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Methods of Soviet Secret Service Activities in the Second Polish Republic
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Two institutions of soviet intelligence functioned on the Polish Second Republic’s territory: Main Office of State Security and Military Intelligence Bureau of Workers - Peasants Red Army. Each of them had a separate area of interests, specific tasks, different methods of work, although they worked in close co-operation. Soviet intelligence worked very effectively in Poland, using not only espionage rings but also individual agents. Various methods were employed to recruit agents. Secret service agents were specially trained. A great attention was drawn to teach them to use explosives, which were to be used in diversion and sabotage actions in Poland. The techniques of soviet secret service were diversified and very resourceful, particularly in military intelligence. The agents’ activities were based on a ring consisting of a resident and his/her informers, inner and outer intermediaries. The resident was a central figure, therefore a great effort was put to train and locate him/her well. The soviet side tried to use all abilities of people engaged in espionage activities. It had a lot of money and consequently tended to accomplish its planned tasks. Soviet secret service was very dangerous and could not be disrespected. The weak side of its activity, however, was frequent engaging to co-operation people of low intellectual level. It influenced in a negative way the effectiveness of some espionage endeavours. Some actions were accomplished according to old schemes.
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