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Gest śmiechu w literaturze dwudziestolecia międzywojennego (rekonesans)

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Urbanowski M.

A GESTURE OF LAUGHTER IN THE LITERATURE OF THE SECOND POLISH REPUBLIC: RECONNAISSANCEThe article reconstructs „a gesture of laughter” in the literature of the Second Polish Republic. It reminds that in the beginning of 20’s in the 20th century laughter was considered by Polish writers (inspired by Stanisław Brzozowski and some other thinkers of Young Poland) as a gesture of cultural and antropological vitality and modernity. This is the reason why laughter was treated as a necessary element of Polish modern culture. A good example of such a thinking is not only the poetry of Kazimierz Wierzyński and of poets of Skamander group, but also a literature of Polish futurism, or short stories of Eugeniusz Małaczewski. But by the end of 20’s, laughter began to upset Polish writers. Aleksander Wat, Witold Gombrowicz, Bolesław Leśmian and Jerzy Stempowski showed ambivalent, destrucitive, inhuman or even nihilistic power of laughter. This ambivalent attitude of Polish writers to the gesture of laughter is typical by the end of 30’s but also in the afterwar Polish literature.

Obraz PRL w pięcioksięgu Janusza Krasińskiego

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Urbanowski M.

2017

tom 65

nr 1: Literatura polska

45-55

Artykuł rekonstruuje obraz PRL w monumentalnym pięcioksięgu powieściowym Janusza Krasińskiego, jednym z najważniejszych osiągnięć literatury polskiej po 1989 roku. Krasiński ukazał w nim Polskę w latach 1945-1989 z perspektywy Szymona Bolesty, który jako 18-latek zostaje fałszywie oskarżony przez komunistów o szpiegostwo i skazany na 15 lat więzienia. Doświadczenie więzienne i późniejsza kariera literacka Bolesty każą zobaczyć w PRL twór wrogi, obcy i niebezpieczny, oparty na przemocy i kłamstwie, budzący lęk, niszczący przede wszystkim ludzkie dusze i próbujący stworzyć nową, nieludzką etykę.

The article reconstructs the image of the Polish People’s Republic (PRL) in the monumental pentalogy by Janusz Krasiński, one of the most important achievements of Polish literature after 1989. In his works Krasińki showed Poland in the years 1945-1989 from the perspective of Szymon Bolesta, who at the age of 18 was falsely accused by the communists of espionage and sentenced to 15 years in prison. The prison experience and Bolesta’s later literary career makes the reader perceive PRL as a hostile, alien and dangerous entity, based on violence and lies, arousing fear, destroying human souls and trying to create new non-human ethics.

The Image of the Polish People’s Republic (PRL) in Janusz Krasiński’s Pentalogy

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Urbanowski M.

nr 1: Literatura polska - Selected Papers in English

149-160

The Polish version of the article was published in Roczniki Humanistyczne vol. 65, issue 1 (2017). This article reconstructs the image of the Polish People’s Republic (PRL) in the monumental pentalogy by Janusz Krasiński, one of the most important achievements of Polish literature after 1989. In his works Krasiński showed Poland in the years 1945–1989 from the perspective of Szymon Bolesta, who at the age of 18 was falsely accused by the Communists of espionage and sentenced to 15 years in prison. The prison experience and Bolesta’s later literary career makes the reader perceive the PRL as a hostile, alien and dangerous entity, based on violence and lies, arousing fear, destroying human souls and trying to create a new non-human ethics.