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Four male and 8 female captive pine martens Martes americana (Turton, 1806) were observed for signs of mating. Behavioural changes associated with the breeding season began in mid-June. Subjective observation indicated that the frequency of abdominal scent marking and body contact between males and females increased from June through July and decreased during August. Aggression between females increased markedly during the breeding season. The animals emitted diverse vocalizations, including a throaty chuckle that was associated with breeding and that was indistinguishable by observers from a call emitted when females appeared to be consoling young kits. Copulation was observed on 4 occasions during July in one pair of martens, and was typical of that described for Martes species in general. Two individual copulatory acts were timed and lasted 5 and 14.5 min, respectively. The female appeared to control the timing and duration of copulation and seemed in one instance to actively solicit the attention of the male.
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Bibliografia
- Adams L. H. 1962. Mink raising. A. R. Harding Publishers, Columbus: 193-215.
- Ashbrook F. G. and Hanson K. B. 1930. The normal breeding season and gestation period of marten. United States Department of Agriculture Circular 107: 1-7.
- Belan I., Lehner P. and Clark T. 1978. Vocalizations of the American pine marten (Martes americana). Journal of Mammalogy 59: 871-874.
- Brassard J. A. and Bernard R. 1939. Observations on breeding and development of marten (Martes americana). Canadian Field Naturalist 53: 15-21.
- Cochrane R. L. 1991. Observations on reproduction in caged marten. [In: Abstracts of Presentations of Symposium on the Biology and Management of Marten and Fishers, 29 May-1 June 1991, Laramie].
- Hawley A. W. L., Grant J. D. and Rankin M. A. 1993. Environmental requirements of captive pine marten (Martes americana). [In: Abstracts of Presentation of International Union of Game Biologists XXI Congress, 15-20 August 1993, Halifax], Poster presentation. Henry S. E. and Raphael M. G. 1989. Observations of copulation of free-ranging American marten. Northwest Naturalist 70: 32-33.
- Lodé T. 1991. Conspecific recognition and mating in stone marten Martes foina. Acta Theriologica 36: 275-283.
- Mead R. A. 1994. Reproduction in Martes. [In: Marten, sables and fishers: biology and conservation. S. W. Buskirk, A. S. Harestad, M. G. Raphael and R. A. Powell, eds], Cornell University Press, Ithaca: 404-422.
- Markley M. H. and Bassett C. F. 1942. Habits of captive marten. American Middland Naturalist 28: 605-616.
- Strickland M. A. and Douglas C. W. 1987. Marten. [In: Wild furbearer management and conservation in North America. M. Novak, J. A. Baker, M. E. Obbard and B. Malloch, eds]. The Ontario Trappers Association, North Bay: 530-546. Strickland M. A., Douglas C. W., Novak M. and Hunzinger H. P. 1982. Marten. [In: Wild mammals of North America: biology, management, and economics. J. A. Chapman and G. A. Feldhammer, eds]. John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore: 599-612.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
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