Earthquake-related Electric Field Changes Observed in the Ionosphere and Ground

• Autorzy: Fan, Y. , Du, X. , An, Z. , Liu, J. , Tan, D. , Chen, J.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The changes of the ionospheric electric field before and after four huge earthquakes, which include the Ms 8.7 earthquake of 2004 and the Ms 8.5 earthquake of 2005 in Sumatra of Indonesia, the Ms 8.0 Wenchuan earthquake of 2008 in China, the Ms 8.8 earthquake of 2010 in Chile, and their strong aftershocks are studied in this paper. The significant results revealed that the power spectral density of low-frequency electric field below 20 Hz in the ionosphere, a kind of electromagnetic radiation phenomena, increased abnormally before and after the earthquakes and partially corresponded to the increased power spectral density of the low-frequency geoelectric field in time. This research preliminarily indicates that the low-frequency electromagnetic radiation during the imminent stages before such earthquakes could be detected by the observation of the ionospheric electric field. However, the spatial, temporal, and intensive complexities of the electric field anomalies in the ionosphere before earthquakes have come in sight also.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

jonosfera; satelita; pole elektryczne; trzęsienie ziemi; zmiany

EN

ionosphere; satellite; electric field; earthquake; changes

• Czasopismo: Acta Geophysica
• Rocznik: 2015
• Tom: Vol. 63, no. 3
• Strony: 679--697
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 50 poz., rys., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Fan, Y.

• Lanzhou Base of Institute of Earthquake Prediction, China Earthquake Administration, Lanzhou City, China,
• Lanzhou Institute of Seismology, China Earthquake Administration, Lanzhou City, China

autor

Du, X.

• Lanzhou Base of Institute of Earthquake Prediction, China Earthquake Administration, Lanzhou City, China,
• Lanzhou Institute of Seismology, China Earthquake Administration, Lanzhou City, China

autor

An, Z.

• Lanzhou Base of Institute of Earthquake Prediction, China Earthquake Administration, Lanzhou City, China
• Lanzhou Institute of Seismology, China Earthquake Administration, Lanzhou City, China

autor

Liu, J.

• Lanzhou Base of Institute of Earthquake Prediction, China Earthquake Administration, Lanzhou City, China
• Lanzhou Institute of Seismology, China Earthquake Administration, Lanzhou City, China

autor

Tan, D.

• Lanzhou Base of Institute of Earthquake Prediction, China Earthquake Administration, Lanzhou City, China
• Lanzhou Institute of Seismology, China Earthquake Administration, Lanzhou City, China

autor

Chen, J.

• Lanzhou Base of Institute of Earthquake Prediction, China Earthquake Administration, Lanzhou City, China
• Lanzhou Institute of Seismology, China Earthquake Administration, Lanzhou City, China

