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EN
Two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-D PAGE) led to identification in the polypeptide maps of boar seminal plasma of four conserved polypeptides with identical molecular weight of 24 kDA, and different ranges of isoelectric point (pI): (1) 7.4-7.7, (2) 8.1-8.4, (3) 8.5-8.8 and (4) 9.2-9.4. In the current study the molecular structures of these polypeptides were analysed, for the first time, by mass spectrometry (LC – MS/MS). Computerized mass spectrometry analysis of the peptides obtained after trypsin-digestion of the polypeptides demonstrated their similarity to the family of spermadhesins (crystal structure of two members of the spermadhesin family), especially to epididymal spermadhesin AWN-1. In addition, homology was found of peptides 3 and 4 with a lysozyme C precursor (1,4-beta-N-acetylmuramidase C). The results presented might indicate the participation of the analysed polypeptides in the processes accompanying fertilization.
PL
Stosując metodę elektroforezy dwukierunkowej (2-D PAGE) zidentyfikowano w składzie map polipeptydowych plazmy nasienia knura cztery zakonserwowane polipeptydy o identycznej masie cząsteczkowej 24 kDa i następujących zakresach punktu izoelektrycznego: (1) 7,4-7,7; (2) 8,1-8,4;(3) 8,5-8,8 i (4) 9,2-9,4. W analizie ich struktury molekularnej zastosowano spektroskopię mas (LC – MS/MS). W prezentowanych badaniach, zastosowana po raz pierwszy komputerowa analiza widma masowego peptydów uzyskanych po trawieniu trypsyną wszystkich badanych polipeptydów, wykazała ich podobieństwo do rodziny spermadhezyn (cristal structure of two members of the spermadhesin family),zwłaszcza do spermadhezyny najądrzowej – AWN-1. Dodatkowo wykazano homologię polipeptydów 3 i 4 z prekursorem lizozymu C (1,4-beta-N-acetylmuramidase C). Prezentowane wyniki sugerować mogą udział analizowanych polipeptydów w procesach towarzyszących zapłodnieniu.
EN
In this study, different assays were used to assess the structural and functional integrity of the sperm plasma membrane following freezing-thawing of the whole ejaculates (WEs) and sperm-rich fractions (SRFs) of boar semen. Besides sperm viability assessments (motility and mitochondrial membrane potential using a mitochondrial specific dye, JC-1 with propidium iodide, PI), sperm plasma membrane integrity (PMI) assessments were determined simultaneously using different membrane-based tests (SYBR- 14/PI and carboxyfluorescein diacetate (CFDA) with PI (CFDA/PI), and the hypo-osmotic swelling (HOS) test). ANOVA results showed that boar variability had a significant effect on the analysed parameters of post-thaw sperm characteristics. Spermatozoa harvested from the WEs exhibited a marked decline in post-thaw viability, manifested in reduced motility and mitochondrial membrane potential, than those originated from the SRFs after freezing-thawing. Cryopreservation compromised sperm PMI, as indicated in a significant decline in SYBR-stained, CFDA-stained or HOS-positive sperm cells, irrespective of the ejaculate collection procedure. It was observed that the membrane-based tests were strongly inter-correlated. Furthermore, agreement between the measurements of the membrane-based tests was confirmed by the Bland-Altman scatter plots of differences, suggesting that these tests could detect the same sperm cohorts, which were susceptible to cryo-induced membrane damage. The findings of this study indicate that dual fluorescent staining with SYBR-14/PI and CFDA/PI assays, in combination with the HOS test, provide more precise description of the sperm populations in frozen-thawed boar semen.
EN
The aim of the study was to find out whether the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) within arylsulfatase D (ARSD) gene is associated with kinematic parameters of sperm motility in Holstein- Friesian bulls. 367 Holstein-Friesian bulls kept in one AI center were included in the study. Point mutation C/T at position 139037255 on chromosome X (rs42207167) was identified by PCR-RFLP method (Pflm I). Significant associations were found between ARSD genotypes and CASA-derived sperm motility parameters: average TM (Total Motility), average VSL (Straight Velocity), average VCL (Curvilinear Velocity) and for fraction of sperms showing progressive motility (a) of sperms (VSLa, VCLa and BCFa -Beat Cross Frequency). Most significant differences were observed between alternative homozygotes (CC vs TT). Our results suggest new role of arylsulfatase D gene as being involved in sperm motility.
