Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

The Study of Heavy Metal Impacts on Biotic Processes in the Soils of the Urban Ecosystem of the City of Rivne (Ukraine)

100%

Melnyk V. , Malovanyy M. , Lukіanchuk N. , Sternik V.

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2023

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tom Vol. 24, iss. 1

143--153

EN

The paper deals with investigating the impact of heavy metals on biotic processes in the soils of the urban ecosystem of the city of Rivne. The territories of the northern part of the city, where the main industrial enterprises are concentrated, and the southern part of the city, with a significant impact of fugitive emissions from the railway and road transport, are characterized by the highest level of soil contamination. The soils are assigned to class III of hazard of contamination with heavy metals with "medium impact level" on biological processes, soil contamination category is "hazardous". The western and central parts of the city are marked by a significant level of contamination, the soils belong to class IV of hazard with "moderate impact level" on biological processes, the soil contamination category is "moderately hazardous". The eastern part of the city is the least contaminated and is assigned to class V of hazard. The contamination level is "low", the soil contamination category is "permissible".

2

Facilities and problems of processing organic wastes by family-type biogas plants in Ukraine

100%

Voytovych I. , Malovanyy M. , Zhuk V. , Mukha O.

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tom no. 45

185--189

EN

The potential of organic wastes in Ukraine for biogas production and the prospects of using the family-type biogas plants for this purpose are shown. In the biogas laboratory of the Ukrainian National Forestry University the efficiency of the anaerobic mesophilic digestion of chicken manure of Poltava poultry farm, Kamianets-Podilsky poultry farm and sewage sludge from Lviv wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) was investigated. Different integral indicators of the biogas production and significantly different dynamics of its formation over time were obtained for three investigated substrates. The value of average specific biogas production from the sewage sludge of Lviv WWTP is 0.494 dm3∙(day∙kg FM)–1, which is 5.1 times more comparing the chicken manure of Kamianets-Podilsky poultry farm and 8.0 times more than for the chicken manure of Poltava poultry farm. Strong negative effect of antibiotic treatment of chickens on methane content in the obtained biogas was established experimentally.

3

Critical analysis of biotechnologies on using resource potential of hydrobionts

100%

Soloviy C. , Malovanyy M. , Nykyforov V. , Dihtyar S.

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2020

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tom no. 44

143--150

EN

Hydrobionts are considered as highly potential source for bioproduction (including energy carriers and fertilizers) and many biotechnological processes that include hydrobionts, particularly their biomass as a substrate are used in different fields of energy, cosmetology, medicine, pharmaceutics, aquaculture, agriculture, forestry etc. Latest developments prove efficiency in applying anaerobic digestion for purifying wastewaters from organic pollutants with the help of macrophytes and microphytes in conducting biomethanogenesis. Many studies have established that it is possible to reach high level of lipid extraction from algae (to 95%) with the help of organic solvents (methanol, acetone, hexane, diethyl ether etc). Blue – green algae biomass has been scientifically proved to be a good source for methane, methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, biodiesel and other biofuel types production. Macroalgae and microalgae contain β- carotene, biotin, folic acid, fucoidans, lectins, phenolics, sulphated polysaccharides and other derived biologically active compounds that can be used in producing vitamins, have anti-ulcer, antioxidant, antibiotic, antifouling, immune modulatory and other properties. Cyanidioschyzon merolae, Ostreococcus lucimarinus, O. tauri, Micromonas pusilla have shown high potential for hydrogen production while Rhizoclonium sp. has been experimentally used as a bounding material in briquetting miscanthus granules, resulting in 20 % higher dynamic strength. The article is a literature review and the purpose of this work is to classify and systemize hydrobionts, reveal regularity of their growth, conduct critical analysis on existing biotechnologies on using separate representatives of aquatic biomes as a raw material and also to review ways of intensification for these biotechnologies.

4

A Promising Way to Dispose of Fatty Waste by Hydrolysis and Study of the Conditions for Immobilization of Rhizopus Japonicus Lipase on Carriers

88%

Skliar V. , Krusir G. , Shunko H. , Zakharchuk V. , Malovanyy M.

