The history of translation is as ancient as the theories concerning translation. Within the progress of this item the discussion focuses on two conflicting positions, based on the concepts of semantic equivalence and one-to-one correspondence respectively. The question which has always been significant is, whether to move the text to its reader or to move the reader, that is to say how to deal with the text`s overdetermination. An individual word may relate to one word through assonance, to another through syntactical equivalence or morphological parallelism. Signs participate in several different paradigmatic and syntagmatic patterns which, in their complexity, cannot be transferred completely into another language. The article deals with the question “how to translate?”, which means to substitute one sign for another and not to lose too much of its significance. Is authenticity possible or just a Utopian dream?
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