EN
Selected qualitative and biochemical parameters were determined in cryopreserved semen used for artificial insemination, sampled from 120 bulls reared at the Animal Breeding and Insemination Center in Bydgoszcz. The total average motility of the analyzed sperm samples was determined at 62.51%. The percentage of motile spermatozoa displaying progressive forward motility was 21.65%. Analyzed samples were characterized by a high percentage of sperm cells with a intact plasma membrane (71.21%) and active mitochondria (71.32%). High efficiency of the enzymatic antioxidant system of the evaluated sperm cells was demonstrated by high activity of CAT, GPx and SOD (494.37, 2847.83 and 5.31U/1x109 spermatozoa, respectively) values and low values of the DNA Fragmentation Index (9.32). The results of the study, obtained with the involvement of advanced analytical methods, indicate a high fertilizing capability of the analyzed sperm samples.
EN
The aim of the study was to determine the effects of platelet-activating factor (PAF) on selected quality parameters of cryopreserved bull semen with reduced sperm motility used for artificial insemination. The aim of experiment 1 was to identify the optimal concentration of the phospholipid able to preserve sperm viability. Cryopreserved semen was treated with different PAF concentrations: 1x10-5M, 1x10-6M, 1x10-7M, 1x10-8M and 1x10-9M. The experiment demonstrated that PAF at concentration 1x10-9M increased most the sperm viability parameters (motility parameters, plasma membrane integrity and mitochondrial function) after 120 min of incubation of thawed semen at 37oC. Cryopreserved bull semen with reduced sperm motility (below 70%) was supplemented with PAF in a concentration of 1x10-9M. A statistically significant increase in sperm motility, percentage of linear motile spermatozoa and VSL value was observed after 120 min incubation of sperm with 1x10-9M PAF. Sperm supplementation with PAF also had positive effects on plasma membrane integrity and percentage of spermatozoa with preserved mitochondrial transmembrane potential, but the differences were not statistically significant. The results indicated positive effects of PAF supplementation at a concentration of 1x10-9M on the selected sperm quality parameters in cryopreserved bull semen with reduced motility.
EN
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of storage of semen in different commercial extenders on the pre-freezing and post-thawing quality of boar spermatozoa. Semen was diluted in BTS, Androhep (AH) and Gedil (GD), stored for 24 h at 17°C, and then frozen in accordance with the cryopreservation protocol. Analyses of the quality of spermatozoa included: motility, normal apical ridge (NAR) acrosome, plasma membrane integrity (PMI), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), measurements of ATP content and activity of superoxidase dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Prior to the freezing process, no significant effect of the extender on the sperm quality parameters was noted. After thawing the spermatozoa it was demonstrated that the type of extender used influenced PMI, MMP, ATP content and activity of GPx. In the AH extender the percentage of spermatozoa with PMI and ATP content in spermatozoa was significantly higher (P<0.05) as compared to the BTS or GD extenders. In addition, semen stored in the AH was characterised by a statistically higher (P<0.05) percentage of spermatozoa with MMP and increased activity of GPx as compared with the BTS. The results obtained indicate that for the cryopreservation process, boar spermatozoa stored for 24 hours in liquid state can be used. However, the type of extender used prior to freezing may have a significant effect on the post- thawing quality of the spermatozoa. The AH extender better secured the quality of thawed boar spermatozoa as compared with the BTS or GD.
EN
Semen quality assessment methods are very important in predicting the fertilizing ability of persevered spermatozoa and to improve animal reproductive technology. This review discusses some of the current laboratory methods used for semen quality assessments, with references to their relevance in the evaluation of male fertility and semen preservation technologies. Semen quality assessment methods include sperm motility evaluations, analyzed with the computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA) system, and plasma membrane integrity evaluations using fluorescent stains, such as Hoechst 33258 (H33258), SYBR-14, propidium iodide (PI), ethidium homodimer (EthD) and 6-carboxyfluorescein diacetate (CFDA), and biochemical tests, such as the measurement of malondialdehyde (MDA) level. This review addresses the significance of specific fluorochromes and ATP measurements for the evaluation of the sperm mitochondrial status. Laboratory methods used for the evaluation of chromatin status, DNA integrity, and apoptotic changes in spermatozoa have been discussed. Special emphasis has been focused on the application of proteomic techniques, such as two-dimensional (2-D) gel electrophoresis and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), for the identification of the properties and functions of seminal plasma proteins in order to define their role in the fertilization-related processes.
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