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1
Content available Przestrzeń, filozofia i Wszechświat
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Krzanowski R.
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nr 63
249-252
EN
Book review of: M. Heller, Przestrzenie Wszechświata. Od geometrii do kosmologii, Copernicus Center Press, Kraków 2017, ss. 284.
PL
Recenzja książki: Michal Heller. Przestrzenie Wszechświata. Od geometrii do kosmologii, Copernicus Center Press, Kraków 2017, ss. 284.
2
Content available Minimal Information Structural Realism
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Krzanowski R.
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nr 63
59-75
EN
This paper presents Minimal Information Structural Realism (MISR), that claims that information (signified by I) is an ontologically and epistemologically objective entity (signified by R) and is apprehended as, but not identical to structures perceived in nature (signified by S). Two informal arguments are presented in support of this claim. One argument is based on the conclusions from models of quantum mechanics (QM) and cosmology, while the other argument is referred to as incompleteness of epistemic definitions of information. MISR is not associated directly with the structural realism (SR) of the ontic or epistemic kinds, and is only remotely related to the concept of information structural realism (ISR) defined by Floridi.
3
Content available Towards a Formal Ontology of Information. Selected Ideas of K. Turek
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Krzanowski R.
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nr 61
23-52
EN
There are many ontologies of the world or of specific phenomena such as time, matter, space, and quantum mechanics1. However, ontologies of information are rather rare. One of the reasons behind this is that information is most frequently associated with communication and computing, and not with ‘the furniture of the world’. But what would be the nature of an ontology of information? For it to be of significant import it should be amenable to formalization in a logico-grammatical formalism. A candidate ontology satisfying such a requirement can be found in some of the ideas of K. Turek, presented in this paper. Turek outlines the ontology of information conceived of as a part of nature, and provides the ‘missing link’ to the Z axiomatic set theory, offering a proposal for developing a formal ontology of information both in its philosophical and logicogrammatical representations.
4
Content available Science and its social grounding
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Krzanowski R.
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nr 72
179-189
EN
Stuart Richie’s book discusses social, political, and cultural influences on science. In a series of well documented cases Richie shows how many of top scientific journals publish poorly executed studies with dubious conclusions. Such publications distort a public image of science as an unbiased search for truth. The roots of such practices, Richie traces to the way science enterprise is done in academia and in private research centers, where only positive and “expected” results are valued. While according to Richie there is a small chance to cure scientific practices from these ills, science itself is and remains the search for truth, even if our social moors make it so much harder.
5
Content available The Daniel Dennett’s New Mind: Darwin, Turing but no Bach
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Krzanowski R.
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nr 64
209-213
EN
Book review: Daniel C. Dennett, From Bacteria to Bach and Back. The evolution of mind, Penguin Random House, UK 2017, pp. 467.
6
Content available Introduction to topo-philosophy
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Krzanowski R.
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nr 75
267-276
EN
In philosophy, it is always refreshing to introduce unconventional ideas. It requires a certain audacity from the author; she/he may face the wall of silence or be shunned by academia, both treatments being undesirable. But still these are more rewarding than gathering laurels for beating the dead philosophical cats like Humes, Leibnitzs, Wittgensteins, Whiteheads and others, the practice that for many philosophers is their life opus. Skowron's book is certainly not in this category. Bartłomiej Skowron undertakes such a discovery trip into an unknown land in his book Part and Whole: Towards Topo-Onotology, which was published by Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Warszawskiej in 2021.
7
Content available From philosophy in science to information in nature: Michael Heller’s ideas
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Krzanowski R.
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nr 75
83-105
EN
This paper discusses the concept of information formulated by Michael (Michał) Heller. Heller-a philosopher, theoretical physicist, cosmologist, and theologian-provided a complex image of information and its role in nature, which is rarely found in studies of information. Heller posited that the laws of nature may be interpreted as information, or as providing information, presenting this as a complementary view to scientific structuralism (not discussed in this paper). According to Heller, the informational content of a structure in nature is inversely proportional to that structure’s degree of freedom. The more constrained or complex a structure is, and the less likely it is to exist, the more information it contains. In Heller’s view, the concept of information in Shannon’s Theory of Communication (ToC) is inadequate for expressing the notion of information beyond a numerical measure of a signal structure. Information in Heller’s research closely aligns with the concepts of Jacquette’s and Perzanowski’s combinatorial ontology (concepts not discussed in this paper) and the general theory of information (GTI) of Mark Burgin, although Heller did not explicitly make these connections.
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Content available Novacene: The coming age of hyperintelligence-James Lovelock’s vision of posthumanism
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Krzanowski R.
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nr 71
191-201
EN
James Lovelock, who is famous for the Gaia hypothesis, has written a new book called Novacene: The Coming Age of Hyperintelligence. It is an extended argument about an impending new epoch on Earth called Novacene in which biological life as we know it will evolve into lifeforms based on cyber technology (i.e., cyborgs) built from non-biological materials. Novacene may be seen as a development of the ideas presented in Lovelock’s earlier book A Rough Guide to The Future. In Novacene, the Earth will be populated by cyborgs, which are self-replicating and self-improving mechanical systems that will eventually dominate and rule the Earth. These cyborgs will possess intelligence and knowledge beyond our understanding.
9
Content available Ethics in autonomous robots as philosophy in silico: The study case of phronetic machine ethics
63%
Polak P. , Krzanowski R.
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tom 52
EN
The paper explores the application of computing science to the modeling of the ethical concepts. The modeling in computers is denoted as in silico modeling. The in silico method has found applications in biology, chemistry, cosmology, sociology among others. The applications of in silico modeling to philosophical problems (like ethics) are rather infrequent. Yet, the approach discussed in the paper holds the promise of not only facilitating the development of ethical robotics but it also may provide the insights into the philosophical problems themselves (by explicating their implicit structures). The paper provides also a brief overview of the concept of modeling in silico in historical and current contexts
PL
W artykule przestawiono zastosowanie narzędzi informatycznych do modelowania koncepcji etycznych. Komputerowe modelowanie nazywane jest modelowaniem in silico. Metody tego typu mają zastosowania m.in. w biologii, chemii, kosmologii, socjologii. Rzadko jednak stosuje się to podejście do modelowania problemów filozoficznych (jak etyka). Obecnie wydaje się ono obiecujące nie tylko dla uproszczenia rozwoju etycznych robotów, ale i dla głębszego wglądu w istotę filozoficznych problemów uwikłanych w kwestie związane z etyką maszyn (poprzez ukazanie ich wewnętrznej struktury). Artykuł ukazuje również zwięzły przegląd koncepcji modelowania w kontekście historycznym, jak i we współczesnym.
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