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Zakres podmiotowy prawa do petycji w Polsce i w Unii Europejskiej. Przyczynek do dyskusji

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Galster J. , Lis-Staranowicz D.

Przegląd Sejmowy

2018

nr 3(146)

59–77

The purpose of the article is not to comprehensively analyse the right of petition, but to expose its addressees. The issue is not solely of theoretical nature, as it results from problems which have arisen in the practice of applying the right. The authors pose the question on the ability of the organs of public administration and public legal persons to submit petitions in view of both Polish and European Union legislation.

EUROPEANIZATION OF POLISH CONSTITUTIONAL LAW (O zjawisku europeizacji polskiego prawa konstytucyjnego)

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Lis-Staranowicz D. , Galster J.

Przegląd Sejmowy

2010

nr 2(97)

29-51

Europeanization of law is the consequence of influence of European integration on the domestic legal system of countries aspiring to EU membership. The constitution is not free from this influence. To put it more simply, Europeanization of the constitution means constitutionalization of matters either related (even if in a different way) to European Union law ('a sensu stricto' Europeanization) or generally connected with law enacted by European international organizations ('a sensu largo' Europeanization). Constitutional transformation resulting from the EU accession is mostly reflected in the organizational structure of the state. In Poland, the consequence of delegation of some powers of state authorities to the European Community/European Union (under Article 90 of the Constitution) means the extension of the state activity to the European level. This function of the state does not correspond with the classical separation of powers doctrine. The exercise of this function only by the Council of Ministers threatens the balance of powers guaranteed by Article 10 of the Constitution. There is, above all, a need for involvement of the representative bodies of the Nation in the exercise of this function. Therefore, an amendment to the constitution should be considered that would specify the principles of cooperation in European affairs between the Council of Ministers, the Sejm and the Senate, and the president of the Republic. Europeanization of the constitution does not always have positive effect on its 'improvement'. It may lead to 'erosion' of constitutional standards: disavowal of the principles of the system of government, the weakening of the regulatory function of the state. The absence of constitutionalization of the 'progress in integration' exposes the legal system to criticism for being contradictory and lacking completeness. The scope of Europeanization should be limited by the so-called identity of the constitution, i.e. a relative immutability of fundamental constitutional principles and values. When proclaiming an 'integration option', their authors have not identified those categories which determine the substance of the basic law.

AN IMPACT OF THE TREATY OF LISBON ON THE POSITION OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT (Wplyw Traktatu z Lizbony na pozycje Parlamentu Europejskiego)

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Galster J. , Knade-Plaskacz A.

Przegląd Sejmowy

2010

nr 5(100)

177-199

The Treaty of Lisbon, signed on 13 December 2007 is a consecutive treaty reforming the European Union. Even if composed of only seven articles, it has launched substantial systemic and institutional reforms. The article provides an analysis of structural and procedural solutions concerning the European Parliament which seem to be aimed at changing its position in the institutional system of the EU. The authors examine the representative nature of the European Parliamnt and point out the change of the subject of representation and the method of determination of the quota of seats. They also deals with new prerogatives and functions of the European Parliament as well as its relations with other EU institutions and national parliaments. Particular attention is paid to the reform of secondary legislation and law making procedures, which strengthens the position of Parliament in relation to the Council. The Treaty of Lisbon substantially modifies creative powers of European Parliament which has obtained new competences in the sphere of appointment of judges and advocates general of the Court of Justice of the European Union. The authors also emphasise an increased role of the European Parliament Traktat z Lizbony wprowadził także istotne zmiany w zakresie uprawnień kreacyjnych PE in the adoption of the EU budget. An analysis of the impact of the reform initiated by the Treaty of Lisbon shows that despite streghtening of the role of the European Parliament in many areas, it has not lead to revolutionary changes in the status of the European Parliament