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2020

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tom Vol. 21, nr 2

201--208

EN

The hydrogenation process in oil and fat production is accompanied by the formation of a large amount of waste, the majority of which includes spent catalysts and spent sorbents. The bioconversion of lipids through the use of immobilized enzyme preparations expands the possibilities and is one of the most powerful resource potentials of environmental biotechnology. The adsorption methods are most effective, which is due to the ease of the binding process, the low cost of the carrier and the absence of toxic substances. Immobilization of adsorption provides a large surface area, which is important for the lipolytic enzymes performing catalysis at the interface. In most cases, adsorption slightly reduces the activity of lipases and, which is extremely important, does not affect their specificity. It was shown that the use of activated carbon with a grain size of 2.0–2.8 as a carrier for immobilization of lipase, leads to maximum preservation of the initial lipolytic activity. The weight ratio of carrier/ enzyme, optimal in terms of preservation of lipolytic activity, was 1 g of biopolymer carrier per 500 mg of lipase (1: 0.5) with preservation of 36.33% of the initial activity of the native enzyme. From the obtained experimental data, it follows that the rational conditions for the immobilization of Rhizopus japonicus is GM 1.5, temperature 25°С, duration of immobilization 15 minutes, the size of particles of activated carbon as a matrix is 2.0–2.8 mm. The lipolytic activity of the enzyme immobilized under these conditions is preserved by more than 30% compared with the native one, which is a high indicator of the preservation of activity.

5

Investigation of Enzymatic Degradation of Solid Winemaking Wastes

88%

Krusir G. , Sagdeeva O. , Malovanyy M. , Shunko H. , Gnizdovskyi O.

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2020

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tom Vol. 21, nr 2

72--79

EN

The work is devoted to the research of the enzymatic destruction process of solid waste of the primary winemaking enterprises the introduction of advanced technology of their utilization and creation of optimally balanced feed additive. The processing of grapes produces waste, the storage and accumulation of which in environmental components leads to the loss of valuable resource in the composition of waste and leads to the creation of increased levels of environmental hazards. Enzymatic degradation of cellulose in the composition of waste by the cellulase enzyme through the microorganisms’ action is the basis of the biotechnological process. To implement this process, it is necessary to determine the main parameters and modes of the bioconversion process, investigation of which the study is devoted. The basic characteristics of the enzymatic degradation process were determined and data were obtained for the technology improvement of solid waste utilization of the wine industry enterprises. Comparative analysis of bioconversion of different types of waste proves that the cellulose enzymatic degradation is the most effective for the grape pomace in the waste, allows us to obtain valuable feed additive and reduce the environmental danger level.

6

Cavitation-Reagent Technology for Water Purification of Pools and Water Parks

88%

Aftanaziv I. , Shevchuk L. , Malovanyy M. , Strutynska L. , Samsin I.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2019

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tom Vol. 20, nr 6

141--152

EN

The research goal was to develop an improved water purification technology for public reservoirs by adding the vibrocavitation purification before a reagent method with sodium hypochlorite, produced via electrolysis of salt. The main tasks of the research include the determination of vibrocavitation treatment efficiency and the development of a new low-frequency vibration resonance cavitation process for water purification, as well as equipment for this process. The vibroresonance method supporting the intensity of spatial displacements of cavitation exciters was developed on the basis of the theory of cavitation fields in liquids. While using this method, it was possible to establish the boundary conditions for stable support of the cavitation field created by low-frequency vibrations. The developed method is based on the formation of high intensive cavitation fields in liquids by vibratory decks. The advanced technological scheme of water purification for pools and public use reservoirs was proposed, which includes the addition of resonance vibrocavitators to a closed circulation cycle of water purification with the reagent method.

7

The Strategy of Environmental Danger Minimization from Poultry Farms Waste

88%

Malovanyy M. , Kanda M. , Paraniak R. , Odnorih Z. , Tymchuk I.

