Efektywność banków spółdzielczych w Polsce jako determinanta ich konkurencyjności

• Autorzy: Jan Szambelańczyk , Mariusz Mielnik

Warianty tytułu

Effectiveness of Poland's Cooperative Banks as a Determinant of their Competitiveness

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

Artykuł przedstawia procesy konsolidacyjne banków spółdzielczych w Polsce w latach 1997-2003 przez pryzmat kryteriów efektywnościowych, zastosowanych do analizy danych sprawozdawczych z tego okresu. Analizy prowadzone są z perspektywy efektywności jako jednego z podstawowych czynników konkurencyjności banku na rynku usług finansowych.

EN

This paper presents a study of efficiency and performance in 599 Polish cooperative banks (cbs) over the period 1997-2003. A non-parametric frontier analysis (DEA) is applied to estimate the relative efficiency of cbs which perform different kinds of activity. Two kinds of cbs activity were considered: commercial and cooperative. For the former one, two behavioral models were used: intermediation (called the in paper "model pośrednika") and manager (called "model menedżera"). In the intermediation approach cooperative banks were thought to be intermediators, converting and transferring financial assets between savers and investors, with consideration of costs minimization which are typical approach conceptualizations of financial institutions behaviour. Manager approach regards banks as optimizers of interest income and other income subject to interest expenses and other expenses. For the cooperative activity, two behavioral models were also used: stakeholder - in the paper called "interesariusza" (the key issue is the allocation of benefits between savers and borrowers) and the shareholder model - in the paper called "udziałowca" that was especially prepared for open cooperative banks (the crucial aspect was apart from allocation of benefits as in the customer model, the maximization of member benefits). We analyze cbs consolidation in Poland in the aspect of efficiency and performance (through ROA and C/I - costs to income) and economies of scale (through C/TA - costs to total assets). The results may be summarized as follows: · Increase in overall efficiency (between 1997 and 2003) which points out that managers of cbs improve cost minimization of activity. However, the economic magnitude of estimated efficiency is found to be very low. · Large disproportions in efficiency of banks among different aspects of activities, first of all, reveal lack or weaknesses of policy and/or strategy, and secondly, lack of harmonization in their activities. · Not differentiated advantage in typical cooperative activity for customer (stakeholder) and shareholder. · Increase in efficiency distance (in period of research) between passive (cbs not merging or merged) and active (remaining independent) cooperative banks - on advantage the former. · Very weak potential saving costs resulting from economies of scale (based on C/TA analysis). This suggests that cooperative banks management should not apply merger by itself as a means of reducing costs. · Advantage in ROA range in small cooperative banks (higher than in remaining banks). · Consolidation processes resulting mainly from regulatory requirements do not lead to efficiency improvement. Cooperative banks in Poland possess diverse reserves of economic potential, both with reference to those of best standards in the country, as well as in international comparisons, which can perhaps influence their competitiveness. (original abstracts)

Słowa kluczowe

PL

Banki spółdzielcze; Konsolidacja banków; Ocena działalności banku; Pomiar efektywności

EN

Cooperative banks; Bank consolidation; Assessment of banking performances; Efficiency measurement

• Czasopismo: Prace Naukowe Akademii Ekonomicznej we Wrocławiu
• Rocznik: 2006
• Numer: nr 1128 Wpływ norm ostrożnościowych na ograniczanie ryzyka w działalności banku spółdzielczego
• Strony: 58-80

Twórcy

autor

Jan Szambelańczyk

autor

Mariusz Mielnik

Bibliografia

• Banker R.D., Charnes A., Cooper W. W., Some Models for Estimating Technical and Scale Efficiencies in Data Envelopment Analysis, "Management Science" 1984, nr 30(9), s. 1078-1092.
• Charnes A., Cooper W. W., Rhodes E., Measuring the Efficiency of Decision Making Units, "European Journal of Operational Research" 1978, nr 2, s. 429-444.
• Farrell M.J., The Measurement of Productive Efficiency, "Journal of the Royal Statistical Society", Series A, General 1957, nr 120, s. 253-281.
• Schure P., Wagenvoort R., Economies of Scale and Efficiency in European Ranking: New Evidence, Economic and Financial Report 1999/01, European Investment Bank, (publikowany na stronie internetowej: www .eib.org/efs/pubs.htm: http://www.eib.org/ Attachments/efs/efr99n01.pdt), s.1-53.