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The stern tube or strat bearings are key important component for safety of shipping. Modern global regulations required a low as possible negative impact on environment including lubricants leaking to the sea. The ship owners are looking for reliable and durable solutions. The costs of each ship components are carefully studied. The water lubricated bearings for ship propeller shafts are an environmentally friendly solution. That is the reason why water lubrication is an interesting option to consider. Because simplicity of the ship design is expected the open lubricating system with only one seal module, when sea water is a lubricant is often recommended by manufacturer. This research was inspired by a series of failures or premature excessive wear of the propeller shaft strut bearings of real ships. The experimental tests were conducted in the laboratory on custom designed and build test-rig. The large group of tested bearings was delivered by certified manufacturers. The results of long time wear tests clearly prove that the cause of this premature wear was abrasive wear resulting from water contamination with solid particles of mineral origin. The range of the wear strongly depends on bearing bush materials and bearing interspace geometry. The wear was low for bearings with elastic bushes especially when hydrodynamic phenomena takes place. The general conclusion is that water lubrication is an interesting option to consider when design of the ship is discussed. The simplicity resulting an attractive price, low maintenance costs and proven durability and reliability of some bearings materials cause that this technology is becoming popular and often applied.
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
187--196
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 35 poz., rys., tab.
Twórcy
autor
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Ship Technology, Poland, wojciech.litwin@pg.gda.pl
autor
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Ship Technology, Poland
autor
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Ship Technology, Poland
autor
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Ship Technology, Poland
autor
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Ship Technology, Poland
autor
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Ship Technology, Poland
Bibliografia
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- 9. C. Yang, X. Zhou, J. Huang, F. Kuang, and X. Liu, “Effects of sediment size and type on the tribological properties of NBR in water,” Wear, vol. 477, no. February, p. 203800, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.wear.2021.203800.
- 10. W. Litwin and S. Kropp, “Sliding bearings with sintered bronze bush lubricated by contaminated water with solid particles – Theoretical and experimental studies,” Wear, vol. 532–533, no. June, p. 205070, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.wear.2023.205070.
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- 12. E. Piątkowska, “Influence of solid particle contamination on the wear process in water lubricated marine strut bearings with NBR and PTFE bushes,” Polish Marit. Res., vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 167–178, 2021, doi: 10.2478/pomr-2021-0059.
- 13. W. Litwin, “Marine Propeller Shaft Bearings under Low-Speed Conditions: Water vs. Oil Lubrication,” Tribol. Trans., vol. 62, no. 5, 2019, doi: 10.1080/10402004.2019.1625991.
- 14. W. Litwin, “Water lubricated marine stern tube bearings - Attempt at estimating hydrodynamic capacity,” in Proceedings of the ASME/STLE International Joint Tribology Conference 2009, IJTC2009, 2010. doi: 10.1115/IJTC2009-15068.
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- 19. J. Li, Y. Qu, Z. Zhang, D. Xie, H. Hua, and J. Wu, “Fluidstructure interaction analysis of the propeller-shafting system in a non-uniform wake,” Ocean Eng., vol. 289, no. P1, p. 116189, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2023.116189.
- 20. O. K. Kinaci et al., “Free-running tests for DTC selfpropulsion – An investigation of lateral forces due to the rudder and the propeller,” Appl. Ocean Res., vol. 116, no. March, p. 102877, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.apor.2021.102877.
- 21. S. Sun, Y. Zhang, Z. Guo, X. Li, and Z. Huang, “Research on propeller bearing force of a four-screw ship in oblique flow,” Ocean Eng., vol. 276, no. February, p. 114164, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2023.114164.
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- 23. N. Duan, C. Wu, Y. Huang, Z. Zhang, and H. Hua, “Lateral vibration analysis and active control of the propellershafting system using a scaled experimental model,” Ocean Eng., vol. 267, no. September 2022, p. 113285, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2022.113285.
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- 26. R. Orndorff, “Water lubricated rubber bearings, history and new developments,” Nav Eng J, pp. 39–52, 1985.
- 27. Wojciech Litwin, “2015_TI_Propertiescomparisonofrubb erandthreelayerPTFE-NBR-bronze,” Tribol. Interantional, 2015.
- 28. “Shaft Alignment and Propeller Shaft Aft Bearing Performance – Recent Trends Call for Action,” DNV-GL, 2018. https://www.dnvgl.com/news/shaft-alignment-andpropeller- shaft-aft-bearing-performance-recent-trendscall- for-action--111385.
- 29. M. Damrat, A. Zaborska, and M. Zajaczkowski, “Sedimentation from suspension and sediment accumulation rate in the River Vistula prodelta, Gulf of Gdańsk (Baltic Sea),” Oceanologia, vol. 55, no. 4, pp. 937–950, 2013, doi: 10.5697/oc.55-4.937.
- 30. T. Leipe and B. Sea, “The kaolinite/chlorite clay mineral ratio in surface sediments of the southern Baltic Sea as an indicator for long distance transport of fine-grained material,” Baltica, vol. 16, pp. 31–36, 2003.
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- 32. W. Litwin and C. Dymarski, “Experimental research on water-lubricated marine stern tube bearings in conditions of improper lubrication and cooling causing rapid bush wear,” Tribol. Int., 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.triboint.2015.12.005.
- 33. A. Franceschi, B. Piaggio, D. Villa, and M. Viviani, Development and assessment of CFD methods to calculate propeller and hull impact on the rudder inflow for a twinscrew ship,” Appl. Ocean Res., vol. 125, no. May, p. 103227, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.apor.2022.103227.
- 34. H. P. Guo and Z. J. Zou, “A RANS-based study of the impact of rudder on the propeller characteristics for a twin-screw ship during maneuvers,” Ocean Eng., vol. 239, no. February, p. 109848, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2021.109848.
- 35. O. F. Sukas, O. K. Kinaci, and S. Bal, “System-based prediction of maneuvering performance of twin-propeller and twin-rudder ship using a modular mathematical model,” Appl. Ocean Res., vol. 84, no. January, pp. 145–162, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.apor.2019.01.008.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
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Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-68156cea-5370-4188-bcfb-5d020190fc09