arguments showing that this anomaly is caused by induction in the sedimentary basin, and make a critical review of various data to find out whether the good conductivity is connected with a rock complex containing graphite or mineralized water. We conclude that a more likely mechanism is the ionic one, i.e., the existence of fluids, although a final decision can only be made on the basis of deep drillings.
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Induced magnetic fields in the Earth arise due to two phenomena: induction generated by the time-variable exciting field and the motional induction caused by movement of the conductive planet in the outer magnetic fields. The comparison of both approaches on the spherical Earth has been analyzed in the present work for two sources in the ionosphere and magnetosphere. For this aim, both sources with their natural sizes and positions have been modeled analytically to obtain the fields on the layered sphere at the middle latitudes. The conditions when the steady ring current field is not influenced by the Earth’s rotation have been established theoretically. The synthetic diurnal magnetograms were used for the deep sounding by the magnetovariation spatial gradient method and the result was compared with the one obtained on the non- rotating sphere. Sounding results using both approaches were found different above the 2D inhomogeneous mantle. The precessions of the magnetospheric belt current pole for daily sampling frequency were presented using several geomagnetic observatory data in the northern hemisphere.
A hitherto unknown magnetic anomaly has been detected in the framework of assembling magnetic picture of the Slovakian territory. The impressive magnetic object was recognized in the northeasternmost part of Slovakia within the area which is created by sediments of the Flysch belt. This is certain rarity because the Flysch sequence is practically without magnetic rocks. Due to this was obvious that anomaly is caused by an exotic rocks complex, intruded into Flysch sediments. The shape and the character of anomalous body indicated that source of anomaly is located in the shallow depth under surface relatively. The anomaly has been modelled in the 2D. Source of magnetic anomaly was interpreted as the product of Neogene volcanism – neck of intermediate rocks. Besides of this there were found out other minor anomalies within this area which might be caused also by smaller subvolcanic bodies. The Carpathian Conductivity Anomaly is located in the proximity of new observed magnetic anomalies. Due to this fact it is possible to open new view on the importance of this zone. In the case of justification of such interpretation the area might be interesting for its potential prognosis of hydrocarbons occurrence, metallogenetic prominence, as well as possibilities for underground storage of carbon dioxide.
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