Can green areas be a noise barrier in cities? Analysis of Centralny Park in Olsztyn in terms of noise impact and soundscape modeling

• Autorzy: Jaszczak, Agnieszka , Pochodyła-Ducka, Ewelina , Dreksler, Beata

Warianty tytułu

PL

Czy tereny zieleni mogą stanowić barierę ograniczającą hałas w miastach? Analiza Parku Centralnego w Olsztynie pod kątem oddziaływania na hałas i modelowania krajobrazu dźwiękowego

• Języki publikacji: EN PL

Abstrakty

EN

In the contemporary world, where globalization and industrialization are progressing, there are no large cities that do not generate noise. Noise is usually connected with industrial areas, airports, circulation spaces or city centres. However, it is increasingly felt in places that have previously been associated with peace and quiet, such as suburban housing estates, recreational areas, urban forests, and parks. Noise penetrates public space, robbing this landscape of silence, pleasant sounds or positive sounds. The negative impact of noise on the life processes of humans and animals is worrying. Sound quality should be treated as an element of landscape quality, therefore it should be considered in planning processes or urban space development projects. The aim of this paper is to present an analysis of the soundscape in city space and of the level of noise in Centralny Park in Olsztyn, Poland. Guidelines were also drawn up for the proper management of park space in terms of reducing noise impact, and a model (recommendation) for analysed areas was formulated. The study consisted of: - measurements of sound pressure levels (SPL) at selected points in two periods, - interviews with park users and the preparation of a mental map, - preparing a design scheme for a redesign of the park. The results confirmed the difference between SPL in the leafless and leafy period. They also showed a clear relationship between the perception of sounds and well-being in the park.

PL

We współczesnym świecie, w którym postępuje globalizacja i industrializacja, nie znajdziemy dużego miasta, które nie generowałoby hałasu. Hałas jest najczęściej związany z terenami przemysłowymi, lotniskami, przestrzeniami komunikacyjnymi czy centrami miast. Coraz częściej jest jednak odczuwalny w miejscach, które do tej pory kojarzyły się z ciszą i spokojem, takich jak osiedla podmiejskie, tereny rekreacyjne, miejskie lasy i parki. Hałas przenika przestrzeń publiczną, ograbiając ten pejzaż z ciszy, przyjemnych, pozytywnych dźwięków. Niepokojący jest negatywny wpływ hałasu na procesy życiowe ludzi i zwierząt. Jakość dźwięku należy traktować jako element jakości krajobrazu, dlatego należy ją uwzględniać w procesach planistycznych czy projektach zagospodarowania przestrzeni miejskiej. Celem artykułu jest analiza zjawiska pejzażu dźwiękowego w przestrzeni miejskiej oraz analiza poziomu hałasu w parku Centralnym w Olsztynie (Polska). Opracowano również wytyczne właściwego gospodarowania przestrzenią parkową pod kątem ograniczenia oddziaływania hałasu oraz wykonano model (rekomendację) dla analizowanego terenu. Badania obejmowały: - pomiary poziomu ciśnienia akustycznego (SPL) w wybranych punktach w dwóch okresach, - wywiad z użytkownikami parku i przygotowanie mapy mentalnej, - opracowanie wytycznych i schematu przeprojektowania parku. Wyniki potwierdzają różnicę między SPL w okresach bezlistnym i ulistnionym, pokazują również wyraźny związek między percepcją dźwięków a samopoczuciem użytkowników parku.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

pomiar hałasu; przestrzeń publiczna; park miejski; infrastruktura zielona; krajobraz dźwiękowy; akustyka miasta

EN

noise measurements; public space; soundscape; city park; city acoustic; green infrastructure

• Czasopismo: Teka Komisji Urbanistyki i Architektury Oddział PAN w Krakowie
• Rocznik: 2023
• Tom: T. 51
• Strony: 83--100
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 49 poz., mapy, rys., tab., wykr., zdj.

Twórcy

autor

Jaszczak, Agnieszka

• University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Landscape Architecture ,
• Bioeconomy Research Institute, Kaunas, Lithuania Vytautas Magnus University, Lithuania

autor

Pochodyła-Ducka, Ewelina

• University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Landscape Architecture,

autor

Dreksler, Beata

• American University of Beirut, Lebanon, Department of Landscape Design and Ecosystem Management,

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Identyfikatory

DOI

10.24425/tkuia.2023.148971