The Optional Declarations Regime as a Lawful Tool to Develop the Jurisprudential Interaction Between the African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights and the National Authorities

• Autorzy: Marek Wasiński

Warianty tytułu

Reżim deklaracji fakultatywnych jako instrument interakcji między państwami i Afrykańskim Trybunałem Praw Człowieka

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

Dostęp jednostek do Afrykańskiego Trybunału Praw Człowieka jest ograniczony o tyle, że mogą one występować ze skargami jedynie przeciwko państwom, które złożyły stosowną deklarację fakultatywną. Artykuł dowodzi, że takie ograniczenie właściwości ratione personae sądu międzynarodowego może być traktowane jako rozwiązanie prowadzące do swoistego dialogu między Trybunałem a państwami afrykańskimi. W szczególności sędziowie Trybunału mogą świadomie stymulować procesy decyzyjne prowadzące do składania deklaracji fakultatywnych. W tym celu, w procesie interpretacji praw człowieka gwarantowanych w Karcie z Bandżulu, konieczne jest zachowanie równowagi między progresywną wykładnią pro homine a podejściem zachowawczym, zazwyczaj preferowanym przez państwa. Taka taktyka orzecznicza odzwierciedla szczególne cechy społeczności międzynarodowej, nie narusza bezstronności sędziowskiej oraz daje się pogodzić z normami prawa międzynarodowego o interpretacji traktatów.(abstrakt oryginalny)

EN

The starting point for this paper is the problem of limited individual access to the African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights under Article 5(3) and Article 34(6) of the Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights on the Establishment of the Court. While such a restriction imposed upon its personal jurisdiction is a standard element of political constraint introduced by states to protect their interests, it is argued that the aforementioned provisions may be also perceived differently, namely as constituting a platform enabling dialogue between the judicial organ and the sovereigns. It is asserted in particular that judges of the Court may stimulate expansion of the individual access striking a fair balance between the tendency to interpret human rights obligations of the states progressively and the relevant policy considerations echoing the more conservative approach in their perception of human rights. The paper presents such a judicial tactic as reflecting a particular environment of the international society and possibly remaining in line with international law of treaty interpretation and judicial impartiality.(original abstract)

Słowa kluczowe

PL

Prawa człowieka; Niezawisłość sędziowska; Sądy międzynarodowe

EN

Human rights; Judge independence; International courts

• Czasopismo: Studia Prawno-Ekonomiczne
• Rocznik: 2017
• Tom: 105
• Strony: 125-147

Twórcy

autor

Marek Wasiński

• Uniwersytet Łódzki

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Identyfikatory

DOI

10.26485/SPE/2017/105/8