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tom Vol. 22, nr 5

229--237

EN

An impact of poultry farms on the environment caused by ammonia emission from chicken manure has been studied. A negative impact minimisation method by adding natural sorbents to the bedding composition has been proposed. The optimum natural adsorbents compositions (clinoptilolite and palygorskite) for adding to the bedding as well as the optimum mixture ratio of these adsorbents to chicken manure mass have been determined. The optimum conditions for obtaining granulated organic-mineral fertiliser of prolonged action based on this composition have been studied. In the result of the research data analysis a technological scheme for organic-mineral fertiliser production based on chicken manure and a mixture of natural adsorbents have been proposed.

8

Evaluation of Water Quality of the Siret River by Zooperiphyton Organisms

88%

Rylskyi O. F. , Dombrovskiy K. , Masikevych Y. , Masikevych A. , Malovanyy M.

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2023

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tom Vol. 24, nr 6

294--302

EN

The extensive nature of natural resource use in the Siret River basin in recent years has led to a significant depletion of its water resources and deterioration of the ecological state of surface waters. The following paper presents the results of assessing the degree of water pollution of the Siret River. A number of biotic water quality indices were used for this purpose. In particular, the Trent Biotic Index (TBI) and the Biological Monitoring Working Party Index (BMWP), both of which use the density ratio of different macroinvertebrate taxa in the aquatic communities, and the Pantlé and Bucca saprobility index, which uses the absolute density and saprobility of indicator species of aquatic organisms. A comprehensive assessment of the aquatic ecosystem of the watercourse was carried out using the water pollution index (WPI). The biological indices were calculated on the basis of data on zooperiphyton communities formed on an artificial fibre media of the «VIYA» type. The VIYA fibre carrier was used for more accurate determination of the species composition and quantitative characteristics of zooperiphyton communities in the studied river sections. The TBI index ranged from 5 to 6 (which corresponds to a water quality assessment of 'satisfactory'). The BMWP index ranged from 8 (very poor) to 32 (good), and the saprobicity index from 1.52 to 1.95 (good water quality). The WPI index at the control sites in the Siret River ranged from 4.6 (which corresponds to a water quality assessment of 'polluted') to 8.1 (which corresponds to a water quality assessment of 'extremely polluted'). Significant differences in the results of the assessment by different biotic indices indicate that these indices cannot be used as indicators for an exhaustive assessment of water quality using zooperiphyton. They can only be used as relative indicators for comparing the state of water pollution at different locations. The values of hydrochemical indicators of water quality at two observation posts of the river were analysed. The maximum permissible concentrations of nitrite ions, ammonium ions and suspended solids in the control sections of the river were found to be exceeded.

9

Integrated Aerobic-Reagent Technology for the Pre-Treatment of Leachates from Municipal Solid Waste Landfills

75%

Malovanyy M. , Zhuk V. , Boichyshyn L. , Tymchuk I. , Vronska N. , Grechanik R.

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tom Vol. 23, iss. 1

135--141

EN

Accumulation of leachate at municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills is a significant environmental problem. The analysis of known technologies of leachate treatment was performed. It was established that it is not effective to use the same technology to treat leachate in two different periods: before the landfill closure and reclamation process as well as afterwards. The application of integrated two-stage aerobic-reagent pre-treatment technology with subsequent full treatment at municipal wastewater treatment plants was proposed for these purposes. The results of laboratory studies of optimal parameters of technology realization for the pre-treatment of Lviv MSW landfill leachate were presented. Recommendations for the practical implementation of the combined two-stage aerobicreagent technology for the landfill leachate pre-treatment were developed.

10

Review of the Global Experience in Reclamation of Disturbed Lands

75%

Tymchuk I. , Malovanyy M. , Shkvirko O. , Chornomaz N. , Popovych O. , Grechanik R. , Symak D.

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tom Vol. 22, iss. 1

24--30

EN

The article deals with the global experience related to the reclamation of land disturbed due to mining. The experience of Ukraine in carrying out the biological reclamation of disturbed lands as a result of mining operations was analyzed. The directions of land reclamation in the world were defined. The plant species best used for biological reclamation of disturbed lands were determined.

11

Migration of Hazardous Components of Municipal Landfill Leachates into the Environment

75%

Popovych V. , Telak J. , Telak O. , Malovanyy M. , Yakovchuk R. , Popovych N.

