Measurement of nonlinear and Doppler distortion in Distributed Mode Loudspeakers

• Autorzy: Czesak, Karol , Kleczkowski, Piotr
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Distributed Mode Loudspeakers (DMLs), as other electroacoustic transducers with electrodynamic excitation, are susceptible to the occurrence of nonlinear distortion. The literature on nonlinear distortion in DMLs is scarce. The vibrations of the DML panel are very small in amplitude, thus the coil excursion of the exciter is low, which is a favorable condition for low nonlinear distortion. The scope of this paper covers investigation of harmonic and intermodulation distortion, occurring in the DML. The harmonic distortion was examined with two methods and the intermodulation distortion - with three, including one author’s proposed method. The result indicate, that nonlinear distortion in DMLs may be a bigger problem than those in diaphragm loudspeakers.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

DML; loudspeaker characteristics; loudspeaker measurements; nonlinear distortion; Doppler effect

• Czasopismo: International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
• Rocznik: 2024
• Tom: Vol. 70, No. 2
• Strony: 443--448
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 11 poz., rys., tab., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Czesak, Karol

• AGH University of Science and Technology, al. Mickiewicza 30,. 30-059 Kraków,

autor

Kleczkowski, Piotr

• AGH University of Science and Technology, al. Mickiewicza 30,. 30-059 Kraków,

Bibliografia

• [1] M. Colloms, V. Gontcharov, J. Panzer, and V. Taylor: „ Distortion Mechanisms of Distributed-Mode Loudspeakers (Compared with Direct Pistonic Radiators; Modeling, Analysis, and Measurement)” , presented at: 104th AES Convention, 1998 May 16-19 Amsterdam, Netherlands, AES, USA, 1998. http://www.aes.org/e-lib/browse.cfm?elib=8423.
• [2] R. Metzler: „Test and Calibration Applications of Multitone Signals” , presented at: 11th International Conference: Test & Measurement (May 1992), AES, USA, 1992. http://www.aes.org/e-lib/browse.cfm?elib=6291.
• [3] G. Bank, N. Harris: „The Distributed Mode Loudspeaker-Theory and Practice” , presented at: 13th UK Conference: Microphones & Loudspeakers (March 1998), AES, USA, 1998. http://www.aes.org/e-lib/browse.cfm?elib=7985.
• [4] B. Metzler, ”Audio Measurement Handbook”, Audio Precision, Beaverton, pp. 29-32, 1993.
• [5] R. C. Cabot: „ Design Factors in a Programmable Distortion Measurement System” , in: JAES Volume 32 Issue 12 pp. 964-983; December 1984, AES, USA, 1984. http://www.aes.org/e-lib/browse.cfm?elib=4466.
• [6] C. M. Bates: „ Total Harmonic Distortion Measurements in Magnetic Tape Equipment” , presented at: 70th AES Convention, 1981 October 30 - November 2, New York, NY, USA AES, USA, 1981. http://www.aes.org/e-lib/browse.cfm?elib=10249.
• [7] Wang, Hongwei. (2020). Measurements of Various Intermodulation Distortions (IMD, TD+N, DIM) using Multi-Instrument. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.24792.72968.
• [8] I. Dennis and G. Boswell, “dScope Series III M1 Operation Manual”, Spectral Measurements Prism Media Products Ltd, Cambridgeshire, UK, 2020.
• [9] R. Allison and E. Villchur: „ On the Magnitude and Audibility of FM Distortion in Loudspeakers” , in: JAES Volume 30 Issue 10 pp. 694-700; October 1, 1982, AES, USA, 1982. http://www.aes.org/e-lib/browse.cfm?elib=3816.
• [10] R. Allison and E. Villchur: „ The Audibility of Doppler Distortion in Loudspeakers” , presented at: 69th AES Convention, 1981 May 12 - 15, Los Angeles, California, USA, AES, USA, 1981. http://www.aes.org/e-lib/browse.cfm?elib=11984.
• [11] C. Minsung, E. Prokofieva, J. Munoz and M. Barker: „ Improvement of Sound Quality by Means of Ultra-Soft Elastomer for the Gel Type Inertia Driven DML Type Transducer” , presented at: 128th AES Convention, 2010 May 22 - 25, London, UK, AES, USA, 2010. http://www.aes.org/e-lib/browse.cfm?elib=15304.

Uwagi

This work was supported by research subsidy of The Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics, AGH University, no. 16.16.130.942.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.24425/ijet.2024.149564