Bibliografia

• [1] Adler, P.M., J.L. Le Mouël, and J. Zlotnicki (1999), Electrokinetic and magnetic fields generated by flow through a fractured zone: A sensitivity study for La Fournaise volcano, Geophys. Res. Lett. 26, 6, 795-798, DOI: 10.1029/ 1999GL900095.
• [2] Berthelier, J.J., M. Godefroy, F. Leblanc, M. Malingre, M. Menvielle, D. Lagoutte, J.Y. Brochot, F. Colin, F. Elie, C. Legendre, P. Zamora, D. Benoist, Y. Chapuis, J. Artru, and R. Pfaff (2006), ICE, the electric field experiment on DEMETER, Planet. Space Sci. 54, 5, 456-471, DOI: 10.1016/j.pss.2005.10.016.
• [3] Cress, G.O., B.T. Brady, and G.A. Rowell (1987), Sources of electromagnetic radiation from fracture of rock samples in the laboratory, Geophys. Res. Lett. 14, 4, 331-334, DOI: 10.1029/GL014i004p00331.
• [4] Cussac, T., M.A. Clair, P. Ultré-Guerard, F. Buisson, G. Lassalle-Balier, M. Ledu, C. Elisabelar, X. Passot, and N. Rey (2006), The Demeter microsatellite and ground segment, Planet Space Sci. 54, 5, 413-427, DOI: 10.1016/j.pss.2005.10.013.
• [5] Du, X.B. (2011), Two types of changes in apparent resistivity in earthquake prediction, Sci. China D 54, 1, 145-156, DOI: 10.1007/s11430-010-4031-y.
• [6] Du, X.B., H.Y. Zhao, and B.Z. Chen (1993), On the relation of imminent sudden change in earth resistivity to the active fault and earthquake generating stress field, Acta Seismol. Sin. 6, 3, 663-673, DOI: 10.1007/BF02650405.
• [7] Du, X.B., Y.W. Liu, and M.K. Ni (1997), On the spatial characteristic of the shortterm and imminent anomalies of underground water behaviors before strong earthquake, Acta Seismol. Sin. 10, 4, 523-533, DOI: 10.1007/ s11589-997-0062-7.
• [8] Du, X.B., S.Z. Xue, Z. Hao, and S.Z. Zhang (2000), On the relation of moderateshort term anomaly of earth resistivity to earthquake, Acta Seismol. Sin. 13, 4, 393-403, DOI: 10.1007/s11589-000-0021-z.
• [9] Du, X.B., J.L. Xi, D.C. Tan, J.L. Zhao, J.D. Qian, Y.Q. Lu, J. Lu, Y.X. Tang, H.L. Kang, Y.F. Chen, and D.Z. Wang (2006), Specification for the construction of seismic station geoelectrical station. Part 2: Geoelectrical field observatory, DB/T 18.2-2006, The Seismology Trades Standard of the PRC, 2-5 (in Chinese).
• [10] Du, X.B., N. Li, Q. Ye, Z.H. Ma, and R. Yan (2007), A possible reason for the anisotropic changes in apparent resistivity near the focal region of strong earthquake, Chinese J. Geophys. 50, 6, 1555-1565, DOI: 10.1002/cjg2.1175 (in Chinese).
• [11] Enomoto, Y., and H. Hashimoto (1992), Transient electrical activity accompanying rock under indentation loading, Tectonophysics 211, 1-4, 337-344, DOI: 10.1016/0040-1951(92)90069-1.
• [12] Enomoto, Y., H. Hashimoto, N. Shirai, Y. Murakami, T. Mogi, M. Takada, and M. Kasahara (2006), Anomalous geoelectric signals possibly related to the 2000 Mt. Usu eruption and 2003 Tokachi-Oki earthquakes, Phys. Chem. Earth 31, 4-9, 319-324, DOI: 10.1016/j.pce.2006.02.013.
• [13] Fan, Y.Y., X.B. Du, J. Zlotnicki, D.C. Tan, Z.H. An, J.Y. Chen, G.L. Zheng, J. Liu, and T. Xie (2010), The electromagnetic phenomena before the Ms8.0 Wenchuan earthquake, Chinese J. Geophys. 53, 6, 997-1010, DOI: 10.1002/ cjg2.1570.
• [14] He, Y.F., D.M. Yang, H.R. Chen, J.D. Qian, R. Zhu, and M. Parrot (2009), SNR changes of VLF radio signals detected onboard the DEMETER satellite and their possible relationship to the Wenchuan earthquake, Sci. China D 52, 6, 754-763, DOI: 10.1007/s11430-009-0064-5.
• [15] Huang, Q.H. (2002), One possible generation mechanism of co-seismic electric signals, Proc. Japan Acad. B 78, 7, 173-178, DOI: 10.2183/pjab.78.173.
• [16] Huang, Q.H. (2005), Controlled analogue experiments on propagation of seismic electromagnetic signals, Chin. Sci. Bull. 50, 17, 1957-1961, DOI: 10.1360/ 982004-312.
