Water Quality Impact Christmas Tree Worms (Spirobranchus spp.) Distribution and Community Structure on Hard Corals At Sempu Island Nature Reserve, Malang, Indonesia

• Autorzy: Isdianto, Andik , Amanda, Syafila Sekar , Yamindago, Ade , Dewi, Citra Satrya Utama , Aliviyanti, Dian , Luthfi, Oktiyas Muzaky , Fathah, Aulia Lanudia , Atikawati, Dini , Putri, Berlania Mahardika , Puspitasari, Intan Dwi
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The Christmas tree worm (Spirobranchus spp.) is a biota that lives in association with hermatypic corals. This bioeroder damages the structural integrity of corals, making them susceptible to breakage. Therefore, further investigation is required to determine the distribution, diversity, uniformity, and predominance of CTW on hard corals in the Sempu Island Nature Reserve’s waters. The method used is the belt transect method, which refers to the reef check. CTW species will be identified based on their operculum, and corals will be identified based on their growth form, genus, and species. The data gathered were processed, and the abundance value and ecological index were obtained. The CTW species found at the five stations were Spirobranchus gardineri, Spirobranchus cruciger, and Spirobranchus spp., associated with massive corals of the genus Porites and genus Goniastrea. Water quality factors such as currents, sedimentation, and nitrates affect CTW’s presence. Medium-to-fast currents circulate around Sempu Island, where high sedimentation rates of 73.73 mg/ cm2/day decrease light penetration into the waterways. Additionally, elevated nitrate levels contribute to the growth of CTW operculum-covering turf algae. CTW abundance values ranged from 0.018 to 0.084 individuals/m2, diversity index (H’) ranged from 0.403 to 0.760 (low), and uniformity index (E) ranged from 0.582 to 0.966 (unstable to stable). The dominance index (C) values ranged from 0.513 to 0.705 (medium). Based on the index value, it was found that the CTW in Sempu Island was in the unstable category, so there was moderate dominance.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

corals; belt transect method; christmas tree worms; water quality; ecological index; abundance index

• Czasopismo: Journal of Ecological Engineering
• Rocznik: 2024
• Tom: Vol. 25, nr 5
• Strony: 175--186
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 51 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Isdianto, Andik

• Department of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Brawijaya University, Jl. Veteran, Malang, 65145, Indonesia,
• Coastal Resilience and Climate Change Adaptation Research Group, Brawijaya University, Jl. Veteran, Ketawanggede, Kec. Lowokwaru, Kota Malang, 65145, Indonesia

autor

Amanda, Syafila Sekar

• Department of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Brawijaya University, Jl. Veteran, Malang, 65145, Indonesia,

autor

Yamindago, Ade

• Department of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Brawijaya University, Jl. Veteran, Malang, 65145, Indonesia,
• Coastal Resilience and Climate Change Adaptation Research Group, Brawijaya University, Jl. Veteran, Ketawanggede, Kec. Lowokwaru, Kota Malang, 65145, Indonesia

autor

Dewi, Citra Satrya Utama

• Coastal Resilience and Climate Change Adaptation Research Group, Brawijaya University, Jl. Veteran, Ketawanggede, Kec. Lowokwaru, Kota Malang, 65145, Indonesia,
• Doctoral Program of Environmental Studies, Brawijaya University Postgraduate School, Jl. MT. Haryono 169, Malang 65145, Indonesia

autor

Aliviyanti, Dian

• Department of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Brawijaya University, Jl. Veteran, Malang, 65145, Indonesia,
• Coastal Resilience and Climate Change Adaptation Research Group, Brawijaya University, Jl. Veteran, Ketawanggede, Kec. Lowokwaru, Kota Malang, 65145, Indonesia

autor

Luthfi, Oktiyas Muzaky

• Master of Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Teknika Utara, Pogung, Sinduadi, Mlati, Sleman, Yogyakarta, 55284, Indonesia,

autor

Fathah, Aulia Lanudia

• Master in Environmental Management and Development, Brawijaya University Postgraduate School, Jl. MT Haryono 169, Malang, 65145, Indonesia,

autor

Atikawati, Dini

• Doctoral Program of Environmental Studies, Brawijaya University Postgraduate School, Jl. MT. Haryono 169, Malang 65145, Indonesia,

autor

Putri, Berlania Mahardika

• Master of Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Teknika Utara, Pogung, Sinduadi, Mlati, Sleman, Yogyakarta, 55284, Indonesia,

autor

Puspitasari, Intan Dwi

• Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, No.2, Beining Rd., Jhongjheng District, Keelung City 20224, Taiwan,

