Drowing causes on guarded swimming basins in Poland : Experimental approach

• Autorzy: Michniewicz, Iwona , Michniewicz, Romuald , Avramidis, Stathis

Warianty tytułu

PL

Przyczyny utonięć na polskich kąpieliskach : Podejście eksperymentalne

• Języki publikacji: EN PL

Abstrakty

EN

This study aimed to identify the factors that may prevent an early response to a drowning episode and the lifeguard perceptions about the critical signs possessed by a drowning victim. Study 1: The level of lifeguard surveillance (n=29) was video recorded prior-, during- and after two simulated browning episodes that occurred in 7 Polish aquatic facilities. Study 2: A survey assessed the lifeguards’ perceptions about the critical signs they would expect from a drowning victim to be alerted (n=236) and the criterion χ2 was used. Results: The sampled lifeguards were not able to perform effective surveillance of bathing pools because they were unable to identify the simulated victims due to failure in maintaining an organized scanning strategy and because they were placed at the shallow side instead of being spread around the pool. Water safety organizations need to undertake major updates in their manuals and education. Aquatic facilities need to introduce daily operating procedures that would involve weekly staff training, frequent lifeguard rotations, application of various models and continuous professional development. Finally, the aquatic facilities patrons should not depend their safety only on lifeguards.

PL

Badanie miało na celu wskazanie czynników, które mogą uniemożliwić szybką reakcję na utonięcie oraz dowiedzenie się, jakie symptomy krytyczne zauważają ratownicy u osoby tonącej. Badanie 1: Poziom monitorowania obiektu przez ratowników (n=29) został zapisany w postaci materiału video przed, w czasie i po dwóch symulowanych przypadkach utonięcia, jakie miały miejsce w 7 kąpieliskach w Polsce. Badanie 2: W badaniu ankietowym oceniano postrzeganie przez ratowników krytycznych symptomów, jakich spodziewają się po tonącym i które zwracają ich uwagę (n= 236), zastosowano w nim kryterium χ2 . Wyniki: Ratownicy uczestniczący w badaniu nie byli w stanie skutecznie nadzorować kąpielisk, ponieważ nie potrafili zidentyfikować symulowanych ofiar na skutek braku stosowania zorganizowanej strategii obserwowania kąpiących się oraz dlatego, że stali przy płytkiej części basenu zamiast ustawić się wokół niego. Organizacje zajmujące się bezpieczeństwem nad wodą powinny mocno zaktualizować opracowywane przez siebie podręczniki i szkolenia. Kąpieliska muszą wprowadzić codzienne procedury obejmujące cotygodniowe szkolenie pracowników, częstą rotację ratowników, stosowanie różnych modeli i ciągły rozwój zawodowy. I wreszcie, korzystający z kąpielisk nie powinni opierać swojego bezpieczeństwa jedynie na ratownikach.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

nadzór; ratownictwo wodne; ratowanie życia; utonięcie; bezpieczeństwo nad wodą

EN

surveillance; lifeguarding; lifesaving; drowning; water safety

• Czasopismo: Polish Hyperbaric Research
• Rocznik: 2023
• Tom: nr 1(82)
• Strony: 87--102
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 63 poz., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Michniewicz, Iwona

• Kaliska University President Stanisław Wojciechowski in Kalisz and the PRE Expert Group, Poland

autor

Michniewicz, Romuald

• Kaliska University President Stanisław Wojciechowski in Kalisz and the PRE Expert Group, Poland

autor

Avramidis, Stathis

• Greek Lifesaving Sports Association
• National and Kapodistrian University of Athens

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Uwagi

Błędny identyfikator DOI

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.2478/phr-2023-0005