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1
Content available Węgrów. W sprawie genezy nazwy
100%
Kowalczyk-Heyman E.
Onomastica
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2016
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tom 60
233-248
EN
This article deals with the name of the town Węgrów on the river Liwiec, whose name is based on the obscure hydronym Węgra Potok. This name is juxtaposed with another place name, Węgra, which is found near Przasnysz and is named after the river Węgra (today known as Węgierka), as well as other names beginning with wągr-||węgr-. The author challenges Witczak’s (2015) hypothesis that the name of Węgra comes from the Sudovian (Jatvingian, Yotvingian) language. The article raises historical, archaeological and geographical arguments that oppose the possibility of a Yotvingian influence in these regions. Consequently, the author contends that the place names have a Slavonic root, linked to the noun węgorz (a type of fish), or the meandering nature of both rivers. There is also a discussion of the name patok||potok (stream/brook).
2
Content available Gród Osielsk – rozwiązanie ostatniej zagadki części dziewięcinnej tzw. falsyfikatu mogileńskiego
100%
Kowalczyk-Heyman E.
Wiadomości Archeologiczne
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2018
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tom LXIX
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nr 69
197-204
EN
Out of the 19 Mazovian gords whose names were recorded in the so-called Mogilno Falsification from 1065 (Fig. 1), the location of only one of them – Osielsk (Oselzch) – remained unknown. Among the many possible locations identified with the name, the hypothesis formulated by Irena Gieysztorowa and Tadeusz Lalik, who advocated for Kozielsk, a small village situated near the border of Kuczbork, had the most supporters. However, locating a settlement which could be a remnant of the gord of Osielsk in that area proved impossible for fifty years. It was only discovered in 2017 by Tadeusz Manista, an amateur researcher and a member of the Żuromin Historical Group, and then verified by the employees of the National Museum of Archaeology and the Author. A large ring-shaped fortified settlement, with a diameter of over 100 m, surrounded by a rampart consisting of an embankment and two ditches on both sides, is located north of Kuczbork and Kozielsk (Fig. 2–4). The pottery sherds obtained from its surface (Fig. 6) should be attributed to the Early Middle Ages (second half of the 12th – the beginning of the 13th century), but the final determination of the time of construction and functioning of the gord may take place only after archaeological excavations are carried out.
3
Content available About Meanders of Identification of Medieval River Names in the North-eastern and Eastern Mazovia Region
100%
Kowalczyk-Heyman E.
Onomastica
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2019
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tom 63
127-144
EN
About Meanders of Identification of Medieval River Names in the North-eastern and Eastern Mazovia Region In the paper, on the basis of several dozen examples of hydronyms from eastern and north-eastern Mazovia, the erroneous attribution of written sources and, as a consequence, their incorrect identification and location were shown. These kinds of mistakes can be found in toponymical, hydrographical and historical publications. It is the result of taking attestations from the context of the source, poor knowledge of the history and the geography of the studied area, as well as the poor knowledge of Latin and the lack of verification of hypotheses found in older literature.
4
Content available W sprawie pruskich nazw na Mazowszu (na marginesie artykułu Leszka Bednarczuka)
100%
Kowalczyk-Heyman E.
Onomastica
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2022
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tom 66
374-380
EN
This contribution discusses Mazovian water and place names which are considered by some toponomasticians to be of Prussian origin. Using several examples, it is shown that this conclusion was drawn on the basis of outdated literature on the subject and disregarding more recent publications, with the oldest attestations of names (Narew, Wkra, Puszów Las and Puzów Stok) were not included in the considerations, nor were attestations referring to other topographical objects (Miedzna) assigned to them. Other names with an evidently Baltic basis were omitted (e.g. the first element in the name Kiejstutów Bród). Some of the discussed names in terms of their structure are Polish names with Polish appellatives as their basis (Rapaty, Kolno), the bases of others are names included in the oldest European naming layer, which may have functioned in both Slavic and Baltic languages.
PL
 W wypowiedzi podjęto dyskusję odnośnie do mazowieckich nazw wodnych i miejscowych uznawanych przez część toponomastów za nazwy pochodzenia pruskiego. Na kilku przykładach wskazano, że na podstawie przestarzałej literatury przedmiotu, z pominięciem nowszych publikacji, w rozważaniach nie uwzględniono najstarszych poświadczeń nazw (Narew, Wkra, Puszów Las i Puzów Stok) lub przypisano im poświadczenia odnoszące się do innych obiektów topograficznych (Miedzna). Inne nazwy o ewidentnie bałtyckiej podstawie pominięto (człon pierwszy w nazwie Kiejstutów Stok). Część omówionych nazw pod względem budowy to nazwy polskie, u podstawy których stoją polskie apelatywy (Rapaty, Kolno), podstawy innych to nazwy zaliczane do najstarszej europejskiej warstwy nazewniczej, która mogła funkcjonować zarówno w językach słowiańskich, jak i bałtyckich.
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