Bibliografia

• 1. Akbar D. 2019. Distribution of Biotas Association of Christmas Tree Worm Coral Worms on Massive Porites corals in Sempu Island Nature Reserve, Malang. Thesis: Universitas Brawijaya. [Indonesian]
• 2. Alif S. Al Karang I.W.G.A., Suteja Y. 2017. Analysis of the Relationship of Waters Conditions with Coral Reefs in Pemuteran Village, Buleleng Bali. Journal of Marine and Aquatic Sciences, 3(2), 142. https://doi.org/10.24843/jmas.2017.v3.i02.142-153. [Indonesian]
• 3. Barus B.S. Prartono T., Soedarma D. 2018. Environmental influence on the form of coral reef growth in the waters of Lampung Bay. Journal of Tropical Marine Science and Technology, 10(3), 699–710. [Indonesian]
• 4. Ben-Tzvi O., Einbinder S., Brokovich E. 2006. A beneficial association between a polychaete worm and a scleractinian coral. Coral Reefs, 25(1), 98–98. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-005-0084-3
• 5. Çinar M.E., Dagli E. 2021. Bioeroding (boring) polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) from the Aegean Sea (eastern Mediterranean). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 101(2), 309–318. https://doi.org/10.1017/S002531542100031X
• 6. Dai C.F., Yang H.P. 1995. Distribution of Spirobranchus giganteus cornicuiatus (Hove) on the Coral Reefs of Southern Taiwan. Zoological Studies.
• 7. DeVantier L.M., Reichelt R.E., Bradbury R.H. 1986. Does Spirobranchus giganteus protect host Porites from predation by Acanthaster planci: predator pressure as a mechanism of coevolution? Marine Ecology-Progress Series.
• 8. English S., Wilkinson C., Baker V. 1997. Survey Manual For Tropical Marine Resources (A.I. of M. Science (ed.); 2nd ed.).
• 9. Erftemeijer P.L.A., Riegl B., Hoeksema B.W., Todd P.A. 2012. Environmental impacts of dredging and other sediment disturbances on corals: A review. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 64(9), 1737–1765. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.05.008
• 10. Glynn P.W., Manzello D.P. 2015. Bioerosion and Coral Reef Growth: A Dynamic Balance. In C. Birkeland (Ed.), Coral Reefs in the Anthropocene (pp. 67–97). Springer Netherlands.
• 11. Government Regulation. 2021. Government Regulation Number 22 Year 2021 concerning Implementation of Environmental Protection and Management
• 12. Hamzah F., Basit A., Triyulianti L. 2015. Vertical nutrient distribution patterns in the transition season in Weda Bay, North Maluku. Tropical Marine Science And Technology, 7(2), 415–432. [Indonesian]
• 13. Herrán N., Narayan G.R., Doo S.S., Klicpera A., Freiwald A., Westphal H. 2022. Resolution imaging sheds new light on a multi- tier symbiotic partnership between a “walking” solitary coral , a sipunculan, and a bivalve from East Africa. January, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8633
• 14. Hoeksema B.W., ten Hove H.A. 2015. The invasive sun coral Tubastraea coccinea hosting a native Christmas tree worm at Curaçao, Dutch Caribbean. Marine Biodiversity, 47(1), 59–65. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-016-0472-7
• 15. Hoeksema B.W., Wels D., van der Schoot R.J., ten Hove H.A. 2019. Coral injuries caused by Spirobranchus opercula with and without epibiotic turf algae at Curaçao. Marine Biology, 166(5), 60. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-019-3504-6
• 16. Hunte W., Marsden J.R., Conlin B.E., 1990. Habitat selection in the tropical polychaete Spirobranchus giganteus.
• 17. Ilyas I.S., Astuty S., Harahap S.A., Purba N.P. 2017. Diversity of coral fish is targeted to relation to the form of coral growth in the core zone in the Anambas Islands Waters Waters. Journal of Fisheries and Maritime Affairs, 8(2), 103–111. [Indonesian]
• 18. Isdianto A. 2022. The relationship between hydrooceanographic parameters with coral cover in the waters of the Sempu Strait. JFMR-Journal of Fisheries and Marine Research, 6(3). https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jfmr.2022.006.03.7. [Indonesian]
