Aspirované souhlásky v čínštině a v angličtině

• Autorzy: Hana Třísková

Warianty tytułu

EN

ASPIRATED CONSONANTS IN MANDARIN CHINESE AND ENGLISH

• Języki publikacji: CS

Abstrakty

EN

The article treats the phenomenon of aspiration in Mandarin Chinese and English within a broader linguistic context. The topics discussed are (1) both the general and language-specific articulatory and acoustic make-up of aspirated consonants (long overall duration, tense articulation, long VOT; the alternative sources of aspiration friction are recalled, as opposed to a common view emphasizing mainly the glottal friction) and (2) the dissimilar functioning of aspiration in English and Mandarin Chinese (English: a secondary phonetic feature of stops /p/, /t/, /k/ in particular positions; Chinese: an essential distinctive feature of the consonantal subsystem operating in three pairs of stops and three pairs of affricates). After reviewing possible options for making phonological contrast in stops (and affricates) employing the laryngeal phonological features [± voiced] and [± aspirated], the author presents cross-linguistically manifold ways of phonetic realizations of the phonological categories chosen by a particular language (the polarization principle, Magnet Model Theory and Trubetzkoy’s “phonological sieve” are introduced as a possible explanation of the diversity). The author points out that the described complexity causes numerous problems in consonant production and perception in second language learning, the mistakes being diverse depending on the native language of the student.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

aspiration; Mandarin Chinese; English stops; phonetics; phonology; Mandarin stops

CS

aspirace; standardní čínština; angličtina; fonetika; fonologie; závěrové souhlásky

• Wydawca: Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Arts, Czech Republic
• Czasopismo: Časopis pro moderní filologii (Journal for Modern Philology)
• Rocznik: 2014
• Tom: 96
• Numer: 2
• Strony: 196-218

Twórcy

autor

Hana Třísková

• Orientální ústav AV ČR | Pod vodárenskou věží 4, 182 08 Praha 8, Czech Republic,