• [17] Huang, Q.H., and M. Ikeya (1998), Seismic electromagnetic signals (SEMS) explained by a simulation experiment using electromagnetic waves, Phys. Earth Planet. In. 109, 3-4, 107-114, DOI: 10.1016/S0031-9201(98)00135-6.
• [18] Ishido, T., and J.W. Pritchett (1999), Numerical simulation of electrokinetic potentials associated with subsurface fluid flow, J. Geophys. Res. 104, B7, 15247-15259, DOI: 10.1029/1999JB900093.
• [19] Kusunose, K., I.K. Yamamoto, and T. Hirasawa (1980), Source process of microfracture in granite with reference to earthquake prediction, Sci. Rep. Tohoku Univ. Geophys. 26, 3-4, 111-121.
• [20] Liu, J.Y., Y.I. Chen, Y.J. Chuo, and S.A. Pulinets (2003), A statistical study of ionospheric precursors of M > 5.0. In: Proc. EGS-AGU-EUG Joint Assembly, 6-11 April 2003, Nice, France, Abstr. no. 4780.
• [21] Liu, J., X.B. Du, J. Zlotnicki, Y.Y. Fan, Z.H. An, T. Xie, G.L. Zheng, D.C. Tan, and J.Y. Chen (2011), The changes of the ground and ionosphere electric/ magnetic fields before several great earthquakes, Chinese J. Geophys. 54, 11, 2885-2897, DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.11.018.
• [22] Ma, Q.Z., Z.S. Feng, Z.P. Song, and W.G. Zhao (2004), Study on the variation characteristics of the geoelectric field preceding earthquakes, Acta Seismol. Sin. 17, 3, 334-343, DOI: 10.1007/s11589-004-0055-8.
• [23] Michel, S., and J. Zlotnicki (1998), Self-potential and magnetic surveying of La Fournaise volcano (Réunion Island): Correlations with faulting, fluid circulation, and eruption, J. Geophys. Res. 103, B8, 17845-17857, DOI: 10.1029/98JB00607.
• [24] Mjachkin, V.I., W.F. Brace, G.A. Sobolev, and J.H. Dieterich (1975), Two models for earthquake forerunners, Pure Appl Geophys. 113, 1, 169-181, DOI: 10.1007/BF01592908.
• [25] Molchanov, O.A., M. Haykawa, and V.A. Rafalsky (1995), Penetration characteristics of electromagnetic emissions from an underground seismic source into the atmosphere, ionosphere, and magnetosphere, J.Geophys. Res. 100, A2, 1691-1712, DOI: 10.1029/94JA02524.
• [26] Nagamoto, H., T. Fukushima, Y. Ida, Y. Matsudo, and M. Hayakawa (2008), Disturbances in VHF/UHF telemetry links as a possible effect of the 2003
• [27] Hokkaido Tokachi-oki earthquake, Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. 8, 4, 813-817, DOI: 10.5194/nhess-8-813-2008.
• [28] Nur, A. (1972), Dilatancy, pore fluids, and premonitory variations of ts/tp travel times, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 62, 5, 1217-1222.
• [29] Ogawa, T., K. Oike, and T. Miura (1985), Electromagnetic radiations from rocks, J. Geophys. Res. 90, D4, 6245-6249, DOI: 10.1029/JD090iD04p06245.
• [30] Parrot, M. (1995), Use of satellites to detect seismo-electromagnetic effects, Adv.Space Res. 15, 11, 27-35, DOI: 10.1016/0273-1177(95)00072-M.
• [31] Parrot, M. (ed.) (2006a), First Results of the DEMETER Micro-satellite, Planet.Space Sci. 54, 5.
• [32] Parrot, M. (2006b), Special issue of Planetary and Space Science‘DEMETER’, Planet. Space Sci. 54, 5, 411-412, DOI: 10.1016/j.pss.2005.10.012. Pulinets, S. (2004), Ionospheric precursors of earthquakes; Recent advances in theory and practica1 applications, Terr Atmos. Ocean Sci. 15, 3, 413-435.
• [33] Pulinets, S., and K. Boyarchuk (2004), Ionoshperic Precursors of Earthquakes, Springer, Berlin, 315 pp.
• [34] Pulinets, S.A., A. Leyva Contreras, G. Bisiacchi-Giraldi, and L. Ciraolo (2005), Total electron content variations in the ionosphere before the Colima, Mexico, earthquake of 21 January 2003, Geophys. Int. 44, 4, 369-377.
• [35] Qian, J.D., Z.W. Guo, J.L. Zhao, D.M. Yang, J.L. Xi, Y.F. Gao, J.P. Zhou, X.J. Mao, Z.B. Zheng, G.Z. Zhao, X. Zhou, S.L. Ma, X.B. Chen, J.J. Wang, Q.Z. Ma, D.C. Tan, Y.X. Tang, and T.Q. Yang (2004), Technical requirement for observational environment of seismic stations - Part 2: Electromagnetic observation, GB/T 19531.2-2004, The Standard of the PRC, 14-29 (in Chinese).
