Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
Abstrakty
The kinetics of degradation of artificially aged, aluminum-sulphate-impregnated paper samples has been measured viscometrically. The full applicability of Ekenstam equation, characteristic of acid hydrolysis of cellulose, proved to be restricted to the region of the low degradation temperatures and/or low Al-contents only. The importance of other degradation processes was growing at higher temperatures and/or Al-contents, thus leading to inadequacy of a simple Arrhenius plot used for the extrapolation of the predicted degradation time to the conditions commonly applied in libraries and archives. Application of mixed-control type of kinetic equation, taking into account the other processes (e.g. oxidation), seems to be inevitable. This would result in taking into consideration at least two Arrhenius-type plots for at least two different rate constants.
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
1--8
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 37 poz., tab., rys.
Twórcy
autor
- Regional Laboratory for Physicochemical Analyses and Structural Research, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Cracow, baranski@chemia.uj.edu.pl
autor
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian university, Cracow, Poland
autor
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian university, Cracow, Poland
autor
- Regional Laboratory for Physicochemical Analyses and Structural Research, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Cracow
autor
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian university, Cracow, Poland
Bibliografia
- (1) Porck H.J., Teygler R., Preservation Science Survey. an Overview of Recent DeveIopments in Research on the Conservation of Selected Analog Library and Archival Materials. Council on Library and Information Resources, Washington, D.C., 2000.
- (2) Carter H.A., Chemistry in the Comics. Part 3, J. Chem. Ed., 1989, 66, 83-886.
- (3) Brückle I., The Role of Alum in Historical Papermaking, Abbey Newsletter, 1993, 17(4)
- (4) Biermann Ch.J., Handbook of Pulping and Papermaking, Academic Press, London, 1996, pp. 205 and 345.
- (5) Przybysz K., Technologia celulozy i papieru. Technologia papieru, Wydawnictwa Szkolne i Pedagogiczne, Warszawa, 1997, p. 95.
- (6) Gurnagul N., Howard R.C., Zou X., Uesaka T., Page D.H., The Mechanical Permanence of Paper: A literature Review, J. Pulp Paper Sci., 1993, 19(4), J160.
- (7) Klemm D., Philipp B., Heinze T., Heinze U., Wagenknecht W., Comprehensive Cellulose Chemistry, WILEY-VCH, 2001.
- (8) Parks E.J., Thermal Analysis of Modified Cellulose, Tappi, 1971, 54(4), 537.
- (9) Barret T., Early European Papers/Contemporary Conservation Papers, The Paper Conservator, 1989, 13, 27.
- (10) Krause Th., Koura A., Die Alterung von Papier, Das Papier, 1979, 33(1), 9.
- (11) Chamberlain D.C., Priest D.J., Comparison of Physical and Chemical Methods for Analyzing Cellulose Degradation Following Artificial Ageing Treatment. Celi. Chem. Techn. 1998, 32, 35.
- (12) Barański A., Dziembaj R., Konieczna-Molenda A., Łagan J.M., Walas S., Wpływ siarczanu glinu na kwaśną degradację celulozy, Przemysł Chemiczny, 2003, 82/8-9, 1109.
- (13) Porck H.J., Rate of Paper Degradation. Thc Predictive Value of Artificial Aging Tests, European Commission on Preservation and Access, Amsterdam 2000.
- (14) Zou X., Uesaka T., Gurnagul N., Prediction of paper permanence by accelerated aging. I. Kinetic analysis of the aging process; Cellulose, 1996, 3, 243-267
- (15) Havermans L., Effects of Air Pollutants on the Accelerated Aging of Cellulose-Based Materials, Restaurator, 1995, 16, 209 - 233.
- (16) The Effects of Air Pollutants on the Accclerated Ageing of Cellulose Containing Materials - Paper. Step Project CT 90-0100. EC-DG XII, report TNO (Centre for Paper and Board Research) BU3.94/1068/JH; Delft 1994, pp. 59 - 82.
- (17) Richter L., Aluminiumsulfat - ein universeller Hilfsstoff der Papierherstellung im Lichte der modernen Chemie, Zellstoff und Papier, 1980, 3 103.
