Early Careers of Tertiary Graduates in Poland : Employability, Earnings, and Differences between Public and Private Higher Education

• Autorzy: Tomasz Zając , Mikołaj Jasiński , Marek Bożykowski
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Poland's system of higher education has expanded rapidly in the last quarter century. Not all graduates of the massified educational system have succeeded in the labor market. Part of the public debate regarding the labor market performance of graduates focuses on the performance of graduates who attended private institutions and part-time programs. As yet, there has been no detailed research into the career paths of recent university graduates in Poland, let alone a comprehensive investigation of the differences between the performance of graduates of various types of studies. In this paper, we present the newly created Polish Graduate Tracking System. We use data from the system to evaluate the labor market performance of recent graduates and to demonstrate the differences between graduates of public and private education. Overall, the privately educated graduates fare better on the labor market, but a more in-depth analysis shows that this could be attributed to their strategy of early entry into the labor market. (original abstract)

Słowa kluczowe

PL

Szkolnictwo wyższe; Rynek pracy; Absolwenci szkół wyższych

EN

Higher education; Labour market; Higher education graduates

• Czasopismo: Polish Sociological Review
• Rocznik: 2018
• Numer: nr 2 (202)
• Strony: 187-208

Twórcy

autor

Tomasz Zając

• University of Warsaw

autor

Mikołaj Jasiński

• University of Warsaw

autor

Marek Bożykowski

• University of Warsaw

Bibliografia

• Ahlin, L., Andersson, M., & Thulin, P. 2014. Market Thickness and the Early Labour Market Career of University Graduates: An Urban Advantage? Spatial Economic Analysis 9(4): 396-419. https://doi.org/10.1080/17421772.2014.961534
• Arak, P., Lewandowski, P., & Żakowiecki, P. 2014. Dual labour market in Poland-proposals for overcoming the deadlock Dual labour market in Poland-proposals for overcoming the deadlock (IBS Policy Paper No. 01/2014). Warsaw.
• Bakker, B.F.M., & Daas, P.J.H. 2012. Methodological challenges of register-based research. Statistica Neerlandica 66(1), 2-7. https://doi.Org/10.1111/j.1467-9574.2011.00505.x
• Ballarino, G., & Вratti, M. 2009. Field of Study and University Graduates Early Employment Outcomes in Italy during 1995-2004. Labour 23(3): 421-457.
• Вaran, J. 2016. Negatywne skutki boomu edukacyjnego: rosnące niedopasowanie osób z wyższym wykształceniem na rynku pracy w Polsce. Retrieved August 20,2016, from http://ibs.org.pl/news/negatywne-skutki-boomu-edukacyjnego-rosnace-niedopasowanie-osob-z-wyzszym-wyksztalceniem-na-rynku-pracy-w-polsce/
• Becker, G.S. 1962. Investment in Human Capital: A Theoretical Analysis. Journal of Political Economy 70(5): 9-49.
• Вhuller, M., Mogstad, M., & Salvanes, K. 2011. Life-cycle Bias and the Returns to Schooling in Current and Lifetime Earnings (IZA Discussion Papers No. 5788). Bonn.
• Вhuller, M., Mogstad, M., & Salvanes, K.G. 2014. Life Cycle Earnings, Education Premiums and Internal Rates of Return (NBER Working Paper Series No. 20250). Cambridge, MA. https://doi.org/10.3386/w20250
• Blackaby, D.H., Murphy, P.D., & O'Leary, N.C. 1999. Graduate Earnings in Great Britain: a Matter of Degreel Applied Economics Letters 6: 311-315. https://doi.org/10.1080/135048599353302
• Вoulhоl, H. 2014. Making the Labour Market Work Better in Poland (OECD Economics Department Working Papers). OECD Economics Department Working Papers.
• Bożykowski, M., Dwórznik, M., Giermanowska, E., Izdebski, A., Jasiński, M., Konieczna-Salamatin, J., Zająс, Т. 2014. Monitorowanie losów absolwentów uczelni wyższych z wykorzystaniem danych administracyjnych Zakładu Ubezpieczeń Społecznych. Raport końcowy. Warszawa: Instytut Badań Edukacyjnych.
• Bożykowski, M., Izdebski, A., Jasiński, M., Konieczna-Sałamatin, J., Styczeń, M., & Zając, T. 2014. Educational and occupational progression-following graduates from the University of Warsaw. Edukacja 6(131): 23-38.
• Brown, P., Lauder, H., & Ashton, D. 2011. The Global Auction: the Broken Promises of Education, Jobs, and Incomes. New York: Oxford University Press.
• Card, D. 1999. The Causal Effect of Education on Earnings, in: O. Ashenfelter & D. Card (Eds.), Handbook of Labor Economics (Vol. 3, pp. 1801-1863). Amsterdam: Elsevier Science B.V. https://doi.org/10.1016/SI573-4463(99)03011-4
• СВOS [Public Opinion Research Center]. 2013. Studia Wyższe - Dla kogo, po co i z jakim skutkiem. Komunikat z badań BS/92/2013. Warszawa.
• Chetty R., Friedman, J.N., Saez, E., Turner, N., Treasury, U.S., & Yagan, D. 2017. Mobility Report Cards: The Role of Colleges in Intergenerational Mobility, Working Paper.
• Chevalier, A., Harmon, С., Walker, I., & Zhu, Y. 2004. Does Education Raise Productivity, or Just Reflect it? The Economic Journal 114(499).
• Dale, S., & Krueger, A.B. 2011. Estimating the Return to Collage Selectivity over the Career using Administrative Earnings Data (NBER Working Paper Series No. 17159). Cambridge, MA. https://doi.org/10.1017/CB09781107415324.004
• Danish Agency for Science Technology and Innovation. 2012. The Effect of the Industrial PhD Programme on Employment and Income. Copenhagen.
• Davis J., & Mazumder, B. 2011. An Analysis of sample selection and the reliability of using short-term earnings averages in SIPP-SSA matched data (CES Working Paper No. 11-39). Washington, DC.
• Dore, R.P. 1976. The diploma disease: education, qualification, and development. Berkeley: University of California Press.
• European Commission/EACEA/Eurydice, & European Comission. 2014. Modernisation of Higher Education in Europe: Access Retention and Employability 2014. Eurydice report. American Salon (Vol. 137). Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, https://doi.org/10.2797/88677
• Frederiksen, A., & Kato, Т. 2011. Human Capital and Career Success: Evidence from Linked Employer-Employee Data (IZA Discussion Papers No. 5764). Bonn. https://doi.org/101:l-2-ll-6202197
• Gaebel, M., Hauschildt, K., Mühleck, К., & Smidt, H. 2012. Tracking Learners' and Graduates' Progression Paths. TRACKIT. Brussels: European University Association.
• Garteil, M. 2012. The college-to-work transition during the 1990s: evidence from Sweden. Applied Economics 44(11): 1449-1469. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2010.543078
• Goldthorpe, J.H. 2014. The role of education in intergenerational social mobility: Problems from empirical research in sociology and some theoretical pointers from economics. Rationality and Society 26(3): 265- 289. https://doi.org/10.1177/1043463113519068
• Görlitz, K., & Grave, B.S. 2012. Wage Differentials by Field of Study. The Case of German University Graduates (Ruhr Economic Papers No. 316) (Vol. 316). http://dx.doi.org/10.4419/86788363
• Grotkowska, G. 2011. The Employability and Mobility of Bachelor Graduates in Poland, in: H. Schomburg & U. Teichler (Eds.), Employability and Mobility of Bachelor Graduates in Europe. Key Results of the Bologna Process. Rotterdam/Boston/Taipei: Sense Publishers, pp. 209-227.
• Guggenberger, H., Keplinger, M., & Unger, M. 2011. Moving to the Bologna Structure: Facing Challenges in the Austrian Higher Education System, in: H. Schomburg & U. Teichler (Eds.), Employability and Mobility of Bachelor Graduates in Europe. Key Results of the Bologna Process. Rotterdam/Boston/Taipei: Sense Publishers, pp. 43-68.
• GUS. [Central Statistical Office] 2015a. Higher Education Institutions and their Finances in 2014. Warszawa.
• GUS. 2015b. Labour force survey in Poland - I quarter 2015. Warszawa. https://doi.org/10.1017/CB09781107415324.004
• GUS. 2016a. Higher Education Institutions and their Finances in 2015. Warszawa.
• GUS. 2016b. Labour Force Survey in Poland. Iguarter 2016. Warszawa.
• GUS. 2016c. Monitoring Rynku Pracy. Miesięczna informacja o bezrobociu rejestrowanym w Polsce w grudniu 2015 roku. Warszawa.
• GUS. 2016d. Pracujący w nietypowych formach zatrudnienia. Warszawa.
• GUS. 2016e. Statistical Bulletin. No 6 (704). Warszawa.
• Hauschildt, K., Gwosć, С., Netz, N., & Mishra, S. 2015. Social and Economic Conditions of Student Life in Europe. Synopsis of Indicators \ EUROSTUDENT V 2012-2015. Bielefeld: DZHW. https://doi.org/10.3278/6001920bw
• Herbst, M., & Rok, J. 2014. Equity in an Educational Boom: Lessons from the Expansion and Marketisation of Tertiary Schooling in Poland. European Journal of Education 49(3): 435-450. https://doi.org/10.l111/ejed.12068
• Hout, M. 2012. Social and Economic Returns to College Education in the United States. Annual Review of Sociology 38: 37. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.012809.102503
• Jasiński, M., Bożykowski, M., Zając, Т., Styczeń, M., & Izdebski, А. 2015. Dokładniej, rzetelniej, taniej. Badania oparte na rejestrach publicznych jako szansa dla badań społecznych w Polsce, Studia Socjologiczne 1(216).
• Jasiński, M., Zając, Т., Styczeń, M., & Izdebski, A. 2012. Wykorzystanie danych administracyjnych Zakładu Ubezpieczeń Społecznych i uczelni do monitorowania losów absolwentów uczelni wyższych. Zarządzanie Publiczne 3(19): 49-60.
• Kiersztуn, A. 2013. Stuck in a Mismatch? The Persistence of Overeducation during Twenty Years of the Post-Communist Transition in Poland, Economics of Education Review 32(1): 78-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2012.09.009
• Kim, C., Tamborini, C.R., & Sakamoto, A. 2015. Field of Study in College and Lifetime Earnings in the United States, Sociology of Education 88(4): 320-339. https://doi.org/10.1177/0038040715602132
• Kramarz, F., & Skans, O.N. 2014. When Strong Ties are Strong: Networks and Youth Labour Market Entry, Review of Economic Studies 81(3): 1164-1200. https://doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdt049
• KRUS. 2016. KRUS w liczbach, https://www.krus.gov.pl/krus/krus-w-liczbach/. Accessed on 2 Aug. 2016.
• Kwiek, M. 2009. The Two Decades of Privatization in Polish Higher Education. Cost-Sharing, Equity, and Access, in: J. Knight (ed.), Financing Access and Equity in Higher Education. Rotterdam/Boston/Taipei: Sense Publishers, pp. 149-168.
• Lee, J.-W., & Lee, H. 2016. Human Capital in the Long Run, Journal of Development Economics 122: 147-169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2016.05.006
• Marciniak, Z., Chmielecka, E., Kraśniewski, A., & Saryusz-Wolski, T. 2014. Self-Certification Report of the National Qualifications Framework for Higher Education. Warszawa: Instytut Badań Edukacyjnych.
• MсMahon, W.W. 2009. Higher Learning, Greater Good. The Private and Social Benefits of Higher Education. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
• McNabb, J., Jimmons, D., Song, J., & Puckett, C. 2009. Uses of Administrative Data at the Social Security Administration, Social Security Bulletin 69: 75-84.
• Mincer, J. 1958. Investment in Human Capital and Personal Income Distribution, Journal of Political Economy 66(A): 281-302.
• Ministerstwo Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wyższego. 2013. Szkolnictwo wyższe w Polsce 2013. Warszawa.
• Montenegro, C.E., & Patrinos, H.A. 2014. Comparable Estimates of Returns to Schooling around the World (English) (Policy Research working paper No. WPS 7020). Washington, DC: World Bank Group. Retrieved from http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/830831468147839247/Comparable-estimates-of-returns-to-schooling-around-the-world
• OECD. 2013. Education at a Glance 2013. OECD Indicators. OECD Publishing, https://doi.org/10.1787/eag-2013-en
• OECD. 2015. Education at a Glance 2015: OECD Indicators. OECD Publishing.
• Oliver, D. 2011. University Student Employment and Expectations of the Graduate Labour Market, Journal of Industrial Relations 53(1): 123-131. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022185610390301
• Oreopoulos, P., von Waehter, Т., & Heisz, A. 2006. The Short- and Long-Term Career Effects of Graduating in a Recession: Hysteresis and Heterogeneity in the Market for College Graduates (NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES No. 12159). Cambridge, MA.
• Pańków, M. 2012. Młodzi na rynku pracy. Warsaw. https://doi.org/10.1177/1103308813488808
• Pascarella, E.T., & Теrеnz i ni, PT. 2005. How College Affects Students. Volume 2: A third Decade of Research. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
• Perspektywy. 2016. Ranking Uczelni Akademickich 2016. Retrieved January 1, 2017, from http://www.perspektywy.pl/RSW2016/ranking-uczelni-akademickich
• Piróg, D. 2013. Absolwenci szkół wyższych na rynku pracy w warunkach kryzysu, Przedsiębiorczość - Edukacja 9: 302-316.
• Reisei, L. 2013. Is More always Better? Early Career Returns to Education in the United States and Norway. Research in Social Stratification and Mobility 31(1): 49-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rssm.2012.10.002
• Rokicka, M., Kłobuszewska, M., Pałczyńska, M., Shapoval, N., & Stasiowski, J. 2015. Composition and Cumulative Disadvantage of Youth across Europe (EXCEPT Working Papers). Tallinn.
• Rose, S. 2013. The Value of a College Degree, Change: The Magazine of Higher Learning 45(6): 24-33. https://doi.org/10.1080/00091383.2013.842101
• Schultz, T.W. 1961. Investment in Human Capital, The American Economic Review 51(1): 1-17.
• Scurry, Т., & Вlenkinsоpp, J. 2011. Under-employment among recent graduates: a review of the literature, Personnel Review 40(5): 643-659. https://doi.org/10.l 108/00483481111154487
• Spence, M. 1973. Job Market Signaling, The Quarterly Journal of Economics 87(3): 355-374. https://doi.org/10.2307/1882010
• Statistics Finland. 2004. Use of Registers and Administrative Data Sources for Statistical Purposes: Best Practices at Statistics Finland. Handbooks. Helsinki.
• Statistics Finland. 2017. Official Statistics of Finland (OSF): Transition from School to further Education and Work [e-publication]. Helsinki.
• Statistics Sweden. 2017. Longitudinal Integration Database for Health Insurance and Labour Market Studies. Retrieved January 22, 2017, from http://www.scb.se/lisa-en/
• Stiglitz, J.E. 1975. The Theory of "Screening," Education, and the Distribution of Income, The American Economic Review 65(3): 283-300.
• Tamborini, C.R., Kim, C., & Sakamoto, A. 2015. Education and Lifetime Earnings in the United States, Demography 52(4): 1383-1407. https://doi.org/10.1007/sl3524-015-0407-0
• Teichler, U. 2009. Higher Education and the World of Work: Conceptual Frameworks, Comparative Perspectives, Empirical Findings. Rotterdam: Sense Publ.
• Timmermans, B.2010. The Danish Integrated Database for Labor Market Research: Towards Demystification for the English Speaking Audience (DRUID Working Paper No. 10-16).
• Tomlinson, M. 2017. Introduction: Graduate Employability in Context: Charting a Complex, Contested and Multi-Faceted Policy and Research Field, in: M. Tomlinson & L. Holmes (eds.), Graduate Employability in Context. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-57168-7
• United Nations Economic Commission for Europe. 2007. Register-based Statistics in the Nordic Countries. Review of Best Practices with Focus on Population and Social Statistics. Geneva: United Nations.
• van de Werfhorst, H.G. 2004. Systems of Educational Specialization and Labor Market Outcomes in Norway, Australia, and The Netherlands, International Journal of Comparative Sociology 45(5): 315-335. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020715204054154
• Wallgren, A., & Wallgren, B. 2007. Register-based Statistics. Administrative Data for Statistical Purposes. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.
• ZUS. 2016. Ważniejsze informacje z zakresu ubezpieczeń społecznych 2015 r. Warszawa.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.26412/psr202.03