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tom Vol. 21, nr 1

52--62

EN

The research on the physical and chemical properties of landfill leachates and migration of its hazardous components into hydrosphere and biosphere is a current problem in the global context. The object of the research is landscape-changing factors of the Lviv municipal landfill (Ukraine). It was defined that the largest part of oil products accumulates in the leachates at the south-western side of the landfill (23.6 mg/dm3) and it is 2.36 times higher than the value of the maximum permissible concentration (MPC) (10 mg/dm3); the most saline leachates with chlorides and sulfites are those accumulating at the foot and at the northwestern side; the phosphate content of the investigated leachate samples was the highest at the foot of the landfill and amounted to 12.8 mg/dm3, which exceeds the MPC (10 mg/dm3) by 1.28 times; high concentration of ammonium nitride was discovered in the leachates at the foot (76.1 mg/dm3) and at the northwestern side (46.3 mg/dm3), which exceeds the MPC (30 mg/dm3) by 2.53 and 1.54 times, respectively; the highest indicators of total iron are typical for basins nearby (at the foot – 68.2 mg/dm3, at the northwestern side – 56.3 mg/dm3) and exceed the MPC norms (2.5 mg/dm3) by 27.28 and 22.52 times, respectively. According to certain indicators, the content of hazardous components in the leachates, which accumulate at the foot and at the northwestern side, exceeds the MPC and is several times higher than in the natural basins at the distance of 800 and 1200 m.

12

Mapping of Urbanized Territories Noise Level as a Basis for Developing a Complex of Noise-Reducing Measures

75%

Davydova I. , Korbut M. , Malovanyy M. , Shlapak V. , Mamray V. , Korobiichuk V.

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2022

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tom Vol. 23, iss. 6

32--41

EN

In modern conditions of urban areas development, the importance of protection against noise is increasing. Measures to reduce noise levels in the city’s districts should be comprehensive and combine both organizational and architectural-construction and engineering-technological measures. To determine the most optimal combination of countermeasures, it is necessary to initially identify the sources of noise, determine their features and parameters. A complete basis for development of a set of noise reduction methods and means can be mapping of noise levels, which visually allows to determine the intensity and direction of sound spreading. One of the districts of Zhytomyr, which is isolated from other parts of the city and is characterized by a developed infrastructure and heavy traffic, was chosen for noise measurements. Measurements were performed in areas characterized by uniformity of placement, coverage of all functional areas and ability to measure the noise level both at the source of its formation and within the residential area. Based on statistical processing of the experimental data cartographic models of spatial spread of noise pollution are developed. According to the results of the research, zones with different levels of noise pollution were identified. The created map allows to choose the most optimal measures to reduce noise exposure, taking into account the characteristics of each residential area. The design noise level was determined taking into account the measures and noise map was created. The estimated efficiency of the developed measures allows to reduce the total noise level inside the district by 7–8 dB.

13

Method of Assessing the Potential Risk to the Health of the Population During Recreational Water Withdrawal

75%

Rybalova O. , Malovanyy M. , Bondarenko О. , Proskurnin O. , Belokon K. , Korobkova H.

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tom Vol. 23, nr 5

81--91

EN

The use of polluted water bodies for recreation poses a risk of infectious diseases. This fact necessitates taking into account bacteriological indicators to determine the danger of recreational water use. The aim of the article was to develop a new method for assessing the potential risk to population health during recreational water use. A new method for assessing the potential risk to population health during recreational water use has been proposed, which combines the identification of potential risk according to chemical and bacteriological indicators. A new classification of water hazard levels according to the values of risk to population health has been developed. The value of the potential risk to the population health during the recreational use of 6 beaches in the urbanized territories of the city of Kharkiv and its suburbs (Ukraine) was obtained. It was established that bacteriological contamination has the probability of a very large impact on public health (hazard class 5). To compare the methods of assessing the risk to population health during recreational water use, the hazard index (NI) was determined according to the chemical indicators of the quality of water bodies in the city of Kharkiv. The use of the assessment of the potential risk to population health for the environmental regulation of the discharge of pollutants into a water body with wastewater is justified.

