Czasopismo
1999
|
Vol. 47, no 1
|
87-101
Tytuł artykułu
Autorzy
Wybrane pełne teksty z tego czasopisma
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
Abstrakty
This paper tests the hypothesis that the density - weight distribution of species assemblages may be generated alone by underlying weight dependent density fluctuations by constructing several model species - weight and density - weight distributions. The simulations revealed that indeed even a slight dependence of density fluctuation on body weight generated typical density - weight distributions with upper density boundaries and triangular shapes. Other ecological explanations, such as metabolic constrants or arguments based on fractal geometry, may therefore not be necessary to explain the pattern. In a second step of analysis the density - weight relationship was combined with various species - weight distributions (computed over log[2] weight classe) to show that in nearly all parameter settings steadily rising biomass distributions with a decline only towards the largest weight classes result. The generality of the equal biomass hypothesis is therefore rejected. A general model is developed to explain several of the patterns in density - weight and species - weight plots assuming only underlying weight dependent speciation and extinction rates and weight dependent density fluctuations.
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
87-101
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 31 poz., rys., tab.
Twórcy
autor
- Nicholas Copernicus University in Toruń, Department of Animal Ecology, Gagarina 9, 87-100 Toruń: Poland
Bibliografia
- [1]. Blackburn T. M., Lawton J. H., Perry J. N. 1992 - A method of estimating the slope of upper bounds of plots of body size and abundance in natural animal assemblages - Oikos 65: 107-112.
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- [3]. Currie D. J. 1993 - What shape is the relationship between body mass and population density - Oikos 66: 353.
- [4]. Currie D. J., Fritz J. T. 1993 - Global patterns of animal abundance and species energy use - Oikos 67: 56-68.
- [5]. Cyr H., Peters R.H., Downing J.A. 1997 - Population density and community size structure: comparison of aquatic and terrestrial systems - Oikos 80: 139-149.
- [6]. Damuth J. 1981 - Population density and body size in mammals - Nature 230: 699-700.
- [7]. Dial K. P., Marzluff J. M. 1988 - Are the smallest organisms the most diverse - Ecology 69: 1620-1624.
- [8]. Gaston K. J. 1988 - Patterns in the local and regional dynamics of moth populations - Oikos 53: 49-57.
- [9]. Gaston K. J. 1993 - Comparing animals and automobiles: a vehicle for understanding body size and abundance relationships in species assemblages? - Oikos 66: 172-179.
- [10]. Griffiths D. 1992 - Size, abundance, and energy use in communities - J. Animal Ecol. 61: 307-315.
- [11]. Lawton J. H. 1989 - What is the relationship between population density and body size in animals - Oikos 55: 429-434.
- [12]. Lawton J. H. 1990 - Species richness and population dynamics of animal assemblages. Patterns in body size: abundance space - Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 330: 283-291.
- [13]. Maurer B. A., Brown J. H. 1988 - Distribution of energy use and biomass among species of North American terrestrial birds - Ecology 69: 1923-1932.
- [14]. Maurer B.A., Brown J. H., Rusler R. D. 1992 - The micro and macro in body size evolution - Evolution 46: 939-953.
- [15]. May R. M. 1978 - The dynamics and diversity of insect faunas (In: Diversity of insect faunas, Eds. L. A. Mound, N. Waloff) - Oxford, pp. 188-204.
- [16]. May R. M. 1986 - The search for patterns in the balance of nature: advances and retreats - Ecology 67:1115-1126.
- [17]. Morse D. R., Lawton J. H., Dodson M. M., Will iamson M. H. 1985 - Fractal dimension of vegetation and the distribution of arthropod body lengths - Nature 314: 731-733.
- [18]. Nee S., Read A. F., Greenwood J. J. D., Haryey P. H. 1991 - The relationship between abundance and body size in British birds - Nature 351: 312-313.
- [19]. Novotny V.,Kindlmann P. 1996 - Distribution of body sizes in arthropod taxa and communities - Oikos 75: 75-82.
- [20]. Owen J., Gilbert F. S. 1989 - On the abundance of hoverflies (Syrphidae) - Oikos 55: 183-193.
- [21]. Peters R. H. 1983 - The ecological implications of body size - Cambridge.
- [22]. Peters R. H., Wassenberg K. 1983 - The effect of body size on animal abundance - Oecologia 60: 89-96.
- [23]. Scharf S. F., Juanes F., Sutherland M. 1998 - Iferring ecological relationships from the edges of scatter diagrams: comparisons of regression techniques - Ecology 79: 448-460.
- [24]. Sheldon R. A., Prakash A., Sutcliffe Jr. W. H. 1972 - The size distribution of particles in the ocean - Limnology and Oceanography 17: 327-340.
- [25]. Shorrocks B., Marsters J., Ward I., Evennett P. J. 1991 - The fractal dimension of lichens and the distribution of arthropod body length - Funct. Ecol. 5: 457-460.
- [26]. Stork N. E., Blackburn T. M. 1993 - Abundance, body size and biomass of arthropods in tropical forest - Oikos 67: 483-489.
- [27]. Strayer D. 1986 - The size structure of a lacustrine zoobenthic community - Oecologia 69: 513-515.
- [28]. Ulrich W. 1998 - The parasitic Hymenoptera in a beech forest on limestone 1: Species composition, species turnover, abundance and biomass - Pol. J. Ecol 3: 261-289.
- [29]. Ulrich W. 1999a - Abundance. biomass and density boundaries in the Hymenoptera: analysis of the abundance - weight relationship and differences between forest and open landscape habitats - Pol. J. Ecol. 47: 73-86.
- [30]. Ulrich W. 1999b - The Hymenoptera of a dry meadow on limestone: Species composition, abundance and biomass - Pol. J. Ecol. 47: 29-47.
- [31]. Van Valen L. 1973 - Body size and numbers of plants and animals - Evolution 27: 27-35.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikatory
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BGPK-0055-1199