• 19. Krebs C.J. 2014. Ecology: the experimental analaysis of distribution and abundance (Vol. 6). Pearson Education Limited.
• 20. Luthfi O.M. 2016. Coral reef conservation using coral garden initiative in Sempu Island. Journal of Innovation and Applied Technology, 2(1), 210–216. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jiat.2016.002.01.7
• 21. Luthfi O.M. 2019. Comparative study of living cover and non living basic substrate waters of Sempu Island Malang Regency Using the Reef Check Method. JFMR-Journal of Fisheries and Marine Research, 3(2), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jfmr.2019.003.02.1. [Indonesian]
• 22. Luthfi O.M., Rahmadita V.L., Setyohadi D. 2018. Seeing the condition of the coral reef ecological equilibrium on Sempu Island, Malang uses a hard coral colony approach (Scleractinia). Environmental Science, 16(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.14710/jil.16.1.1-8. [Indonesian]
• 23. Majer C. 2019. Reemergence times of Christmas tree worms, Spirobranchus giganteus, after natural and simulated disturbances. Korallion, 10.
• 24. Marsden J.R. 1993. Factors influencing the abundance of the seven-spined morphotype of Spirobranchus polycerus (Schmarda), (Serpulidae), on upright blades of the hydrozoan coral, Millepora complanata. Marine Biology, 115(1), 123–132. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00349394
• 25. Marsden J.R., Meeuwig J. 1990. Preferences of planktotrophic larvae of the tropical serpulid Spirobranchus giganteus (Pallas) for exudates of corals from a Barbados reef. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 137(2), 95–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0981(90)90063-I
• 26. Moira V.S. LuthfI O.M., Isdianto A. 2020. Analysis of relationship between chemical oceanography conditions and coral reef ecosystems in damas waters, Trenggalek, East Java. Journal of Marine and Coastal Science, 9(3), 113. https://doi.org/10.20473/jmcs.v9i3.22294
• 27. Muller E., Gier W., De Hove H., Moorsel G.W.N.M., Van and Hoeksema B. W. 2020. Nocturnal predation of Christmas tree worms by a batwing coral crab at bonaire (Southern Caribbean). 10–13.
• 28. Odum E. 1996. Fundamental of ecology (T. Samingan (ed.); 3rd ed.). Gadjah Mada University Press.
• 29. Pastorok R., Bilyard G. 1985. Effects of sewage pollution on coral-reef communities. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 21, 175–189. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps021175
• 30. Patty S.I., Arfah H., Abdul M.S. 2015. Nutrients (phosphate, nitrate), dissolved oxygen and the pH is related to fertility in the waters of Jikumerasa, Buru Island. [in Indonesian]
• 31. Perry O., Bronstein O., Simon-Blecher N., Atkins A., Kupriyanova E., ten Hove H., Levy O., Fine M. 2018. On the genus Spirobranchus (Annelida, Serpulidae) from the northern Red Sea, a description of a new species. Invertebrate Systematics, 32(3), 605. https://doi.org/10.1071/IS17061
• 32. Perry O., Sapir Y., Perry G., Ten Hove H., Fine M. 2018. Substrate selection of Christmas tree worms (Spirobranchus spp.) in the Gulf of Eilat, Red Sea. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 98(4), 791–799. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315416002022
• 33. Petrocelly G. 2023. The Christmas tree worm (Spirobranchus giganteus) as a Potential Bioindicator of Coral Reef Health. Berkeley Scientific Journal, 27(1). https://doi.org/10.5070/BS327161289
• 34. Qian P.Y. 1999. Larval settlement of polychaetes. In A. W. C. Dorresteijn and W. Westheide (Eds.), Reproductive Strategies and Developmental Patterns in Annelids (pp. 239–253). Springer Netherlands.