14

Environmental Technologies for Use of Coal Mining and Chemical Industry Wastes

63%

Malovanyy M. , Lyashok Y. , Podkopayev S. , Povzun O. , Kipko O. , Kalynychenko V. , Virich S. , Skyrda A.

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2020

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tom Vol. 21, nr 2

85--93

EN

The purpose of the research was to raise the level of environmental safety in the coal mining regions by using combustion metamorphic rocks of the spoil banks, which were reinforced with the modified wastes of the polymer production, namely carbonous binders, as a man-made raw material for the base courses of roads. The environmentally friendly technology for the construction of the base course of roads from layers of combustion metamorphic rock mixtures (CMRM) with different largest granule size of crushed stone was developed. The bulk density and compressive strength in a cylinder on a hydraulic press were used as the criteria for determining the rational granulometric composition. The practicability of reinforcing combustion metamorphic rocks with coal tar, which is a modified waste of the polystyrene production, i.e polystyrene dust, was shown. The technology of preparation of the tar and polystyrene binder (TPB) was developed. The optimal concentration of polystyrene dust in the organic binder of the coke production and the time of their combination (as the optimal areas of admissible values of variation factors X1, X2, X3) were determined using the method of mathematical planning of the three-factor experiment (5 optimization parameters). The coefficients of the regression equations were calculated using the least squares method. Regression equations are a second-degree polynomial. The three-dimensional diagrams “parameters of system optimization – variance factors” were calculated and drawn. In accordance with the obtained regression equations, the response surface was designed in a three-dimensional space. The areas of admissible values of optimal variance factors correspond to the limit values of the response functions.

15

Assessment of the Prospects of Application of Sewage Sludge from Lviv Wastewater Treatment Plants for the Purpose of Conducting the Biological Reclamation

63%

Vankovyсh D. , Bota O. , Malovanyy M. , Odusha M. , Tymchuk I. , Sachnyk I. , Shkvirko O. , Garasymchuk V.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2021

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tom Vol. 22, nr 2

134--143

EN

The prospects of using the sewage sludge from Lviv wastewater treatment plants for biological reclamation was assessed. On the basis of the results of the monitoring of the qualitative and quantitative composition of sewage sludge accumulated in silt fields, the dependences of the distribution of sanitary-microbiological and ecological-chemical characteristics of the accumulated sludge were investigated. Agroecological laboratory studies on estimating the possibility of using sewage sludge in a mix with natural sorbents as a substrate for cultivation of plants was carried out.

16

Use of Microbiocenosis Immobilized on Carrer in Technologies of Biological Treatment of Surface and Wastewater

63%

Malovanyy M. , Masikevych A. , Masikevych Y. , Blyzniuk M. , Tymchuk I. , Zhuk V. , Hnatush S. , Kharlamova O. , Iurchenko V. , Vlasyk L.

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2022

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tom Vol. 23, nr 9

34--43

EN

The role of fibrous carrer in the formation of microbiocenosis, which provides purification of aquatic environments, was studied. The prospects of using the "Vija" fibrous carrer for cleaning the watercourses of mountainous areas were studied. The species composition, as well as the kinetics of periphyton formation on fibrous carrer, were established. The species composition of the microbiocenosis, which is formed on carrer in the mode of active aeration of landfill filtrates and the prospects of using the method of aerated lagoon for filtrate treatment were studied.

17

Sanitary, Microbiological Condition, and Ecological State of Surface Water Quality in the Upper Siret River Basin (Ukraine)

63%

Burdenyuk I. , Masykevich А. , Dombrovskiy K. , Rylskyi O. , Masykevich Y. , Deyneka S. , Malovanyy M. , Tymchuk I.

