Preparation of soil and sediment samples for determination of organometallic compounds

Dubiella-Jackowska, A; Wasik, A.; Przyjazny, A.; Namiesnik, J.

Nowa wersja platformy, zawierająca wyłącznie zasoby pełnotekstowe, jest już dostępna.
Przejdź na https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Artykuł - szczegóły

Czasopismo

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

2007 | 16 | 2 |

Tytuł artykułu

Preparation of soil and sediment samples for determination of organometallic compounds

Autorzy

Dubiella-Jackowska A , Wasik A. , Przyjazny A. , Namiesnik J.

Warianty tytułu

Języki publikacji

Abstrakty

Organometallic compounds are widely used in almost all sectors of industry. As a result of emissions from natural and anthropogenic sources they are released to the environment, where they undergo a variety of conversions and interactions. Some organometallic compounds exhibit high toxicity. Organometallic compounds of mercury, tin, lead, selenium and arsenic are among the most common and hazardous compounds. Based on literature dealing with the occurrence and methods of determination of selected organometallic compounds of mercury, tin, lead, selenium and arsenic, we describe their sources, uses and the mechanism of toxicity. Fundamental problems associated with speciation analysis are discussed and the basic steps of analytical procedure used for the determination of organometallic compounds of Hg, Sn, Pb, Se, and As in soil and bottom sediments, including sample collection, preservation, storage, extraction, separation and determination, are characterized.

Słowa kluczowe

mercury tin environment capillary electrophoresis lead arsenic speciation analysis sediment sample determination toxicity soil sample chromatography organometallic compound selenium hazard storage

Wydawca

Czasopismo

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

Rocznik

2007

Tom

Numer

Opis fizyczny

p.159-176,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Dubiella-Jackowska A

Gdansk University of Technology, G.Narutowicza 11/12, 80-952 Gdansk, Poland

autor

Wasik A.

autor

Przyjazny A.

autor

Namiesnik J.