• 35. Ramlah S., Fajri N., El Adriman. 2015. Physical, chemical Parameters and Saphrobic Coefficients (X) as Determinants of Water Quality in the Senapelan River, Pekanbaru. Online Journal of Students of the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Riau University, X, 329–332. [in Indonesian]
• 36. Rindyastuti R. 2018. The diversity of Sempu Island plants and its ecosystems (first print). LIPI Press. [in Indonesian]
• 37. Rowley S. 2008. A critical evaluation of the symbiotic association between tropical tube-dwelling Polychaetes and their Hermatypic coral hosts, with a focus on Spirobranchus giganteus (Pallas, 1766).
• 38. Rumkorem O.L.Y., Kurnia R., Yulianda F. 2019. The association between the coral community cover and the coral reef fish community on the east coast of Biak Island, Biak Numfor Regency. Journal of Tropical Marine Science and Technology, 11(3), 615–625. [in Indonesian]
• 39. Sakai Y., Kato K., Koyama H., Kuba A., Takahashi H. 2020. A step-down photophobic response in coral larvae: implications for the light-dependent distribution of the common reef coral, Acropora tenuis. In Scientific Reports. Nature Publishing Group UK. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-74649-x
• 40. Schoepf V., Stat M., Falter J.L., Mcculloch M.T. 2015. Limits to the thermal tolerance of corals adapted to a highly fluctuating, naturally extreme temperature environment. Nature Publishing Group, May, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep17639
• 41. Storch D., Okie J.G. 2017. The more-individuals hypothesis revisited : The role of community abundance in species richness regulation and the productivity-diversity relationship The more-individuals hypothesis revisited: the role of community abundance in species richness regulation and the productivity – diversity relationship. April 2018. https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.12941
• 42. Strathmann R.R., Cameron R.A., Strathmann M.F. 1984. Spirobranchus giganteus (pallas) break a rule for suspension-feeder. Journal Exp. Marine Biology Ecology, 79, 245–249.
• 43. Suharsono. 2008. Types of corals in Indonesia. LIPI, Coremap Program. [in Indonesian]
• 44. Suwartimah K., Wati D.S., Endrawati H., Hartati R. 2017. The composition of the echinodermata is averaged Litoral Krakal Coral Reef, Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta. Marina Oceanography Bulletin, 6(1), 53. https://doi.org/10.14710/buloma.v6i1.15743. [in Indonesian]
• 45. Thamrin. 2017. Coral: reproductive and ecological biology. UR Press.
• 46. Tomascik T., Mah A.J., Nontji A., Moosa M.K. 1997. The Ecology of the Indonesian Seas (Vol. 2). Periplus.
• 47. Wahab I., Koroy K., Lukman M. 2021. The effect of physical parameters on coral cover in Daruba waters, Morotai. Indonesian Fisheries Research Journal (JPPI), 27(2), 85–93.
• 48. Whalan S., Wahab M.A.A., Sprungala S., Poole J., Nys R.De. 2015. Larval Settlement : The Role of Surface Topography for Sessile Coral Reef Invertebrates. 1–17. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.7pd40.Funding
• 49. Wibawa I.G.N.A., Luthfi O.M. 2017. Water quality in the coral reef ecosystem in the Sempu Strait, Sendang Biru, Malang. Segara Journal, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.15578/segara.v13i1.6420. [Indonesian]
• 50. Willette D.A., Iñiguez A.R., Kupriyanova E.K., Starger C.J., Varman T., Toha A.H., Maralit B.A., Barber P.H. 2015. Christmas tree worms of IndoPacific coral reefs: untangling the Spirobranchus corniculatus (Grube 1862) complex. Coral Reefs, 34(3), 899–904. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-015-1294-y
• 51. Yolanda D.S., Muhsoni F.F., Siswanto A.D. 2016. Nutrients (phosphate, nitrate), dissolved oxygen and the pH is related to fertility in the waters of Jikumerasa, Buru Island: Indonesian Journal of Marine Science and Technology, 9(2), 93. https://doi.org/10.21107/jk.v9i2.1052. [in Indonesian]

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.12911/22998993/186161