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The Application of Z-Ion Substrate to Support Energy Crop Growth (Dactylis Glomerata L.) on Degraded Soil

100%

Chomczyńska M. , Rycko N.

tom Vol. 22, nr 6

106--113

Investigations concerned the effect of raising the dose of new Z-ion zeolite substrate on cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) growth. During the pot experiment, plants were grown on degraded soil, arable soil and mixtures of degraded soil with increasing Z-ion substrate additions (1%, 2%, 5%, 10% v/v). When the experiment was terminated, the mean values of the vegetative parameters of test species were calculated. The carbon to nitrogen ratio for cocksfoot stem biomass was determined. The enzyme diversity of the degraded soil enriched with substrate additions after cocksfoot growth (Shannon’s diversity index) was also evaluated. The application of Z-ion additions positively influenced the cocksfoot growth – the additions in the range of 1–10% v/v to degraded soil significantly increased wet and dry stem biomass, dry root biomass and total dry biomass of plants. It turned out that the Z-ion substrate addition not exceeding 1% v/v can be considered as one which – after introducing into a specific degraded soil – would give similar biomass yield of cocksfoot to that obtained on the selected arable soil. At 1% substrate dose, the carbon/nitrogen ratio in the plant material (27.17) was within the range of values ensuring the proper methane fermentation course. The preliminary studies have shown that a significant increase in enzyme diversity can be observed when there is a certain degree of root development caused by a sufficiently high addition of Z-ion substrate to the degraded soil – under experimental conditions it was 5% v/v Z-ion dose.

Shear Strength of Soil-Root Layer Formed on Degraded Soil Supplemented with New Zeolite Substrate

80%

Chomczyńska M. , Franus M. , Żukowska G.

tom Vol. 24, nr 7

128--134

The aim of the study was to determine the shear strength of the soil-root layer obtained as a result of growth of cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) on degraded soil enriched with the addition of a new zeolite substrate Z-ion. Measurement of shear strength for soil-root layers formed as a result of growth of a grass species (on degraded soil alone and on degraded soil with added Z-ion) was performed in a direct shear apparatus. The measurement results allowed determining parameters of equations describing the dependence of shear strength of studied soil-root layers on normal stress e.g. cohesion and internal friction coefficient. Under the experimental conditions, application of 1% v/v substrate addition to degraded soil induced development of cocksfoot root system which resulted in the significantly increased cohesion of soil-root layer (by 30%) as compared to that formed on degraded soil alone. The enhanced cohesion of the soil-root layer formed on soil enriched with Z-ion resulted in its significantly increased shear strength as compared to that of soil-root layer obtained on soil alone. Further research using higher doses of the Z-ion substrate (greater than 1% v/v) is needed to obtain the information at what dose ranges of the substrate one can expect even more intensive development of plant root systems and, consequently, further significant improvement in the shear strength of the soil-root layers.