Bibliografia

1. RADKE B., NAMIEŚNIK J., BOLAŁEK J. Pathways and determinations of organometallic compounds in the marine environment with a particular emphasis on organotin. Oceanol. Hydrobiol. Stud. 32, 43, 2003
2. Guidelines for terms related to chemical speciation and fractionation of elements. Definitions, structural aspects, and methodological approaches (IUPAC Recommendations 2000), Pure Appl. Chem. 72 (8), 1453, 2000
3. BOSZKE L., KOWALSKI A., GŁOSIŃSKA G., SIEPAK J. Analytical aspects of the determination of total mercury and various mercury species in environmental samples. Part I. Sampling, storage, enrichment and determination of total mercury [In Polish]. Ekologia i Technika 10 (5), 139, 2002
4. MC MURRY J. Chemia organiczna. WN PWN : Warszawa, 2000
5. WASIK A. Speciation analysis of organometallic compounds, in: “New horizons and challenges in environmental analysis and monitoring” [In Polish]. (Jacek Namieśnik, Wojciech Chrzanowski, Patrycja Szpinek, Eds.), Centre of Excellence in Environmental Analysis and Monitoring CEE AM, Chemical Faculty, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, 2004
6. JAROSZ M., MIRZYŃSKA B. Selected problems of speciation and environmental analysis of heavy metals [In Polish]. Chem. Inż. Ekol., 6 (1), 9, 1999
7. YIN X., FRECH W., HOFFMANN E., LÜDKE C., SKOLE J. Mercury speciation by coupling cold vapour atomic absorption spectrometry with flow injecton on line preconcentration and liquid chromatographic separation. Fresnius J. Anal. Chem. 361, 761, 1998
8. BIN H., GUIBIN J. Analysis of organomercuric species in soils from orchards and wheat fields by capillary gas chromatography on-line coupled with atomic absorption spectrometry after in situ hydride generation and headspace solid phase microextraction. Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. 365, 615, 1999
9. SALIH B. Speciation of inorganic and organolead compounds by gas chromatography- atomic absorption spectrometry and the determination of lead species after preconcentration onto diphenylthiocarbazone-anchored polymeric microbeads. Spectrochim. Acta B 55, 1117, 2000
10. HARINO H., FUKUSHIMA M, YAMAMOTO Y., KAWAI S., MIYAZAKI N. Contamination of butyltin and phenyltin compounds in the marine environment of Otsuchi Bay, Japan. Environ. Pollut. 101, 209, 1998
11. LEGAC M., LESPES G., POTIN-GAUTIER M. Rapid determination of organotin compounds by headspace solid-phase microextraction. J. Chromatogr. A 999, 123, 2003
12. PYRZYŃSKA K. Determination of selenium species in environmental samples. Mikrochim. Acta 40, 55, 2002
13. UDEN P. C., BOAKYE H. T., KAHAKACHCHI C., TYSON J. F. Selective detection and identification of Se containing compounds-review and recent developments. J. Chromatogr. A 1050, 85, 2004
14. PROHASKA T., PFEFFER M., TULIPAN M., STINGEDER G., MENTLER A., WENZEL W. W. Speciation of arsenic of liquid and gaseous emissions from soil in a microcosmos experiment by liquid and gas chromatography with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) detection. Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. 364, 467, 1999
15. DEMESMAY C., OLLÉ M. Application of microwave digestion to the preparation of sediment samples for arsenic speciation. Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. 357, 1116, 1997
16. NAMIEŚNIK J., ŁUKASIK J., JAMRÓGIEWICZ Z., Collection of environmental samples for analysis [In Polish]. WN PWN : Warszawa, 1995
17. BAXTER D. C., FRECH W. Speciation of lead in environmental and biological samples. Pure Appl. Chem. 67, 615, 1995
18. MESTER Z., STURGEON R., PAWLISZYN J. Solid phase microextraction as a tool for trace element speciation. Spectrochim. Acta B 56, 233, 2001
19. NAMIEŚNIK J. et al, Preparation of environmental samples for analysis [In Polish], WN T: Gdańsk, 2000
20. GOMEZ-ARIZA J.L., MORALES E., GIRALDEZ I., SANCHEZ-RODAS D., VELASCO A. Sample treatment in chromatography-based speciation of organometallic pollutants. J. Chromatogr. A 938, 211, 2001
21. YU X., PAWLISZYN J. Speciation of alkyllead and inorganic lead by derivatization with deuterium-labeled sodium tetraethylborate and SPME-GC-MS. Anal. Chem. 72, 1788, 2000
22. PEREIRO I. R., WASIK A., ŁOBIŃSKI R. Characterization of multicapillary gas chromatography- microwave-induced plasma atomic emission spectrometry for the expeditious analysis for organometallic compounds. Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. 363, 460, 1999
23. TSELENTIS B. S., MAROULAKOU M., LASCOURREGES J. F., SZPUNAR J., SMITH V., DONARD O. F. X. Organotins in sediments and biological tissues from Greek coastal areas: Preliminary results. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 2, 146, 1999
24. HARINO H., FUKUSHIMA M, KAWAI S. Temporal trends of organotin compounds in the aquatic environment of the Port of Osaka, Japan. Environ. Pollut. 105, 1, 1999
25. JACOBSEN J. A., ASMUND G. TBT in marine sediment and blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) from central-west Greenland. Sci. Total Environ. 245, 131, 2000
26. BOWLES K. C., TILTMAN M. D., APTE S. C., HALES L.T., KALMAN J. Determination of butyltins in environmental samples using sodium tetraethylborate derivatisation: characterization and minimization of interferences. Anal. Chim. Acta 509, 127, 2004
