Separation as the Basic Method of Realistic Metaphysics: The Approach by the Lublin Philosophical School Representatives

• Autorzy: Duma Tomasz
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The author discusses the problem of separation as the base method of metaphysical cognition as approached by the Lublin Philosophical School representatives. He begins by showing the sources of the method, seeing them in St. Thomas Aquinas’s intuitions which were discovered only in the 20th century by those who developed the existential interpretation of Aquinas’s metaphysics (J. Maritain, É. Gilson, M. A. Krąpiec). In this context, the author draws attention to the achievements of the creators and co-creators of the Lublin Philosophical School. They made an exceptional contribution to high-lighting the very bases of the separation method and its significance for the entire metaphysical cognition. From the perspective of metaphysics, the foremost and crucial is the application of separation for identifying the object of metaphysical cognition. At stake here is the determination of the first cognitive apprehension—that is, the grasp of what the intellect cognizes as the first (primum cognitum) and what was called in the tradition “being as being” or “the concept of being.” The separation method allows, first of all, to consider the existential aspect of being in cognitive apprehensions, which is accomplished in the three stages that start with and are based on the analysis of existential judgments. Next, the author describes the application of the separation method in other domains of existential cognition, showing how indispensable the method is in preserving such inherent features of this type of cognition as transcendentalness, directness, realism, and analogicalness.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Lublin Philosophical School; separation; metaphysical cognition; metaphysics; primum cognitum; existential judgment; transcendentalness; directness; realism; analogicalness

• Wydawca: International Étienne Gilson Society
• Czasopismo: Studia Gilsoniana
• Rocznik: 2021
• Tom: 10
• Numer: 3
• Strony: 611-633