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tom Vol. 24, iss. 9

55--63

EN

This study aimed to spatially assess the ecological state of the upper Siret River basin in Ukraine, along with its main tributaries, using physicochemical and microbiological indicators. Additionally, we evaluated the impact of anthropogenic activities on surface water quality in the region. The research spanned one year, with nine sampling points ranging from the Siret River sources in the Pokutsko-Bukovynian Carpathians to the Romania border crossing area. Notably, a significant portion of the upper basin lies within the Vyzhnytskyi National Nature Park. Physicochemical analysis involved measuring pH, water turbidity, and concentrations of NH4+, NO3-, and CI- ions. Microbiological analysis focused on total and fecal bacteria, specifically E. coli species. Results revealed a significant correlation between population density, the absence of centralized sewage treatment facilities in large settlements, and the level of surface water pollution in the Ukrainian segment of the Siret River basin. The upper part of the river network, where the Vyzhnytskyi National Nature Park is located, displayed the cleanest waters. Downstream, surface water pollution increased, particularly near certain points outside large settlements and tourist complexes (Myhove, Berehomet, and Storozhynets). Our findings highlight the importance of using microbiological indicators to monitor the ecological state of Danube sources in the Eastern Carpathians.

18

Utilization of Household Plastic Waste in Technologies with Final Biodegradation

63%

Nahursky O. , Krylova H. , Vasiichuk V. , Kachan S. , Nahursky A. , Paraniak N. , Sabadash V. , Malovanyy M.

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tom Vol. 23, iss. 4

94--100

EN

We have carried out research on multi-stage handling of polyethylene terephthalate and polystyrene household waste. The method has been developed for both their safe utilization in manufacturing technologies and the use of encapsulated mineral fertilizers. The technical feasibility of implementing all stages of plastic waste processing has been defined: separate collection, creation of a film-forming composition, encapsulation of granular fertilizers. Our study has confirmed the safe biodegradation of polymer shell residues in the soil environment after the dissolution of the fertilizers. The proposed method of handling of these wastes is a method of their safe utilization.

19

Minimization of Soil Pollution as a Result of the Use of Encapsulated Mineral Fertilizers

63%

Vakal S. , Yanovska A. , Vakal V. , Artyukhov A. , Shkola V. , Yarova T. , Dmitrikov V. , Krmela J. , Malovanyy M.

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tom Vol. 22, nr 1

221--230

EN

The application of nitrogen fertilizers allows increasing crop yields and partially increase the natural soil fertility. They have a negative influence on the environment due to the significant release of nitrogen. Hence, the technology for decreasing the N-release is proposed in this work. Obtaining of complex organo-mineral NPK fertilizers by encapsulating a carbamide granule with a phosphate-potassium shell with humates is the main aim of this work. The main tasks of this shell is slow release of the nitrogen and phosphate nutrients from the granules into the soil following the agrochemical needs of plants and prevention of soil pollution. The powdered components agglomeration of phosphate and potassium fertilizers with a small amount of liquid phase (plasticizer) allows forming a phosphate-containing coating on a carbamide core by means of the semi-dry method. This innovation allows organizing the production of such a product at the average enterprise with less capital investment. Carbamide prills, phosphate-glauconite concentrate, calcium and potassium ballast humate, and “Avatar” trace-element chelate complex were used in experimental studies. A preliminary assessment of the market prospects for such an innovation shows a high level of market attractiveness for all market participants: producers, consumers, and society.

20

Adsorption Extraction of Chromium Ions (III) with the Help of Bentonite Clays

63%

Malovanyy M. , Palamarchuk O. , Trach I. , Petruk H. , Sakalova H. , Soloviy K. , Vasylinych T. , Tymchuk I. , Vronska N.

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tom Vol. 21, nr 7

178--185

EN

This work is dedicated to the development of scientific technologies of wastewater purification of different industrial enterprises from chrome ions through adsorption with the help of bentonite from Cherkasy field under dynamic conditions. The prospects and efficacy of bentonite clays application for wastewater purification are confirmed by their advantages over other sorbents, that is: they win in accessibility, cost, and possibility of regeneration and multiple applications. The level of wastewater purification during adsorption with a stationary sorbent layer under static conditions and under conditions of perfect mixing at different concentrations of chromium ions (III) and quantities of the dosed sorbent was determined. The significant difference in the purification level ranges from 70–87% and is more dependent on the stock concentration of chromium ions. It was found that the purification time of the same volumes of solutions for low concentrations is almost twice shorter under constant stirring, and of the same level at the stock concentrations of 1500 mg/dm3. The technological schemes of wastewater purification from the heavy metal ions contamination were developed.