27. MILAN E., PAWLISZYN J. Determination of butyltin species in water and sediments by solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-flame ionization detection. J. Chromatogr. A. 873, 63, 2000
28. RUIZ-CHANCHO M. J., SABER., LOPEZ-SANCHEZ J.F., RUBIO R., THOMAS P. New Approaches to the Extraction of Arsenic Species from Soils. Microchim Acta. 151, 241, 2005
29. ODANAKA Y, TSUCHIYA N, MATANO O, GOTO S. Characterization of arsenic metabolites in rice plant treated with DSMA (disodium methanearsonate). J Agric. Food Chem. 33, 757, 1985
30. MARTIN I., LOPEZ-GONZALVEZ M. A., GOMEZ M., CAMARA C., PALACIOS M. A. Evaluation of high-performance liquid chromatography for the separation and determination of arsenic species by on-line high-performance liquid chromatographic-hydride generation-atomic absorption spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. B Biomed Appl. 666 (1), 101, 1995
31. GOMEZ-ARIZA J.L., POZAS J.A., GIRALDEZ I., MORALES E., Speciation of volatile forms of selenium and inorganic selenium in sediments by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. A 823, 259, 1998
32. OCHSENKÜHN-PETROPOULOU M., TSOPELAS F. Speciation analysis of selenium using voltammetric techniques. Anal. Chim. Acta 467, 167, 2002
33. ROULET M., GUIMARÂES J.-R. D., LUCOTTE M., Determination of organometallic forms of mercury, tin and lead by in situ derivatization, trapping and gas chromatographyatomic emission detection. Water, Air, Soil Pollut. 128, 41, 2001
34. TROMBINI C., FABBRI D., LAMBARDO M., VASSURA I., ZAVOLI E., HORVAT M., Mercury and methylmercury contamination in surficial sediments and clams of a coastal lagoon (Pialassa Baiona, Ravenna, Italy). Cont. Shelf Res. 23, 1821, 2003
35. TSENG C.M., DEDIEGO A., WASSERMAN J. C., AMOUROUX D., DONARDO. F. X. Potential interferences generated during mercury species determination using acid leaching, aqueous ethylation, cryogenic gas chromatography and atomic spectrometry detection techniques Chemosphere 39 (7), 1119, 1999
36. HORVAT M., LIANG L, BLOOM N. Comparison of distillation with other current isolation methods for the determination of methyl mercury compounds in low level environmental samples. Part 1: Sediments. Anal. Chim. Acta 281, 135, 1993
37. PEREIRO I. R., DÍAZA. C. Speciation of mercury, tin, and lead compounds by gas chromatography with microwaveinduced plasma and atomic-emission detection (GC–MIP–AED). Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 372, 74, 2002
38. MOTHES S., WENRICH R. Solid-phase microextraction and GC-MIP-AED for the speciation analysis of organomercury compounds. J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 22, 181, 1999
39. HE B., JIANG G. Analysis of organomercuric species in soils from orchards and wheat fields by capillary gas chromatography on-line coupled with atomic absorption spectrometry after in situ hydride generation and headspace solid phase microextraction. Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. 365, 615, 1999
40. MOENS L., DESMAELE T., DAMS R., BROECK P.V. D., SANDRA P. Sensitive, simultaneous determination of organomercury, -lead, and -tin compounds with headspace solid phase microextraction capillary gas chromatography combined with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 69, 1604, 1997
41. TU Q., JOHNSON W. Jr, BUCKLEY B., Mercury speciation analysis in soil samples by ion chromatography, post-column cold vapor generation and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 18, 696, 2003
42. KANNAN K., SMITH R. G., JR., LEE R. F., WINDOM H. L., HEITMULLER P. T., MACAULEY J. M., SUMMERS J. K. Distribution of Total Mercury and Methyl Mercury in Water, Sediment, and Fish from South Florida Estuaries. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 34, 109, 1998
43. RIOSEGADE S., TYSON J. F. Determination of inorganic mercury and total mercury in biological and environmental samples by flow injection-cold vapor-atomic absorption spectrometry using sodium borohydride as the sole reducing agent. Spectrochim. Acta B 58, 797, 2003
44. AGBENIN J. O. Lead in a Nigerian savanna soil under longterm cultivation. Sci. Total. Environ. 286, 1, 2002
45. ELSOKKARY I. H., AMERM. A., SHALABY E. Assessment of inorganic lead species and total organo-alkyllead in some Egyptian agricultural soils. A. Environ. Pollut. 87, 225, 1995
46. HINRICHS J., DELLWIG O., BRUMSACK H.-J. Lead in sediments and suspended particulate matter of the German Bight: natural versus anthropogenic origin. Appl. Geochem. 17, 621, 2002
47. PERRING L., BASIC-DVORZAK M. Determination of total tin in canned food using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 374, 235, 2002
48. ARAMBARRI I., GARCIA R., MILLÁN E., Assessment of tin and butyltin species in estuarine superficial sediments from Gipuzkoa, Spain. Chemosphere 51, 643, 2003
49. ELLWOOD M. J., MAHER W. A. Measurement of arsenic species in marine sediments by high-performance liquid chromatography–inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Anal. Chim. Acta 477, 279, 2003
