N-Nitrozodietyloamina. Dokumentacja proponowanych wartości dopuszczalnych wielkości narażenia zawodowego

• Autorzy: Szymańska, Jadwiga , Frydrych, Barbara , Bruchajzer, Elżbieta

Warianty tytułu

EN

N-Nitrosodiethylamine Documentation of proposed values of occupational exposure limits (OELs)

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

N-Nitrozodietyloamina (NDEA) jest żółtą, oleistą cieczą, wrażliwą na światło. Do źródeł narażenia na nitrozoaminy (w tym NDEA) zaliczamy: tytoń, wyroby gumowe, kosmetyki, pestycydy i niektóre farmaceutyki. Najwyższe poziomy narażenia zawodowego na nitrozoaminy dotyczą przemysłu gumowego. W Polsce w 2021 r. liczba osób narażonych zawodowo na N-nitrozodietyloaminę wynosiła 49 (w 6 zakładach pracy). Działanie mutagenne i genotoksyczne N-nitrozodietyloaminy obserwowano zarówno w warunkach in vitro, jak i in vivo. Nie znaleziono danych na temat wchłaniania i dystrybucji N-nitrozodietyloaminy. Brak jest informacji na temat zatruć ludzi oraz danych epidemiologicznych dotyczących jedynie N-nitrozodietyloaminy. N-Nitrozodietyloaminę można zaklasyfikować (ze względu na toksyczność ostrą) do kategorii 3 na podstawie zasad CLP. W badaniach krótkoterminowych N-nitrozodietyloamina wywierała działanie hepatotoksyczne. Po wielokrotnym podaniu zwierzętom N-nitrozodietyloaminy zanotowano zmiany nowotworowe. W opinii IARC (1987) N-nitrozodietyloamina była rakotwórcza dla wszystkich testowanych zwierząt. Na tej podstawie IARC sklasyfikowała ten związek jako prawdopodobnie rakotwórczy dla ludzi (grupa 2A). W Polsce do tej pory nie ustalono wartości NDS i/lub NDSCh dla N-nitrozodietyloaminy. Przygotowane opracowanie zostało wykonane zgodnie z proponowaną przez Komisję Europejską listą substancji zalecanych do naukowego opracowania i/lub weryfikacji normatywów higienicznych w ramach regulacji polityki bezpieczeństwa i higieny pracy (OSH). Proponuje się przyjąć dla N-nitrozodietyloaminy za wartość NDS stężenie 0,0007 mg/m3 (0,0002 ppm) i oznakowanie „Carc 1B” – działanie rakotwórcze kategorii zagrożenia 1B z przypisem „H350 – może powodować raka”. Brak jest podstaw do ustalenia wartości NDSCh oraz wartości dopuszczalnej w materiale biologicznym DSB. Zakres tematyczny artykułu obejmuje zagadnienia zdrowia oraz bezpieczeństwa i higieny środowiska pracy będące przedmiotem badań z zakresu nauk o zdrowiu oraz inżynierii środowiska.

EN

N-Nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) is a yellow, oily liquid sensitive to light. Sources of nitrosamines exposure (among others NDEA) include tobacco, rubber products, cosmetics, pesticides, and some pharmaceuticals. The highest levels of occupational exposure to nitrosamines are in the rubber industry. In 2021, 49 people were occupationally exposed to NDEA in Poland, in 6 workplaces. The mutagenic and genotoxic activity of N-nitrosodiethylamine has been confirmed in both in vitro and in vivo tests. No data on the absorption and distribution of NDEA were found. There is no information on human poisoning and no epidemiological data on N-nitrosodiethylamine alone. N-Nitrosodiethylamine can be classified for acute toxicity into category 3, according to CLP rules. In short-term studies, NDEA had hepatotoxic effects. Neoplastic lesions were noted after repeated administration to animals. In the opinion of IARC (1987), N-nitrosodiethylamine was carcinogenic to all animals tested. On this basis, IARC classified N-nitrosodiethylamine as group 2A (probably carcinogenic to humans). In Poland, to date, no MAC and/or STEL values have been established for N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA). The prepared study was carried out by the European Commission’s proposed list of substances recommended for the scientific development and/or revision of hygiene standards within the framework of occupational safety and health (OSH) policy regulations (European Commission 2022). It is proposed to adopt for N-nitrosodiethylamine a concentration of 0.0007 mg/m3 (0.0002 ppm) as the MAC value and to include the label “Carc 1B” – carcinogenicity category 1B with the footnote “H350 – may cause cancer”. There is no basis for determining the STEL and BEI values. This article discusses the problems of occupational safety and health, which are covered by health sciences and environmental engineering.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

N-Nitrozodietyloamina; NDEA; rakotwórczość; toksyczność; narażenie zawodowe; NDS

EN

N-nitrosodiethylamine; NDEA; carcinogenicity; toxicity; occupational exposure; MAC

• Czasopismo: Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy
• Rocznik: 2024
• Tom: Nr 3 (121)
• Strony: 5-51
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 193 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Szymańska, Jadwiga

• Uniwersytet Medyczny w Łodzi, Katedra i Zakład Toksykologii, ul. J. Muszyńskiego 1, 90-151 Łódź

autor

Frydrych, Barbara

• Uniwersytet Medyczny w Łodzi, Katedra i Zakład Toksykologii, ul. J. Muszyńskiego 1, 90-151 Łódź

autor

Bruchajzer, Elżbieta

• Uniwersytet Medyczny w Łodzi, Katedra i Zakład Toksykologii, ul. J. Muszyńskiego 1, 90-151 Łódź,

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Identyfikatory

DOI

10.54215/PiMOSP/1.121.2024