Konserwacja wielkich zabytków antycznych Rzymu w latach 1981-1987

• Autorzy: Stępień Piotr

Warianty tytułu

EN

THE CONSERVTION OF GREAT ANTIQUE MONUMENTS IN ROME IN 1981-1987

• Języki publikacji: PL EN

Abstrakty

EN

Basing on the information compiled during his fellowship abroad, the author describes conservation work done on monuments of architecture of ancient Rome, belonging to two groups. The first of them covers large monuments in marble: columns, triumphal archs, and relics of temples. The work is done by teams of Bruno Zanardi (Trajan’s Column), Carlo Giantomassi (Constantine’s Arch), Roberto Nardi (Arch of Septimius Severus), Angelo and Marina Alessandri (Hadrianeum), Gianluigi Collalucci (Temple of Kastor and Polluks), Sabina Vedovello — CBC (Column of Marcus Aurelius), all of them supervised by Soprintendenza Archeologica di Roma and Istituto Centrale del Restauro. A long period of documentation and research work (5 years) allowed for a thorough analysis of conservation problems. One of the most important tasks was to identify "one colour’’ layers on the surface of the stone that played a protective function and contained calcium oxalate. Proper conservation work carried out since 1986 includes cleansing of the surface of marble (methods employed include nebulization, atomization, alkaline dressings, minute micro sand-blasting), consolidation (on a large scale by means of traditional lime technology and in some chosen places — acryl resins and esthers of silicon acid) as well as minor make-ups of the missing parts (based mainly on lime mortars). As yet no final decision has been taken up with regard to surface protection; still, the use of traditional or modified lime coatings gets more and more advocates. The second group of structures are ruins of large ancient structures, of which merely constructional bricked walls have been preserved. Conservation work done in recent years has covered, i.a., Baths of Diocletian, Baths of Caracallo, Colosseum, ruins of palace complexes of Palatine and the adjoining aqueduct, a temple of Roma and Venus. In the first place the work covered filling-up of bricked facings and makina of protective layers on the crowning of walls at the vaultings using traditional techniques and marking unobtrusively reconstructed places. The work discussed reflects characteristic changes in conservation practice: come-back to traditional technologies (following a period in which synthetic preparations dominated) and a proper appreciation a new of the role of protective layers. It seems that these trends will prevail in the coming years as well.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

konserwacja zabytków antycznych Rzymu; konserwacja zabytków kamiennych; problemy konserwatorskie zabytków marmurowych; usuwanie nawarstwień; konsolidacja marmuru; metody wzmacniania kamienia; zabezpieczenie marmuru przed czynnikami atmosferycznymi

• Wydawca: Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
• Czasopismo: Ochrona Zabytków
• Rocznik: 1988
• Numer: 4
• Strony: 235-243

Daty

wydano

1988

Twórcy

autor

Stępień Piotr

• mgr inż. arch., PP PKZ — Kierownictwo Odnowienia Zamku Królewskiego na Wawelu

Bibliografia

• Con f o r t o M. L., Mar t i nes G., Mel uc co Vacc a r o A., Materia e storia nella metodologia di un intervento: il restauro dei monumenti marmorei romani, W: Manutenzione e conservazione del costruito ira tradizione ed innovazione. Convegno di Studi. Bressanone 1986.
• G r a t z i u C., Primi dati sulle caratteriStiche petrografiche e stratigrafiche delle patine ad ossalato di calcio sui monumenti marmorei romani: W: Manutenzione..., op. cit., Bressanone 1986.
• A l e s s a n d ri A. e M., C a m p i s i М., С о I a I u с с i G., C o n t i C., Z a n a r d i B., Osservazioni sugli strati monocromi presenti sui monumenti romani antichi e sulla lettura di alcune ionti. W: Manutenzione..., op. cit., Bressanone 1986.
• N a r d i R., Conservation of the Arch of Septimus Severus: Work in Progress, W: Case Studies in the Conservation of Stone and Wall Paintings, IIC Bologna Congress, 1986.
• С о n t i C., R a V a A., T o r r a c a G., V e d o v e l l o S., II consolidamento della pietra nella dimensione del grande cantiere: metodi inorganici ed organici su superfici marmoree. W: Manutenzione..., op. cit., Bressanone 1986.
• V e d о V e I I o S., Lo schema di rilevamento e restituzione grafica dei dati nel progetto di conoscenza e conservazione dei monumenti romani, „Bollettino d'Arte" 1986, nr 35-36.
• A l e s s a n d r i A., A I e s s a n d ri M. P., II restauro delle colonne dell'Adrianeo. „Bollettino d’Arte” 1986, nr 35-36.
• Gu i d o b a l d i F., Tabasso Laur enz i M., Meuc c i C., Monumenti in marmo di epoca imperiale a Roma. Indagine sui residui di trattamenti superficiali. „Bollettino d’Arte" 1984, nr 24.
• Opisywane prace omawiane były w następujących referatach na Konferencji Naukowej Canadian Academic Centre in Italy „Rame-Tradition, Innovation and Reneval” w Rzymie, 8— 13 czerwca 1987 r.:
• — M e l u c c o V a c c a r o A .,Il cantiere dei grandi monumenti marmorei romani: Materia e immagine nella problematica teorica e filologica e nella scelta di interventi.
• — G i a n t o m a s s i C., N a r d i R., Impiego dei materiali tradizionali recupero dell immagine: gli archi di Constantino e di Septimo Severo.
• — To r ra с a G., C o n t i C., Materiali per la protezzione finale di superfici lapidee: criteri conservativi e compatibilita estetiche.
• — C a m p i s i М., D e l i v r e r J., Z a n a r d i В., La fortuna della Colonna Traiana e probierni della sua conservazione: il contributo delle antiche calcature secondo un approccio tradizionale e con techniche computerizzate.
• — Pi e t r a r oi a P., Triumphalis et Sacra Nunc Sum: la consacrazione sistina della colonna di Marco Aurelio e L'opera di Silla Longo e compani scultori sui monumento.

Identyfikatory

ISSN

0029-8247