• [36] Scholz, C.H., L.R. Sykes, and Y.P. Aggrawal (1973), Earthquake prediction: A physical basis, Science 181, 4102, 803-810, DOI: 10.1126/science.181.4102.803.
• [37] Shalimov, S., and M. Gokhberg (1998), Lithosphere-ionosphere coupling mechanism and its application to the earthquake in Iran on June 20, 1990. A review of ionospheric measurements and basic assumptions, Phys. Earth Planet. In. 105, 3-4, 211-218, DOI: 10.1016/S0031-9201(97)00092-7.
• [38] Sorokin, V.M., V.M. Chmyrev, and A.K. Yaschenko (2005), Theoretical model of DC electric field formation in the ionosphere stimulated by seismic activity, J. Atmos. Sol.-Terr. Phys. 67, 14, 1259-1268, DOI: 10.1016/j.jastp.2005.07.013.
• [39] Tang, J., Y. Zhan, L.F. Wang, J.L. Xu, G.Z. Zhao, X.B. Chen, Z.Y. Dong, Q.B. Xiao, J.J. Wang, J.T. Cai, and G.J. Xu (2008), Coseismic signal associated with aftershock of the Ms8.0 Wenchuan earthquake, Seismol. Geol. 30, 3, 739-745, DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2008.03.012.
• [40] Telesca, L., and K. Hattori (2007), Non-uniform scaling behavior in ultra-lowfrequency (ULF) earthquake-related geomagnetic signals, Physica A 384, 2, 522-428, DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2007.05.
• [41] Telesca, L., G. Colangelo, and V. Lapenna (2005), Multifractal variability in geoelectrical signals and correlations with seismicity: a study case in southern Italy, Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. 5, 5, 673-677, DOI: 10.5194/nhess-5-673-2005.
• [42] Telesca, L., V. Lapenna, M. Macchiato, and K. Hattori (2008), Investigating nonuniform scaling behavior in Ultra Low Frequency (ULF) earthquake-related geomagnetic signals, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 268, 1-2, 219-224, DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2008.01.03.
• [43] Telesca, L., M. Lovallo, A. Ramirez-Rojas, and F. Angulo-Brown (2009), A nonlinear strategy to reveal seismic precursory signatures in earthquake-related self-potential signals, Physica A 388, 10, 2036-2040, DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2009.01.035.
• [44] Uyeda, S., M. Hayakawa, T. Nagao, O. Molchanov, K. Hattori, Y. Orihara, K. Gotoh, Y. Akinaga, and H. Tanaka (2002), Electric and magnetic phenomena observed before the volcano-seismic activity in 2000 in the Izu Island Region, Japan, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99, 11, 7352-7355, DOI: 10.1073/ pnas.072208499.
• [45] Varotsos, P., and M. Lazaridou (1991), Latest aspects of earthquake prediction in Greece based on seismic electric signals, Tectonophysics 188, 3-4, 321-347, DOI: 10.1016/0040-1951(91)90462-2.
• [46] Varotsos, P., K. Alexopoulos, K. Nomicos, and M. Lazaridou (1986), Earthquake prediction and electric signals, Nature 322, 6075, 120, DOI: 10.1038/ 322120a0.
• [47] Varotsos, P., N. Sarlis, M. Lazaridou, and P. Kapiris (1998), Transmission of stress induced electric signals in dielectric media, J. Appl. Phys. 83, 1, 60-70, DOI: 10.1063/1.366702.
• [48] Yamada, I., K. Masuda, and H. Mizutani (1989), Electromagnetic and acoustic emission associated with rock fracture, Phys. Earth Planet. In. 57, 1-2, 157-168, DOI: 10.1016/0031-9201(89)90225-2.
• [49] Zhang, X.M., H.R. Chen, J. Liu, X.H. Shen, Y.Q. Miao, X.B. Du, and J.D. Qian (2012), Ground-based and satellite DC-ULF electric field anomalies around Wenchuan M8.0 earthquake, Adv. Space Res. 50, 1, 85-95, DOI: 10.1016/ j.asr.2012.03.018.
• [50] Zlotnicki, J., J.L. Le Mouël, Y. Sasai, P. Yvetot, and M.H. Ardisson (2001), Selfpotential changes associated with volcanic activity: Short-term signals associated with March 9, 1998 eruption on La Fournaise volcano (Réunion Island), Ann. Geophys. 44, 2, 335-354, DOI: 10.4401/ag-3600.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.1515/acgeo-2015-0015