Warianty tytułu
Nowe wyzwania w dziedzinie jakości dostawy energii elektrycznej
Języki publikacji
Abstrakty
Artykuł przedstawia cztery problemy z dziedziny jakości dostawy energii elektrycznej, które nadal są nierozwiązane, a mają zasadnicze znaczenie dla praktyki inżynierskiej. Są to: (a) wiarygodny pomiar miar liczbowych wskaźników jakości; (b) lokalizacji źródła zaburzenia elektromagnetycznego oraz ocena indywidualnej emisji; (c) rozproszone monitorowanie on-line stanu jakości napięcia, oraz (d) szacowanie kosztów złej jakości energii elektrycznej. Każdy z tych problemów został zilustrowany wybranym przykładem.
The paper presents four unsolved problems in the area of power quality having the particular significance for the engineering practice. These are: (a) credible measurement of the voltage quality numerical measures of the voltage quality indices; (b) location of electromagnetic interference source and evaluation of individual load emission; (c) distributed on-line monitoring of the voltage quality in a power system, and (d) evaluation of poor power quality costs.
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
17--25
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 58 poz., rys., tab., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Department of Power Electronics and Energy Control Systems, hanzel@agh.edu.pl
autor
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Department of Power Electronics and Energy Control Systems, kchmielo@agh.edu.pl
autor
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Department of Power Electronics and Energy Control Systems, firlit@kaniup.agh.edu.pl
autor
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Department of Power Electronics and Energy Control Systems, boswiate@agh.edu.pl
Bibliografia
- [1.] 1st (2001), 2nd (2003), 3rd (2005), 4th (2008), 5th (2012) Benchmarking Reports on Quality of Electricity Supply. CEER Reports.
- [2.] EN 61000-4-15: Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4: Testing and measurement techniques – Section 15: Flickermeter – Functional and design specifications.
- [3.] EN 61000-4-7: Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 4: Testing and measurement techniques Section 7: General guide on harmonics and interharmonics measurements and instrumentation, for power supply systems and equipment connected thereto.
- [4.] Balawender P., Chmielowiec K., Firlit A., Piątek K. Szkoda R., Ziętek M.: Comparative measurements of power quality recorders - voltage fluctuations (in Polish), 5th National Conference on Power Quality and Energy Efficiency in Polish Power System, Polskie Towarzystwo Przesyłu i Rozdziału Energii Elektrycznej (2012).
- [5.] Chmielowiec K., Ziętek M., Piątek K., Firlit A., Szkoda R., Balawender P.: Comparative tests of power quality analyzers - harmonic distortion, 15th IEEE International Conference on Harmonic and Quality of Power, 17–20 June 2011, Hong Kong.
- [6.] Szlosek M., Piekarz M., Hanzelka Z., Bień A. etc.: Comparative tests of flickermeters, CIRED, 17th international conference and exhibition on Electricity distribution, Barcelona, 12 – 15 May 2003.
- [7.] Chang G. W., Chen C. I, Teng Y. F.: An application of radial basis function neural network for harmonics detection, 978-1- 4244-1770-4/08,2008 IEEE.
- [8.] Chen C., Liu X, Koval D.,, Xu W., Tayjasanant T.: Critical impedance method - a new detecting harmonic sources method in distribution systems, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 19 (2004), No. 1.
- [9.] Cristaldi L., Ferrero A.: Harmonic power flow analysis for the measurement of the electric power quality, IEEE Tran. Instrum. Meas, 44 (1995), No. 6, 683-685.
- [10.] Emanuel A. E.: On the assessment of harmonic pollution, IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, 10 (1995), No. 3.
- [11.] Li C., Xu W., Tayjasanant T.: A critical impedance based method for identifying harmonic sources, IEEE Transaction on Power Delivery, 19 (2004), No. 1.
- [12.] Pfajfar T., Blaźić B., Papić I.: Methods for estimating customer voltage harmonic emission levels, 978-1-4244-1 770-4/08 IEEE.
