The Impact of Heavy Metals on the Quality of Drinking Water in Some Villages of the Shala of Bajgora Mountain Massif – Kosovo

• Autorzy: Kelmendi, Mensur , Mulliqi, Ismet , Kadriu, Sadija , Mehana, Yllka , Sinani, Berat
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Given that the Shala of Bajgora mountain massif geographically extends over a territory already known for its mineral wealth, where heavy metals predominantly dominate, the groundwater and surface waters that traverse this part of Kosovo’s territory are in the vast majority of cases seriously contaminated with these metals. As a result of this pollution, the inhabitants of these 33 villages of this mountain massif, to varying degrees, both in the past and today, continue to face significant health problems, as the water they consume for drinking is taken from wells and natural sources of these settlements. Knowing the role that water plays in the health of humans and other living beings, our study object focuses on researching, analyzing, evaluating, and interpreting the actual condition of the presence or absence of heavy metals in the waters of some villages of this mountain massif. To ascertain the real condition of the quality of these waters, we have designated several monitoring points - representative, from where we will gather the necessary information about the state of these waters. To be as objective as possible in the analysis of water samples, we have applied classic (volumetric) and instrumental methods of chemical analysis. The results obtained were compared with the reference values of the EU Directive and the Administrative Instruction of Kosovo. The analyses have shown the presence beyond reference values of Pb, Zn, Cd, and Ni in some of the sampling sites.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

water resources; pollution; heavy metals; mountain massif; Shala of Bajgora

• Czasopismo: Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology
• Rocznik: 2024
• Tom: Vol. 25, iss. 6
• Strony: 208--219
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 25 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Kelmendi, Mensur

• Faculty of Food Tehnology, University Isa Boletini of Mitrovica, Str. Ukshin Kovaçica, 40000, Kosovo,

autor

Mulliqi, Ismet

• Faculty of Food Tehnology, University Isa Boletini of Mitrovica, Str. Ukshin Kovaçica, 40000, Kosovo,

autor

Kadriu, Sadija

• Faculty of Food Tehnology, University Isa Boletini of Mitrovica, Str. Ukshin Kovaçica, 40000, Kosovo,

autor

Mehana, Yllka

• Faculty of Food Tehnology, University Isa Boletini of Mitrovica, Str. Ukshin Kovaçica, 40000, Kosovo

autor

Sinani, Berat

• Faculty of Food Tehnology, University Isa Boletini of Mitrovica, Str. Ukshin Kovaçica, 40000, Kosovo,

Bibliografia

• 1. APHA, AWWA, WEF. 2005. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 21st Edition. American Public Health Association/American Water Works Association/Water Environment Federation. Washington DC.
• 2. Araya M., Olivares M., Pizarro F., González M., Speisky H., Uauy R. 2003. Gastrointestinal symptoms and blood indicators of copper load in apparently healthy adults undergoing controlled copper exposure. Am J Clin Nutr. 77(3), 646–50. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/77.3.646
• 3. Beritić-Stahuljak D., Žuškin E., Valić F., Mustajbegović J. 1999. Kemijski čimbenici radne okoline. U: Anđa Raič. Medicina rada. Zagreb. Medicinska naklada. 43–69.
• 4. Chowdhury S., Jafar Mazumder M.A.J., Al-Attas O., Husain T. 2016. Heavy metals in drinking water: Occurrences, implications, and future needs in developing countries. Sci. Total Environ. 569–570, 476–488. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.166
• 5. Council Directive 75/440/EEC. 1979. Concerning the quality required of surface water intended for the abstraction of drinking water in the Member States.
• 6. EPA Method 3015A. 2007. Microwave Assisted Acid Digestion of Aqueous Samples and Extracts. Revision 1. United States Environmental Protection Agency. Washington, DC.
• 7. EPA Method 6020A (SW-846). 2007. Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry. Revision 1.
• 8. EU’s drinking water standards.1998. Council Directive 98/83/EC on the quality of water intended for human consumption, Adopted by the Council.
• 9. Fаn M.A, Steinberg E.V. 1996. Health Implications of Nitrate and Nitrite in Drinking Water: An Update on Methemoglobinemia Occurrence and Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 23(1), 35–43. https://doi.org/10.1006/rtph.1996.0006
• 10. Hadri A. 1979. Mitrovica dhe rrethina. Mitrovicë. 11–20.
• 11. ISO 5667-1. 2006. Water quality -Sampling - Part 1: Guidance on the design of sampling programmes and sampling techniques. Edition: 2.
• 12. ISO 5667-3. 2012. Water quality - Sampling - Part 3: Preservation and handling of water samples. Edition: 4.
• 13. ISO 5667-11. 2009. Water quality - Sampling - Part 11: Guidance on sampling of groundwaters. Edition: 2.
• 14. Kadriu S., Sadiku M., Kelmendi M., Sadriu E. 2020. Studying the heavy metals concentration in discharged water from the Trepça Mine and flotation, Kosovo. Mining of Mineral Deposits. 14(4), 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/mining14.04.047
• 15. Kadriu S., Sadiku M., Kelmendi M., Mehmetaj H. 2021. Investigation of the concentration of heavy metals in the drinking fountains of the mountain massif shale and bajgore in Kosovo. Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques, 9(2), 515–520. https://doi.org/10.47277/JETT/9(2)520
• 16. Kadriu S., Sadiku M., Kelmendi M., Ibishi D. 2020. Determining the drinking water quality in several rural settlements in Ferizaj municipality, Kosova. Bilimsel Madencilik Dergisi. 59(3), 207–217. https://doi.org/10.30797/madencilik.792404
• 17. Rajković M.B, Antić M, Milojković S, Marjanović T. 2014. Ispitivanje sadržaja nitrita, nitrata i amonijaka u vodi za piće. XIX savetovanje o biotehnologiji sa međunarodnim učešćem. Zbornik radova. Čačak. 19(21), 511–515.
• 18. Thomas M.A. 2000. The effect of residential development on ground-water quality near Detroit, Michigan. JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association. 36(5), 1023–1038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2000.tb05707.x
• 19. Udhëzimi Administrativ Nr.10/202. 2021. Për cilësinë e ujit të destinuar për konsum njerëzor. Qeveria e Republikës së Kosovës.
• 20. Valić F., Antonić K., Beritić-Stahuljak D.,Brumen V., Cigula M., Doko-Jelinić J. 2001. Zdravstvena ekologija. U: Anđa Raič. Zagreb. Medicinska naklada.
• 21. Verma A., Thakur B., Katiyar S., Singh D., Rai M. 2013. Evaluation of ground water quality in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh using remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS). International Journal of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering. 5(2), 67–76. https://doi.org/10.5897/ IJWREE11.142
• 22. World Health Organization. 2011. Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality. 4th edition. World Health Organization. Geneva.
• 23. World Health Organization. 2011. Lead in Drinking water. Background document for development of WHO Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality. World Health Organization. Geneva.
• 24. World Health Organization. 2011. Cadmium in Drinking water. Background document for development of WHO Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality. World Health Organization. Geneva.
• 25. Wogan G.N., Generoso W., Koller L.D., Smith R. P. 1995. Nitrate and Nitrite in Drinking Water. National Academic Press. Washington. https://doi.org/10.17226/9038

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.12912/27197050/187042