Genetic similarity amongst phenotypically diverse little free-tailed bats, Chaerephon pumilus

• Autorzy: Jacobs D.S. , Eick G. N. , Richardson E. J. , Taylor P. J.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The African molossid Chaerephon pumilus shows extensive variation in colour, size and echolocation across its wide distributional range with a light-winged form in north-eastern Africa and a dark form in southern Africa. There is also much variation in supposedly diagnostic characters (e.g., degree of palatial emargination) amongst the dark form of this species in southern Africa. These differences suggest that there may be cryptic species within C. pumilus. We used phylogenetic and phenetic analyses of sequence data from the mitochondrial cytochrome-b gene of a number of C. pumilus individuals to investigate the status of the light and dark-winged forms of this species and to evaluate the possibility of cryptic species within the dark-winged form of C. pumilus in southern Africa. We evaluated species status by comparing the level of sequence divergence amongst C. pumilus with the level of sequence divergence between known species in the genus. These included C. ansorgei, C. chapini, C. nigeriae and C. jobensis. Intrageneric sequence divergences among the Chaerephon spp. included here ranged from 6.51 to 11.18%, whereas the average sequence divergence between the light and dark forms was 0.9%. This suggests that these two forms are not distinct species. Individuals of the dark form of C. pumilus were genetically indistinguishable from each other having the same cytochrome b haplotype. We thus found no evidence of cryptic species in southern African C. pumilus.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Chiropterologica
• Rocznik: 2004
• Tom: 06
• Numer: 1
• Opis fizyczny: p.13-21,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Jacobs D.S.

• Department of Zoology, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa

autor

Eick G. N.

autor

Richardson E. J.

autor

Taylor P. J.

Bibliografia

• Aldridge, H. D. J. N., and I. L. Rautenbach. 1987. Morphology, echolocation and resource partitioning in insectivorous bats. Journal of Animal Ecology, 56: 763-778.
• Aspetsberger, F., D. Brandsen, and D. S. Jacobs. 2003. Geographical variation in the morphology, echolocation and diet of the little free-tailed bat, Chaerophon pumilus (Molossidae). African Zoology, 38: 245-254.
• Barratt, E. M., R. Deaville, T. M. Burland, M. W. Bruford, G Jones, P. A. Racey, and R. K. Wayne. 1997. DNA answers the call of pipistrelle bat species. Nature, 387: 138-139.
• Betts, B. J. 1998. Effects of interindividual variation in echolocation calls on identification of big brown and silver-haired bats. Journal of Wildlife Management, 62: 1003-1010.
• Bogdanowicz, W. 1990. Geographic variation and taxonomy of Daubenton’s bat, Myotis daubentoni, in Europe. Journal of Mammalogy, 71: 205-218.
• Bouchard, S. 1998. Chaerephon pumilus. Mammalian Species, 547: 1-6.
• Brack, V., Jr., and J. O. Whitaker, Jr. 2001. Foods of the northern myotis, Myotis septentrionalis, from Missouri and Indiana, with notes on foraging. Acta Chiropterologica, 3: 203-210.
• Bradley, R. D., and R. J. Baker. 2001. A test of the genetic species concept: cytochrome-b sequences and mammals. Journal of Mammalogy, 82: 960-973.
• Buchler, E. R. 1980. The development of flight, foraging, and echolocation in the little brown bat |(Myotis lucifugus). Behavioural Ecology and Sociobiology, 6: 211-218.
• Clark, F. L., and A. C. Smart. 1991. The diet of Tadarida (Chaerephon) pumila (Cretzschmar), Molossidae, at Lake Naivasha, Kenya. Journal of African Zoology, 105: 493-496.
• Ditchfield, A. D. 2000. The comparative phylogeography of Neotropical mammals: Patterns of intraspecific mitochondrial DNA variation among bats contrasted to nonvolant small mammals. Molecular Ecology, 9: 1307-1318.
• Felsenstein, J. 1985. Confidence limits on phylogenies: an approach using the bootstrap. Evolution, 39: 783-791.
• Harrison, D. L. 1958. A note on successive pregnancies in an African bat. Mammalia, 22: 592-595.
• Hayman, R. W., and J. E. Hill. 1971. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 1-73, in The mammals of Africa: an identification manual. Part 2 (J. Meester and H. W. Setzer, eds.). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C.
• Heller, K.-G., and O. von Helversen. 1989. Resource partitioning of sonar frequency bands in rhinolophoid bats. Oecologia, 80: 178-186.
• Irwin, D. M., T. D. Kocher, and A. C. Wilson. 1991. Evolution of the cytochrome b gene of mammals. Journal of Molecular Evolution, 32: 128-44.
• Jacobs, D. S. 1996. Morphological divergence in an insular bat, Lasiurus cinereus semotus. Functional Ecology, 10: 622-630.
• Jacobs, D. S. 1999a. Intraspecific variation in wingspan and echolocation call flexibility might explain the use of different habitats by the insectivorous bat, Miniopterus schreibersii (Vespertilionidae: Miniopterinae). Acta Chiropterologica, 1: 93-103.
• Jacobs, D. S. 1999b. The diet of the insectivorous Hawaiian hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus semotus) in an open and a cluttered habitat. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 77: 1603-1608.
• Jacobs, D. S., and M. B. Fenton. 2001. The status of Sauromys petrophilus and Chaerephon pumilus (Chiroptera: Molossidae) in the Western Cape province of South Africa. African Zoology, 36: 129-136.
• Johns, G. C., and J. C. Avise. 1998. A comparative summary of genetic distances in the vertebrates from the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 15: 1481-1490.
• Jones, G., and S. M. Van Parijs. 1993. Bimodal echolocation in pipistrelle bats: are cryptic species present? Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B, 251: 119-125.
• Jones, G., T. Gordon, and J. Nightingale. 1992. Sex and age variation in echolocation calls of the lesser horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus hipposideros. Mammalia, 56: 189-193.
• Kiefer, A., F. Mayer, J. Kosuch, O. von Helversen, and M. Veith. 2002. Conflicting molecular phylogenies of European long-eared bats (Plecotus) can be explained by cryptic diversity. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 25: 557-566.
• Kimura, M. 1980. A simple method for estimating evolutionary rate of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences. Journal of Molecular Evolution, 16: 111-120
• Kingdon, J. 1974. East African mammals: an atlas of evolution in Africa. Volume 2, Part A (In- sectivores and bats). Academic Press, London, 340 pp.
• Koopman, K. F. 1965. Status of forms described or recorded by J. A. Allen in the American Museum Congo Expedition Collection of bats. American Museum Noviates, 2219: 1-34
• Koopman, K. F. 1975. Bats of the Sudan. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 154: 353-443.
• Marshall, A. J., and P. S. Corbet. 1959. The breeding biology of equatorial vertebrates: reproduction of the bat Chaerephon hindei Thomas at latitude 0°26’N. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 132: 607-616.
• Mayer, F., and O. von Helversen. 2001a. Sympatric distribution of two cryptic bat species across Europe. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 74: 365-374.
• Mayer, F., and O. von Helversen. 2001b. Cryptic diversity in European bats. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B — Biological Sciences, 268: 1825-1832.
• McWilliam, A. N. 1988. Social organisation of the Bat Tadarida (Chaerephon) pumila (Chiroptera: Molossidae) in Ghana, West Africa. Ethology, 77: 115-124.
• Miller-Butterworth, C. M., D. S. Jacobs, and E. H. Harley. 2003. Strong population substructure is correlated with morphology and ecology in a migratory bat. Nature, 424: 187-191.
• Mucedda, M., A. Kiefer, E. Pidinchedda, and M. Veith. 2002. A new species of long-eared bat (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae) from Sardinia (Italy). Acta Chiropterologica, 4: 121-135.
• Obrist, M. K. 1995. Flexible bat echolocation: the influence of individual, habitat and conspecifics on sonar signal design. Behavioural Ecology and Sociobiology, 36: 207-219.
• Ruedi, M., and F. Mayer. 2001. Molecular systematics of the genus Myotis (Vespertilionidae) suggests deterministic ecomorphological convergences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 21:436-448.
• Sambrook, J., E. F. Fritsch, and T. Maniatis. 1989. Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, New York.
• Simmons, N. In press. Order Chiroptera. In Mammal species of the World: a taxonomic and geographic reference, 3rd edition (D. E. Wilson and D. M. Reeder, eds.).
• Skinner, J. D., and R. H. N. Smithers. 1990. The mammals of the southern African subregion. University of Pretoria, Pretoria, xxxii + 771 pp.
• Smart, A. C., and F. L. Clark. 1991. The emergence behaviour of Tadarida (Chaerephon) pumila (Cretzchmar), Molossidae, at Lake Naivasha, Kenya. Journal of African Zoology, 105: 497-501.
• Swofford, D. L. 2002. PAUP*: Phylogenetic analyses using parsimony (and other methods), version 4.10. Illinois Natural History Survey, Champaign, Illinois.
• Taylor, P. J. 1999. Problems with the identification of southern African Chaerephon (Molossidae), and the possibility of a cryptic species from South Africa and Swaziland. Acta Chiropterologica, 1: 191-200.
• Teeling, E. C., O. Madsen, R. A. Van Den Bussche, W. W. de Jong, M. J. Stanhope, and M. S. Springer. 2002. Microbat paraphyly and the convergent evolution of a key innovation in Old World rhinolophoid microbats. PNAS, 99: 1431-1436.
• Thompson, J. D., T. J. Gibson, F. Plewniak, F. Jeanmougin, and D. G. Higgins. 1997. The CLUSTAL X windows interface: Flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools. Nucleic Acids Research, 25: 4876-4882.
• von Helversen, O., K.-G. Heller, F. Mayer, and A. Nemeth. 2001. Cryptic mammalian species: a new species of whiskered bat (Myotis alcathoe n.sp.) in Europe. Naturwissenschaften, 88: 217-223.
• Whitaker, J. O. Jr., and R. E. Mumford. 1978. Food and ectoparasites of bats from Kenya, East Africa. Journal of Mammalogy, 59: 632-634.