- [13.] Review of methods for measurement and evaluation of the harmonic emission level from an individual distorting load, CIGRE 36.05/CIRED 2 Joint WG CCO2, 1998.
- [14.] Tayjasanant, T., Li C., Xu W.: A resistance sign-based method for voltage sag source detection, IEEE Transaction on Power Delivery, 20 (2005), No. 4,. 2554-2551.
- [15.] Technical specification, 1133A Power SentinelTM, Arbiter Systems.
- [16.] Tsukamoto M., Kouda I., Natsuda Y., Minowa Y., Nishimura S.: Advanced method to identify harmonics characteristic between utility grid and harmonic current sources, 8th ICHQP, Athens, Greece, Oct. 14-16, 1998.
- [17.] Wilkosz K.: A generalized approach to localization of sources of harmonics in a power system, 13th ICHQP, Australia, 2008.
- [18.] Hanzelka Z., Słupski P. Piatek K. etc. Single-point methods for location of distortion, unbalance, voltage fluctuation and dips sources in a power system, INTECH, Power Quality – modelling, analysis and enhancement, 2001, 157-198.
- [19.] Pyzalski T.: Localization of harmonic sources in a power system, Ph.D. dissertation, Wroclaw University of Technology, 2006.
- [20.] Xu W., Liu Y.: A method for determining customer and utility harmonic contributions at the point of common coupling, IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, 15 (2000), No. 2.
- [21.] Xu W., Liu X., Liu Y.: An investigation on the validity of power direction method for harmonic source determination, IEEE Trans. Power Delivery, 18 (2003), No. 1, 2003, 214-219.
- [22.] Dán A.M.: Identification of flicker sources, 8th ICHQP ’98, Athens, Greece, Oct. 14-16, 1998.
- [23.] De Jaeger E.: Measurement of flicker transfer coefficient from HV to MV and LV systems. UIEPQ-9630.
- [24.] De Jaeger E.: Measurement and evaluation of the flicker emission level from a particular fluctuating load, CIGRE/CIRED Joint Task Force C4.109, Oct. 2007.
- [25.] De Jaeger E.: Disturbances emission levels assessment techniques (CIGRE/CIRED Joint Working Group C4-109).
- [26.] Sakulin M.: Flicker measurement - theory and practice. SONT '95 Croatia.
- [27.] Sakulin M., Renner H., Bergeron R., Hey T., Nastasi D.: International recommendation for universal use of the UIE/IEC flickermeter. UIE/BNCE Birmingham 1996.
- [28.] Sakulin M.: Flickermeßtechnik. International Conference on Quality of Power and Standardization, June 4-7, 1996, Lohusalli, Estonia.
- [29.] Stade D. etc.: Simultaneous measurements for analysing the flicker dissipation in meshed HV power systems, 8th ICHQP, Athens, Greece, Oct. 14-16, 1998.
- [30.] IEEE guide for protective relay applications to transmission lines, IEEE Std. C37.113, 1999.
- [31.] Khosrayi A., Melendez J., Colomer J.: A hybrid method for sag source location in power network, 9th International Conference, Electrical Power Quality and Utilization, Barcelona, 9-lI, October 2007.
- [32.] Li, C., Tayjasanant, T., Xu W., Liu X.: A method for voltage sag source detection by investigating slope of the system trajectory, IEEE Proceedings on Generation, Transmission & Distribution, 150 (2003), No. 3, 367-372.
- [33.] Nunez V.B., Moliner X.B., Frigola J.M., Jaramillo S.H., Sanchez J., Castro M.: Two methods for voltage sag source location. 13th ICHQP 2008, Australia.
- [34.] Parsons A. C., Grady W.M., Powers E.J., Soward J.C.: A direction finder for power quality disturbances based upon disturbance power and energy, IEEE Trans. Power Delivery, 15 (2000), No. 3, 1081-1086.
