K distribuci a funkci ingresivního významu u předponových sloves

• Autorzy: Adela Rechzieglová

Warianty tytułu

EN

On the distribution and function of ingressive meaning in prefixed verbs

• Języki publikacji: CS

Abstrakty

EN

The aim of this paper was to collect an inventory of Czech prefixed verbs with the meaning ‘to start doing something’ (ingressivity). This meaning is obtained by joining the prefixes na-, pro-, roz-, vy-, vz- and za- to lexical bases which can be characterized as action verbs. The basic distinctive feature of ingressive meaning is the contrast with the foregoing action (or non-action). This can be perceived most clearly with verbs expressing sounds (rozštěkat se ‘to start barking’) or movements (vyběhnout (na dráhu) ‘to start running on the race course’). In compliance with the prefixes, we divided 595 selected derivatives into groups, which we further differentiated into subclasses using semantic and morphological attributes of the verbs. Based on the role of the agent and the character of the action, we distinguished 3 types of ingressive meaning: 1) as in rozplakat se ‘to start crying’, 2) as in nakousnout (toust) ‘to start eating a toast’ and 3) as in rozplakat (někoho) ‘to make someone start crying’. The ingressive meaning occurs with verbs used literally as well as metaphorically. With some polysemic verbs, a certain type of complement is needed (e.g. an adverb of time) to achieve the analyzed meaning.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

verb morphology; ingressive meaning; prefixation; semantic features as a means of classification of a verbal action

CS

morfologie slovesa; počínací (ingresivní) význam; prefixace; sémantické rysy jako kritérium klasifikace slovesného děje

• Wydawca: Institute of the Czech Language, Czech Academy of Sciences
• Czasopismo: Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)
• Rocznik: 2010
• Tom: 71
• Numer: 2
• Strony: 83-115
• Rodzaj publikacji: ARTICLE

Twórcy

autor

Adela Rechzieglová

• Slovo a slovesnost, redakce, Ústav pro jazyk český AV ČR, v.v.i., Letenská 4, 118 51 Praha 1, Czech Republic