Training-induced changes in morphological and motor parameters in female football players

• Autorzy: Lewandowski A. , Hrakowiak H. , Kozicka M. , Klimek W. , Piekorz Z.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Aim of Study. The aim of this study was to analyse morphological and motor changes in young elite female football players during preparatory phase of a yearly training cycle. We assumed that preparatory phase in football training causes a decrease in body fat mass, increase in body weight, particularly in muscle mass of lower limbs, as well as an improvement in motor skills, endurance and speed. Methods. The study included elite female football players from KKP MAX-Sprint Bydgoszcz team. Their basic morphological parameters, including body composition and physical performance expressed by outcomes of flexibility, static and explosive strength, speed and endurance EUROFIT battery tests, were documented at two time points: beginning and end of preparatory phase of a yearly training cycle. Data. The Shapiro-Wilk test (assessment of the distribution of variables), Student t-test (assessment of the significance of the dependent variables’ differences) and Mollison’s index (assessment of the scope of changes of the variables tested) were used. The threshold of statistical significance for all tests was set at 0.05. Results. Morphological changes were manifested mainly by an increase body weight (D = 0.78 kg, p = 0.012) including protein content (D = 0.15 kg, p = 0.005) and in body fluid volume (D = 0.33, p = 0.032) and fat-free mass, particularly in lower limbs (for the right leg D = 0.12 l, p = 0.003; for the left leg D = 0.10 l, p = 0.006). Motor changes were manifested by an improved speed agility (D = 2.79 s, p = 0.000), flexibility (D = 6.25 cm, p = 0.000), explosive strength (D = 8.67 cm, p = 0.001) and static strength (D = 3.00 kG, p = 0.016). Conclusions. A significant increase in muscle mass and speed suggests that football training exerts specific, desirable effects on morphological and motor characteristics in female players. Preparatory phase in football training does not result in unfavourable changes in morphological and motor characteristics in female players.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Trends in Sport Sciences
• Rocznik: 2019
• Tom: 26
• Numer: 2
• Opis fizyczny: p.77-84,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Lewandowski A.

• Department of Basic of Physical Culture, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland

autor

Hrakowiak H.

• Department of Basic of Physical Culture, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland

autor

Kozicka M.

• Department of Basic of Physical Culture, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland

autor

Klimek W.

• Department of Basic of Physical Culture, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland

autor

Piekorz Z.

• Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland

Bibliografia

• 1. Adam C, Klissouras V, Ravazzolo M, Renson R, Tuxworth W. Eurofit. Handbook for the Eurofit test of physical fitness. Committee for the Development of Sport. Rome: Imprimé en Italie; 1988.
• 2. Bendiksen M, Pettersen S, Ingebrigtsen J, Randers M, Brito J, Mohr M, Bangsbo J, Krustrup P. Application of the Copenhagen Soccer Test in high-level women players – locomotor activities, physiological response and sprint performance. Hum Mov Sci. 2013; 32(6): 1430-1442.
• 3. Biernacki J, Szeklicki R. Rozkład podskórnej tkanki tłuszczowej a poziom sprawności motorycznej osób aktywnych ruchowo (Relationships of fat distribution and performance-related fitness among physically active men and women). In: Wachowski E, Pietrusik K, editors. Wychowanie Fizyczne i Sport w Badaniach Naukowych. Poznań: AWF; 1998. pp. 51-55.
• 4. Bratkowska-Gołaszewaka E, Bieranowska M. Somatic build and physical fitness of the first year female students at the University of Technology and Agriculture in Bydgoszcz. Scripta Periodica III. 2000; 2, 1(2): 518-523.
• 5. Chrostowski K. Sport and gender. Sport Wycz. 2005; 3(4): 61-66.
• 6. Čabrić M. Morphometric analyses of the muscles of weight-lifters. Med Sport. 2002; 18(9): 397-402.
• 7. Čabrić M, Krakowiak H, Janczak R. The relationship between body constitution and body composition in young women. Fizjot Pol. 2002; 2(1): 1-5.
• 8. Čabrić M, Krakowiak H, Krakowiak A. Traits of body musculature in students of medicine and physical education. Med Biol Sci. 2010; 24(1): 19-24.
• 9. Čabrić M, Krakowiak H, Sokołowska E, Janczak R. The studies of correlation between some morphological features and physical fitness in women of different age. Scripta Periodica III. 2000; 2, 1(2): 541-546.
• 10. Grund A, Krause H, Kraus M, Siewers M, Rieckert H, Möller MJ. Association between different attributes of physical activity and fat mass in untrained, enduranceand resistance-trained men. Eur J Appl Phys. 2001; 84: 310-320.
• 11. Helgerud J, Engen LC, Wisloff U, Hoff J. Aerobic endurance training improves soccer performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2001; 33: 1925-1931.
• 12. Janiak J, Krawczyk B. Relationships between force and total or lean body mass in highly experienced combat athletes. Biol Sport. 1995; 12(8): 107-111.
• 13. Lewandowski A, Kowalik T, Śmiglewska M, Sarwińska J, Klawe J, Zalewski P. Fitness skills of university students – as exemplified by tourism and recreation and physiotherapy students. Med Biol Sci. 2012; 26(3): 81-85.
• 14. Lewandowski A, Krakowiak H. Some physical efficiency components supporting health of young women finishing physiotherapy studies. Med Biol Sci. 2006; 20(3): 31-35.
• 15. Lewandowski A, Krakowiak H, Sokołowska E, Grucza R. Morphological changes in young female rowers in the course of physical training. Med Biol Sci. 2007; 21: 51-54.
• 16. Lewandowski A, Siedlaczek A, Siedlaczek M, Grucza R. Changes in the physical fitness of volleyball players. Med Biol Sci. 2012; 26(4): 85-89.
• 17. Luke J, Connolly L, Scott S, Mohr M, Ermidis G, Julian R, Bangsbo J, Jackman S, Bowtell J, Davies R, Hopkins S, Seymour R, Knapp K, Krustrup P, Fulford J. Effects of small-volume soccer and vibration training on body composition, aerobic fitness, and muscular PCr kinetics for inactive women aged 20-45. J Sport Health Sci. 2014; 3(4): 284-292.
• 18. Martínez-Lagunas V, Niessen M, Hartmann U. Women’s football: Player characteristics and demands of the game. J Sport Health Sci. 2014; 3(4): 258-272.
• 19. Momola I. Morphological features and motor skills of girls practicing speed skating as well as volleyball and basketball. Fizjoterapia. 2010; 18(2): 56-62.
• 20. Mroczkowska H. Task and ego motivation, evaluation of own possibilities and chances of success of males. Phys Edu Sport. 2001; 3: 289-308.
• 21. Mroczkowska H. The feminine auto perception of sporting competences and aspirations achievements. Pol J Sport Tourism. 2009; 16: 229-238.
• 22. Pacut A. A sense of gender identity in women cultivating various sport branches. Sport Wycz. 2006, 3(4): 35-39.
• 23. Reilly T, Bangsbo J, Franks A. Anthropometric and physiological predispositions for elite soccer. J Sport Sci. 2000; 18: 669-683.
• 24. Rutkowska K. The control feeling in the context of other traits of female athlets’ personalities. Sport Wycz. 2010; 2: 87-94.
• 25. Sas-Nowosielski K. Drowning Antigone – Women sports as a factor leading to pathological perception of one’s owen body. Sport Wycz. 2000; 3-4: 121-125.
• 26. Shen W, St-Onge M, Wang Z, Heymsfield SB. Study of Body Composition: An Overview. In: Heymsfield SB, Lohman TG, Wang Z, Going SB, editors. Human Body Composition. 2nd edition. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics; 2005. pp. 3-14.
• 27. Soroka A, Bergier J. Sense of gender identity in women practicing football with consideration of the formation. Sexual identity of female football players. Pol J Sport Tourism. 2011; 18(1): 45-58.
• 28. Stech M, Smulski V, Skrobecki J, Wnorowski K. Somatic Composition vs. Sport Level of Female Volleyball Players in Teams of Various Classes. WSWF Gdańsk; Rocz Nauk. 2009; 19: 19-22.
• 29. Stølen T, Chamari K, Castagna C, Wisløff U. Physiology of soccer: an update. Sports Med. 2005; 35(6): 501-536.
• 30. Urhausen A, Kindermann W. Diagnosis of overtraining. What tools do we have? Sports Med. 2002; 32(2): 95-100.
• 31. Zasada M, Bilewicz Z, Lewandowski A. Motoric fitness of physiotherapy woman students atl. Rydygier’s Medical University in Bydgoszcz. Motoric fitness of physiotherapy woman students atl. Rydygier’s Medical University in Bydgoszcz. Med Biol Sci. 2005; 19(1): 97-101.
• 32. Zasada M, Sarwińska J, Lewandowski A. Components of physical adroitness supporting health of physiotherapy woman students atl. Rydygier’s Medical University Bydgoszcz. Annales Academiae Medicae Bydgostiensis, 2004; 18(4): 157-162.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.23829/TSS.2019.26.2-6