- [35.] Prakash K. S., Malik O. P., Hope G. S. Amplitude comparator based algorithm for directional comparison protection of transmission lines, IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, 4 (1989), No. 4, 2032-2041.
- [36.] Pradhan A.K. , Routray A.: Applying distance relay for voltage sag source detection, IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, 20 (2005), 529-31.
- [37.] Pradhan A.K, Routray A., Madhan S.: Fault direction estimation in radial distribution system using phase change in sequence current, IEEE Tran. on Power Delivery, 22 (2007), 2065-2071.
- [38.] The 12th ICHQP Tutorial, Portugal, October 1, 2006.
- [39.] IEC 61000-3-6: Assessment of emission limits for the connection of distorting instillations to MV, HV and EHV power systems.
- [40.] Firlit A.: Continuous monitoring of electric energy quality (in Polish), Wiadomości Elektrotechniczne, 80 (2012), No. 2, 6- 9.
- [41.] IEC 61000-3-7: Assessment of emission limits for the connection of fluctuating installations to MV, HV and EHV power systems.
- [42.] IEC 61000-3-13: Assessment of emission limits for the connection of unbalanced installations to MV, HV and EHV power systems.
- [43.] Warecki J., Hanzelka Z.: Negative-sequence active power stream as an index of unbalance source, Conference EPQU, Lisbon 2011.
- [44.] Madtharad, C.; Premrudeepreechacharn, S.; Watson, N. R.; Saeng-Udom, R.: An optimal measurement placement method for power system harmonic state estimation; IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, 20 (2005), 1514-1521.
- [45.] Muscas, C.; Pilo, F.; Pisano, G.; Sulis, S.: Optimal Allocation of Multichannel Measurement Devices for Distribution State Estimation; IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 58 (2009), 1929-1937.
- [46.] Muscas, C.; Pilo, F.; Pisano, G.; Sulis, S.: Optimal Placement of Measurement Devices in Electric Distribution Systems; Proc. IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conf. IMTC 2006, 2006, 1873-1878.
- [47.] EN 50 160 Voltage characteristics of electricity supplied by public electricity networks.
- [48.] IEEE Std. C37.111, IEEE Standard Common Format for Transient Data Exchange (COMTRADE) for Power Systems.
- [49.] Hanzelka Z., Błajszczak G.: Financial discounts for depreciation of voltage quality – an idea of solution in tariffs (in Polish) Rynek Energii, 4 (2011), 76–82.
- [50.] Bertazzi A., Fumagalli E., Lo Schiavo L.: The use of customer outage cost surveys in policy decision-making: Italian experience in regulating quality of elasticity supply, 18th CIRED, International Conference on Electricity Distribution, Turin, Italy, June 2005.
- [51.] Hofmann M., Seljeseth H., Volden G.H., Kjolle G.H.: Study on estimation of costs due to electricity interruption and voltage disturbances, SINTEF, December 2010, www.sintef.no.
- [52.] Samdal K., Kjolle G., Singh B., Trengereid F.: Customers” interruption costs: what is the problem? 17th CIRED, International Conference on Electricity Distribution, Barcelona, Spain, June 2003;
- [53.] Economic framework for power quality, CIGRE/CIRED Joint Working Group C4.107, June 2011.
- [54.] European Power Quality Survey, 2004, LPQI .
- [55.] Survey about the power quality related problems in Portugal, University of Coimbra – Portugal 2001.
- [56.] The cost of power disturbances to industrial & digital economy companies, CEIDS 2001.
- [57.] Wagner J.P.: The cost of power quality in the ITE industry, Proceedings of 2nd International Conf. on Power Quality - PQA ‘92, Atlanta, Georgia, Sep. 28-30, 1992.
- [58.] Caramia P., Carpinelli G., Verde P.: Power quality indices in liberalized markets, Wiley, 2009.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikatory
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-42fd84ec-1a90-42b9-b79c-14d5d6136170