50. MIRLEAN N., ANDRUS V. E., BAISCH P., GRIEP G., CASARTELLI M. R. Arsenic pollution in Patos Lagoon estuarine sediments, Brazil. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 46, 1480, 2003
51. PETERS G.M., MAHER W.A., KRIKOWA F., ROACH A.C., JESWANI H.K., BARFORD J.P., GOMES V.G., REIBLE D.D. Selenium in sediments, pore waters and benthic in fauna of Lake Macquarie, New South Wales, Australia. Mar. Environ. Res. 47, 491, 1999
52. CAI Y. Derivatization and vapor generation methods for trace element analysis and speciation. Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry, 19, 577, 2003
53. BOUYSSIERE B., SZPUNAR J., LOBINSKI R. Gas chromatography with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric detection in speciation analysis. Spectrochim. Acta B 57, 805, 2002
54. GRÜTER U. M., KRESIMON J., HIRNER A.V. A new HG/LTGC/IC P-MS multi-element speciation technique for real samples in different matrices. Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. 368, 67, 2000
55. SZPUNAR J., ŁOBIŃSKI R., Hyphenated Techniques in Speciation Analysis, RSC: Cambridge, 2004
56. LIU W., LEE H. K. Chemical modification of analytes in speciation analysis by capillary electrophoresis, liquid chromatography and gas chromatography. J. Chromatogr. A 834, 45, 1999
57. HOCH M. Organotin compounds in the environment-an overview. Appl. Geochem. 16, 719, 2001
58. MESTER Z., STURGEON R. E., Sampling and sample preparation for trace element speciation W: Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry XXXVII , Pawliszyn J., (Ed.), Elsevier Science, 2002
59. GŁÓD B., POBOŻY E., MARCZAK S., TROJANOWICZ M. Capillary electrophoresis as a tool for speciation analysis of heavy metals. Acta Chromatogr. 6, 1, 1996
60. CARPINTEIRO J., RODRÍGUEZ I., CELA R. Simultaneous determination of butyltin and phenyltin species in sediments using ultrasound-assisted leaching. Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. 370, 872, 2001
61. PARKINSOND.-R., BRUHEIM I., CHRIST I., PAWLISZYN J. Full automation of derivatization- solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography- mass spectrometry with a dual-arm sysyem for the determination of organometallic compounds in aqueous samples. J. Chromatogr. A 1025, 77, 2004
62. JITARU P., INFANTE H. G., ADAMS F. C. Simultaneous multi-elemental speciation analysis of organometallic compounds by solid-phase microextraction and multicapillary gas chromatography hyphenated to inductively coupled plasma-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 19, 867, 2004
63. PLZAK Z., POLANSKA M., SUCHANEK M. Identification and determination of butyltin compounds in water by ion trap gas chromatography-mass spectrometry after conversion to methyl or hydride derivatives. J. Chromatogr. A 699, 241, 1995
64. URIA J. E. S., SANZ-MEDEL A. Inorganic and methylmercury speciation in environmental samples. Talanta 47, 509, 1998
65. DIETZ C., MADRID Y., CÁMARA C. Mercury speciation using the capillary cold trap coupled with microwaveinduced plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 16, 1397, 2001
66. LEERMAKERS M., NGUYEN H. L., KURUNCZI S., VANNESTE B., GALLETTI S., BAEYENS W. Determination of methylmercury in environmental samples using static headspace gas chromatography and atomic fluorescence detection after aqueous phase ethylation. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 377, 327, 2003
67. GRINBERG P., CAMPOS R. C., MESTER Z., STURGEON R. E. A comparison of alkyl derivatization methods for speciation of mercury based on solid phase microextraction gas chromatography with furnace atomization plasma emission spectrometry detection. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 18, 902, 2003
68. JITARU P., ADAMS F. C. Speciation analysis of mercury by solid-phase microextraction and multicapollary gas chromatography hyphenated to inductively coupled plasma-timeof-flight-mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. A 1055, 197, 2004
69. FALTER R., HINTELMANN H., QUEVAUVILLER P. Conclusion of the workshop on “Sources of error in methylmercury determination during sample preparation, derivatization and detection. Chemosphere 39 (7), 1039, 1999
70. JAIN C. K., ALI I. Arsenic: Occurrence, toxicity and speciation techniques. Wat. Res. 34 (17), 4304, 2000
71. HIRNER A. V., GRÜTER U. M., KRESIMON J. Metal(loid)organic compounds in contaminated soil. Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. 368, 263, 2000
72. KRUPP E.M., GRÜMPIN G R., FURCHTBAR U.R.R., HIRNER A.V. Speciation of metals and metalloids in sediments with LTGC/ICP-MS. Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. 354, 546, 1996
73. HIRNER A. V., KRUPP E., SCHULZ F., KOZIOL M., HOFMEISTER W. Organometal(loid) species in geochemical exploration: preliminary qualitative results. J. Geochem. Explor. 64, 133, 1998
74. NIEDZIELSKI P., Selected hyphenated techniques in the determination of mercury species [In Polish], in: Conference materials of the Analytical Chemistry Committee of the Polish Academy of Sciences on “Analytical problems of determination of mercury and its species in environmental samples, Słubice 2003”, Adam Mickiewicz University at Poznań, Poznań, 2003
75. SZPUNAR J., MCSHEEHY S., POