Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
Abstrakty
Eko-wydajność może być scharakteryzowany następująco: dobra i usługi mogą zostać wyprodukowane przy użyciu mniejszej ilości energii, zasobów i mniejszej emisji odpadków. Należy pozwolić, żeby możliwości produkcyjne gospodarki były determinowane przez modele typu wejście-wyjście, poszerzone o nakłady pierwotne, generację zanieczyszczeń i spadek zanieczyszczenia. Stopień w jakim wektor produkcji netto może być poszerzony dla danych nakładów pierwotnych i standardów środowiskowych, może być uznany za miarę braku eko-wydajności. Można to również osiągnąć przez obniżenie nakładów pierwotnych dla danych standardów środowiskowych i żądań ostatecznych. (AT)
Eco-efficiency can be characterised as follows: goods and services can be produced with less energy and resources and less waste emission. Let the production possibility frontier of an economy be determined by the input-output model extended by primary inputs, pollution generation and abatement. The degree by which a net-output vector could be extended for given primary inputs and environmental standards can be considered as a measure of eco-inefficiency. This could equivalently be achieved by a reduction of primary inputs for given environmental standards and given final demand. In the first part of the paper radial and slack based measures of eco-efficiency are derived. In the second part the authors propose another approach based on the construction of a production possibility frontier. For this purpose a multi-objective optimization problem with maximisation of final demand for each commodity subject to constraints on the primary inputs is formulated. Then, using data envelopment analysis with the production possibility frontier as the standard envelope, the eco-efficiency of an economy is estimated. The eco-efficiency values for the radial efficiency measure and the one based on the DEA model coincide. A demonstration of the viability of these methods and their relationships is given using input-output from Austria and NAMEA data.
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
121-135
Opis fizyczny
Twórcy
autor
- Vienna University of Economics and Business, Austria
autor
- Vienna University of Technology, Austria
Bibliografia
- Böhm B.. Gleiss A., Wagner M., Ziegler D.: Disaggregated Capital Stock Estimation for Austria - Methods, Concepts and Results. "Applied Economics"' 2002, 34, pp. 23-37.
- Cooper W.W., Seiford L.M., Tone K.: Data Envelopment Analysis. A Comprehensive Text with Models, Applications, References and DEA-Solver Software. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston-Dordrecht-London 2000.
- Debreu G.: The Coefficient of Resource Utilization. "Econometrica" 1951, 19, No 3. pp. 273-292.
- Golany B.. Roll Y.: Incorporating Standards via DEA. In: Data Envelopment Analysis: Theory, Methodology, and Application. Eds. A. Charnes et al. Chapter 16. Kluwer, Boston-Dordrecht-London 1994.
- Korhonen P., Luptäcik M.: Eco-Efficiency Analysis of Power Plants: An Extension of Data Envelopment Analysis. "European Journal of Operational Research'' 2004, 154, pp. 437-446.
- Leontief W.: Environmental Repercussions and the Economic Structure - An Input--Output Approach. "Review of Economics and Statistics 52" 1970, 3, pp. 262--271.
- Luptäcik M.: Eco-Efficiency of an Economy. In: Modeling and Control of Economic Systems 2001. Ed. R. Neck. A Proceedings volume from the 10th IF AC Symposium Klagenfurt, Austria, 6-8 September 2001, Elsevier IFAC Publications.
- Luptäcik M., Böhm B.: Reconsideration of Non-Negative Solutions for the Augmented Leontief Model. "Economic Systems Research 6" 1994, No 2, pp. 167--170.
- Luptäcik M., Böhm B.: The Analysis of Eco-Efficiency in an Input-Output Frame-Work. Paper presented at the Ninth European Workshop on Efficiency and Productivity Analysis (EWEPA IX), Brussels 2005, June 29th to July 2nd.
- Statistik Austria. Input Output Tabelle 1995, Wien 2001. Statistik Austria and Federal Environment Agency. NAMEA - Luftschadstoffe. Zeitreihen 1980-1997, Wien 2000.
- ten Raa T.: Linear Analysis of Competitive Economics. LSE Handbooks in Economics. Harvester Wheatsheaf, New York-London-Amsterdam 1995.
- Wolf M.E., Fürhacker M.: NAMEAs für Wasser und Abfall 1994. "Statistische Nachrichten" 1999, No 7, pp. 553-564.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikatory
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.ekon-element-000163703142