- (18) Barański, A., Dziembaj, R., Konieczna, A., Kowalski, A., Łagan, J.M., Proniewicz, L.M., Methodology of kinetic investigation of cellulose degradation. Technologia Chemiczna na Przełomie Wieków, Wydawnictwo Stałego Komitetu Kongresów Technologii Chemicznej (Chemical Technology Between Centuries, A Publication of the Permanent Committee of Chemical Technology Congresses), Gliwice 2000, pp. 441 - 450.
- (19) Polish Standard PN-81/P-50149. Determination of surface pH by contact method.
- (20) A. Ekenstam, Über das Verhalten der Cellulose in Mincralsaure-Lösungen, II Mitteil: Kinctischcs Studium des Abbaus der Cellulose in Säure-Lösungen, Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft, Berlin 1936, Band I, Abt. B, 551.
- (21) Daruwalla E. H., Narsian M. G., Detection and identification of acid-sensitive linkages in celluose fibre substances, Tappi J., 1966, 49(3), 106.
- (22) Strlic M., Kolar J., Pihlar B., Rychły J., Matisova-Rychla L., Chemiluminescence during thermal and thermo-oxidative degradation of cellulose, Europ. Pol. Journ. 2000, 36, 2351.
- (23) Barański A., Aging Kinetics of Cellulose and Paper, Restaurator, 2002, 23, 77.
- (24) Dupont A.L., Degradation of Cellulose at the Wet/Dry Interface, Restaurator, 1996, 17 I. The Effect of Some Conservation Treatments on Brown Lines, pp. 1-21 II. An Approach to the Identification of the Oxidation Compounds, pp. 145 - 164.
- (25) Yuan-Zong Lai, Chemical Degradation, in Wood and Cellulosic Chemistry, (David N.S. Hon and Nobuo Shiraishi, eds.), Marcel Dekker Inc., New York-Basel, 2001, pp. 493 - 499.
- (26) Nevell T.P., Oxidation of Cellulose, Cellulose Chemistry and Applications, Wiley 1985 (Nevell & Zeronian, eds.), Chap. 10: 243 - 265.
- (27) Bansa H., Accelerated Ageing of Paper: Some Ideas on its Practical Benefit, Restaurator, 2002, 23(2), 106.
- (28) Whitmore P. M., Bogaard J., Determination of the Cellulose Scission Route in the Hydrolytic and Oxidative Degradation of Paper, Restaurator, 1994, 15, 26.
- (29) Arney J.S., Novak C.L., Accelerated Aging of Paper. The influence of acidity on the relative contribution of oxygen-dependent processes, Tappi, 1982, 65(3), 113.
- (30) Gurnagul N., Page D.H., Paice M.G., The effect of Cellulose Degradation on the Strength of Wood Pulp Fibres, Nordic Pulp Pap. Res. J., 1992, 2, 152.
- (31) Billy M., Valensi G., J. Vitesse the reactions des metalloides sur les metaux quand les reactions interfaciales se composent avec la diffusion application a la sulfuration de l'argent, Chim. Phys., 1956, 53, 832.
- (32) Seth B.B.L., Ross H.U., The mechanism of Iron Oxide Reduction, Trans. Met. Soc. AIME, 1965, 233, 180.
- (33) Spitzer R.H., Manning F. S., Philbrook W.O., Mixed-Control Reaction Kinetics in the Gascous Reduction of Hematite, Trans. Met. Soc. AIME, 1966, 236, 1715.
- (34) Szekely J., Evans J.W., Sohn H.Y., Gas-Solid Reactions, Academic Press. 1976, p. 73-88.
- (35) Levenspiel O., The Chemical Reactor Omnibook, OSU Bookstores, Corvallis, OR, 1989, chap. 23 and 51.
- (36) Levenspiel O., Chemical Reaction Engineering, J. Wiley & Sons, New York, 1999, chap. 18 and 25.
- (37) Barański A., On the Usefulness of Campbell’s Concept of the Rate-Determining Step, Sol. State. Ionics, 1999, 117, 123.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
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Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BPS2-0026-0081