Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
Abstrakty
Purpose: Microstructure and magnetic properties analysis of barium ferrite powder obtained by milling and heat treatment Design/methodology/approach: The milling process was carried out in a vibratory mill, which generated vibrations of the balls and milled material inside the container. After milling process the powders were annealed in electric chamber furnace. The X-ray diffraction methods were used for qualitative phase analysis of studied powder samples. The morphology of Fe2O3 and BaCO3 powders after milling was analyzed using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) method. The distribution of powder particles was determined by a laser particle analyzer. The magnetic hysteresis loops of examined powder material were measured by resonance vibrating sample magnetometer (R-VSM). Findings: The milling process of iron oxide and barium carbonate mixture causes decrease of the crystallite size of involved phases and leads to increase the content of Fe2O3 phase and decrease of BaCO3 content. Milling process causes enriching of surface layer of powder particles by Fe2O3. The X-ray investigations of tested mixture milled for 30 hours and annealed at 950*C enabled the identification of hard magnetic BaFe12O19 phase and also the presence of Fe2O3 phase in examined material. The Fe2O3 phase is a rest of BaCO3 dissociation in the presence of Fe2O3, which forms a compound of BaFe12O19. The best coercive force for the mixture of powders annealed at 950oC for 10, 20 and 30 hours is 349 kA/m, 366 kA/m and 364 kA/m, respectively. From morphology images and distribution of powder particle size it can be concluded, that the size of tested powder particles increases with increasing time of milling process. The increase of milling time up to 20 hours leads to joining of smaller particles in bigger ones; agglomerates are formed. Practical implications: The barium ferrite powder obtained by milling and annealing can be suitable component to produce sintered and elastic magnets with polymer matrix. Originality/value: The results of tested barium ferrite investigations by different methods confirm their utility in the microstructure and magnetic properties analysis of powder materials.
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
735-742
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 17 poz., il., tab., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
autor
autor
autor
autor
- Division of Nanocrystalline and Functional Materials and Sustainable Pro-ecological Technologies, Institute of Engineering Materials and Biomaterials, Silesian University of Technology, ul. Konarskiego 18a, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland, rafal.babilas@polsl.pl
Bibliografia
- [1] J. Qiu, M. Gu, Magnetic nanocomposite thin films of BaFe12O19 and TiO2 prepared by sol-gel method, Applied Surface Science 252 (2005) 888-892.
- [2] B. Ziębowicz, D. Szewieczek, L. A. Dobrzański, New possibilities of application of composite materials with soft magnetic properties, Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering 20 (2007) 207-210.
- [3] L. A. Dobrzański, M. Drak, B. Ziębowicz, Materials with specific magnetic properties, Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering 17 (2006) 37-40.
- [4] M. Drak, L. A. Dobrzański, Corrosion of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets, Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering 20 (2007) 239-241.
- [5] N. Shams, X. Liu, M. Matsumoto, A. Morisako, Manipulation of crystal orientation and microstructure of barium ferrite thin film, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 290-291 (2005) 138-140.
- [6] O. Carp, R. Barjega, E. Segal, M. Brezeanu, Nonconventional methods for obtaining hexaferrites, Thermochimica Acta 318 (1998) 57-62.
- [7] J. Ding, W. F. Miao, P. G. McCormick, R. Street, Highcoercivity ferrite magnets prepared by mechanical alloying, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 281 (1998) 32-36.
- [8] A. Mali, A. Ataie, Structural characterization of nanocrystalline BaFe12O19 powders synthesized by sol-gel combustion route, Scripta Materialia 53 (2005) 1065-1075.
- [9] M. H. Makled, T. Matsui, H. Tsuda, H. Mabuchi, M. K. El-Mansy, Magnetic and dynamic mechanical properties of barium ferrite-natural rubber composites, Journal of Materials Processing Technology 160 (2005) 229-233.
- [10] W. Martienssen, H. Warlimont, Springer Handbook of Condensed Matter and Materials Data, Springer, 2005.
- [11] J. Konieczny, L. A. Dobrzański, A. Przybył, J. J. Wysłocki, Structure and magnetic properties of powder soft magnetic materials, Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering 20 (2007) 139-142.
- [12] P. Gramatyka, P. A. Kolano-Burian, R. Kolano, M. Polak, Nanocrystalline iron based powder cores for high frequency applications, Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering 18 (2006) 99-102.
- [13] The Rietveld method, Edited by R. W. Young, IUCr Monograph on Crystallography Vol. 5, Oxford Science Publisher, 1993.
- [14] G. Dercz, K. Prusik, L. Pająk, Structure investigations of commercial zirconia ceramic powder, Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering 18 (2006) 259-262.
- [15] R. Nowosielski, R. Babilas, G. Dercz, L. Pająk, Microstructure of composite material with powders of barium ferrite, Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering 17 (2006) 117-120.
- [16] R. Nowosielski, R. Babilas, G. Dercz, L. Pająk, J. Wrona, Barium ferrite powders prepared by milling and annealing, Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering 22/1 (2007) 45-48.
- [17] J. Wrona, T. Stobiecki, M. Czapkiewicz, R. Rak, T. Ślęzak, J. Korecki and C. G. Kim, R-VSM and MOKE magnetometers for nanostructures, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 272-276/P3 (2004) 2294-2295.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikatory
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BWAN-0002-0031