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2 Acta Chiropterologica

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Seed dispersal by phyllostomid bats in two contrasting vegetation types in a Mesoamerican Reserve

100%

Castro-Luna A. A. , Galindo-Gonzalez J.

nr 1

Frugivorous bats respond differently to changes in the landscape, depending on their morphological and ecological characteristics, so only some species cross deforested areas and disperse seeds in these environments. In this study we analyzed the plant species dispersed by bats in tropical rain forest and patches of secondary vegetation of a forest reserve in Mesoamerica. We expected that the most common bat species in secondary vegetation would be the most important dispersers, favoring the regeneration of vegetation, compared to those that forage mainly in tropical forest. With a capture effort of 5520 net hours, we caught 1718 bats representing 16 frugivorous species. Based on the analyses of fecal samples the most common plants in the bats' diets were pioneer species, mainly from the families Piperaceae, Urticaceae, Solanaceae, Fabaceae, and Muntingiaceae. The most important bat species to seed dispersal in the secondary vegetation were Carollia sowelli, Sturnira lilium, Glossophaga soricina and Carollia perspicillata. Principal components analysis separated the two species of Carollia and S. lilium, whose diets were dominated by plants of the family Piperaceae, from bat species that forage mainly in the tropical forest and whose diets were dominated by plants from the families Moraceae and Anacardiaceae.

Quantifying phyllostomid bats at different taxonomic levels as ecological indicators in a disturbed tropical forest

80%

Castro-Luna A. A. , Sosa V. J. , Castillo-Campos G.

nr 1

With the aim of quantitatively evaluating the usefulness of phyllostomid bats as ecological indicators, we compared intra-family levels and feeding guilds between tropical old-growth forest and patches of secondary vegetation growing where the land had been used for shifting agriculture. There were significant differences between vegetation types in bat species composition, with the frugivore guild most abundant in secondary vegetation and the animalivore guild most abundant in the old-growth forest. These results are congruent with the findings for other Neotropical zones and appear to be associated with the type of soil management that allows secondary vegetation to grow. Using the Indicator Value method, two subfamilies, five genera and five species were found to have a significant indicator value. However, these numbers only represent a small proportion of the five subfamilies, 20 genera and 28 species recorded, indicating that under the disturbance conditions that characterize the study area, phyllostomid bats were poor ecological indicators. Even so, some species and subfamilies are useful as disturbance detectors.