Ze studiów nad architekturą Rynku Głównego w Krakowie

• Autorzy: Kadłuczka, A.

Warianty tytułu

EN

Study about architecture of the main market in the middle ages in Cracow

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

EN

The above article regards the problem both interesting and unresolved - i.e. the Romanesque phase of the church of Our Lady in Cracow. In 1965 W Zin and W Grabski have discovered the relics of this phase in the crypt of Our Lady, amounting to the bases of pilasters - half columns - and the usable level originating from the 13th c. This allowed for the reconstruction of the perimeter and the modular division of the oldest church, which foundation is traditionally ascribed to Iwo Odrowąż. In the year 2000 the large monographic work was published by Ms Elżbieta Piwowarczyk under the title 'History of the church of Our Lady (13th-16th centuries)'. The author presents the hypothesis regarding the break in construction of the Romanesque temple following the destruction caused by the Tatar invasion in 1241 and the commencing of construction of the new aisled hall church in the first half of the 14th century. This hypothesis contradicts however the very fact so well documented by the Author herself - that is the continuous activities of the largest and most significant parish of the mediaeval Cracow. The author of the above article conducted the analysis of spatial transformations of numerous Romanesque churches into the Gothic ones taking place in the process of development of Polish architecture. He observed and documented the often occurring rule: that of construction of the new church outside the perimeter walls of the old one. The old church had to function independently during the long construction process. Such case was also discovered in the Seventies in Florence. Arnolfo di Cambio was erecting the new cathedral while the old church of St. Reparata was still used. Its walls are retained in the stratigraphy of the Santa Maria del Fiore cathedral reaching the 180 cm height. The article proposes the hypothesis of the similar situation in the case of Our Lady in Cracow. Its Romanesque walls are retained in the perimeter and bear no traces of accidental destruction. The walls of the new Gothic structure were therefore erected outside the Romanesque building which may explain the fact of the continuous using of the old church during the long construction process. The Romanesque church was most likely only partly destructed, not completely ruined, by the Tatars - as the homogenous strata of burnt ground in the 13th c. level proves.

• Czasopismo: Czasopismo Techniczne. Architektura
• Rocznik: 2003
• Tom: R. 100, z. 9-A
• Strony: 111--122
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. poz., il.

Twórcy

autor

Kadłuczka, A.

• Instytut Historii Architektury i Konserwacji Zabytków, Wydziału Architektury Politechniki Krakowskiej