Daty

wydano

2021-09-30

Twórcy

autor

Duma Tomasz

• John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Poland

Bibliografia

• Aquinatis, S. Thomae. Expositio super librum Boethii De Trinitate. Cura et studio B. Decker. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1965.
• Blanché, F. A. La théorie de l’abstraction chez S. Thomas d’Aquin. Paris: J. Vrin, 1935.
• Chudy, Wojciech. “Poznanie istnienia (bytu) w ujęciu tomistów egzystencjalnych (dokończenie) [The Cognition of the Existence (of Being) as Viewed by Existential Thomists (completion)],” Studia Philosophiae Christianae 18, no. 2 (1982): 41–69.
• Czeżowski, Tadeusz. O metafizyce, jej kierunkach i zagadnieniach [On Metaphysics, Its Directions and Questions]. Kęty: Antyk, 2004.
• Geiger, Louis-Bertrand. “Abstraction et separation d’après S. Thomas.” Revue des Sciences Philosophiques et Théologiques 31 (1947): 3–40.
• Geiger, Louis-Bertrand. La participation dans la philosophie de S. Thomas d’Aquin. Paris: J. Vrin, 1942.
• Gilson, Étienne. Being and Some Philosophers. Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies, 1952, 2nd edition.
• Gondek, Aleksandra. “Egzystencjalny sąd [Existential Judgment].” In Powszechna Encyklopedia Filozofii [The Universal Encyclopedia of Philosophy], vol. 3, edited by Andrzej Maryniarczyk, 45–52. Lublin: PTTA, 2002.
• Gondek, Paweł. Projekt autonomicznej filozofii realistycznej [Project of an Autonomous Realistic Philosophy]. Lublin: PTTA & Wyd. KUL, 2015.
• Kamiński, Stanisław. “Czym są w filozofii i w logice tzw. pierwsze zasady? [What Are in Philosophy and Logic so-Called First Principles],” Roczniki Filozoficzne 11, no. 1 (1963): 5–23.
• Kamiński, Stanisław. “Explanation in Metaphysics. Wyjaśnianie w metafizyce.” In idem. On the Methodology of Metaphysics. Z metodologii metafizyki, 135–203. Lublin: PTTA & Società InternazionaleTommaso d’Aquino, 2019.
• Kamiński, Stanisław. “The Methods of Contemporary Metaphysics. Metody współczesnej metafizyki.” In idem. On the Methods of Contemporary Metaphysics. Metody współczesnej metafizyki, 69–304. Translated by M. B. Stępień. Lublin: PTTA & Società InternazionaleTommaso d’Aquino, 2019.
• Klubertanz, George P. Introduction to the Philosophy of Being. Eugene, Oreg.: Wipf and Stock Publishers, 2005, 2nd edition.
• Kołodziejczyk, Sebastian T. Przewodnik po metafizyce [A Guidebook to Metaphysics]. Kraków: WAM, 2011.
• Krąpiec, Mieczysław A. Byt i istota [Being and Essence]. Lublin: RW KUL, 1994.
• Krąpiec, Mieczysław A. “Doświadczenie i metafizyka [Experience and Metaphysics].” Roczniki Filozoficzne 24, no. 1 (1976): 5–16.
• Krąpiec, Mieczysław A. “Filozofia i nauki [Philosophy and sciences].” Roczniki Filozoficzne 37–38, no. 1 (1989–1990): 171–180.
• Krąpiec, Mieczysław A. Ja–człowiek. Zarys antropologii filozoficznej [I–Man. An Outline of Philosophical Anthropology]. Lublin: RW KUL, 1991.
• Krąpiec, Mieczysław A. Metaphysics. An Outline of the Theory of Being. Translated by Theresa Sandok. New York: Peter Lang, 1991.
• Krąpiec, Mieczysław A. “O realizm metafizyki [For Realism of Metaphysics].” Zeszyty Naukowe KUL 12, no. 4 (1969): 9–20.
• Krąpiec, Mieczysław A. “Pojęcie–słowo [Concept–Word].” Roczniki Filozoficzne 26, no. 1 (1978): 83–112.
• Krąpiec, Mieczysław A. Teoria analogii bytu [The Theory of the Analogy of Being]. Lublin: RW KUL, 1993.
• Krąpiec, Mieczysław A., and Andrzej Maryniarczyk. “Metafizyka [Metaphysics].” In Powszechna Encyklopedia Filozofii [The Universal Encyclopedia of Philosophy], vol. 7, edited by Andrzej Maryniarczyk, 102–116. Lublin: PTTA, 2006.
• Krąpiec, Mieczysław A., and Andrzej Maryniarczyk. “Metaphysics in the Lublin Philosophical School.” Translated by H. McDonald. Studia Gilsoniana 5, no. 2 (2016): 391–427.
• Krąpiec, Mieczysław A., and Andrzej Maryniarczyk. “The Lublin Philosophical School: Founders, Motives, Characteristics.” Translated by H. McDonald. Studia Gilsoniana 4, no. 4 (2015): 405–422.
• Krąpiec, Mieczysław A., and Andrzej Maryniarczyk. “The Lublin Philosophical School: Historical Development and Future Prospects.” Translated by H. McDonald. Studia Gilsoniana 4, no. 4 (2015): 423–441.
• Lekka-Kowalik, Agnieszka, and Tomasz Duma. “Via ad veritatem. O metodach uprawiania filozofii w szkole lubelskiej [Via ad Veritatem. On the Methods of Philosophy in the Lublin School].” In Lubelska Szkoła Filozoficzna: Historia–Koncepcje–Spory [The Lublin Philosophical School: History–Conceptions–Controversies], edited by A. Lekka-Kowalik, P. Gondek, 147–173. Lublin: Wydawnictwo KUL, 2019.
• Leroy, Marie Vincent. “«Abstractio» et «separatio» d’après un texte controversé de saint Thomas.” RevueThomiste 48 (1948): 328–339.
• Maritain, Jacques. Short Treatise on Existence and the Existent. New York: Panteon, 1948.
• Maryniarczyk, Andrzej. Metoda metafizyki realistycznej [The Method of Realistic Metaphysics]. Lublin: Wyd. KUL, 2005.
• Maryniarczyk, Andrzej. “Podstawy rozumienia i interpretacji separacji metafizycznej [The Foundations of Understanding and Interpretation of Metaphysical Separation].” Studia Philosophiae Christianae 24, no. 2 (1988): 139–160.
• Maryniarczyk, Andrzej. “Proces wyodrębniania przedmiotu metafizyki [The Process of Identifying the Object of Metaphysics].” Studia Philosophiae Christianae 26, no. 2 (1990): 55–87.
• Maryniarczyk, Andrzej. Realistyczna interpretacja rzeczywistości [Realistic Interpretation of Reality]. Lublin: PTTA, 2005.
• Maurer, Armand A. “Introduction.” In St. Thomas Aquinas, The Division and Methods of the Sciences. Translated by A. A. Maurer, VII–XLI. Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies, 1963.
• Mazur, Piotr S. Zarys podstaw filozofii człowieka. Antropologiczne zastosowanie metody separacji [An Outline of the Foundations of Philosophy of Man: Anthropological Application of the Method of Separation]. Kraków: Akademia Ignatianum, 2016.
• Owens, Joseph. “Metaphysical Separation in Aquinas.” Mediaeval Studies 34 (1972): 287–306.
• Régis, Louis-Marie. Epistemology. Translated by I. M. Byrne. New York 1959.
• Renard, Henri. “What is St. Thomas’ Approach to Metaphysics?” The New Scholasticism 30 (1956): 67–80.
• Robert, D. J. “La Métaphysique, science distinct de toute autre discipline philosophique selon s. Thomas d’Aquin.” Divus Thomas 50 (1947): 206–223.
• Schmidt, Robert W. “L’Emploi de la Separation en Metaphysique.” Revue Philosophique de Louvain 58 (1960): 373–393.
• Stępień, Antoni B. “Rola doświadczenia w punkcie wyjścia metafizyki [The Role of Experience at the Starting Point of Metaphysics].” Zeszyty Naukowe KUL 17, no. 4 (1974): 29–37.
• Stępień, Antoni B. Wprowadzenie do metafizyki [Introduction to Metaphysics]. Kraków: Znak, 1964.
• Wippel, John F. “Metaphysics and ‘Separatio’ According to Thomas Aquinas.” The Review of Metaphysics 31, no. 3 (1978): 431–470.
• Zdybicka, Zofia. Partycypacja bytu. Próba wyjaśnienia relacji między światem a Bogiem [Participation of Being. An Attempt at Explaining the Relation between the World and God]. Lublin: PTTA, 2017.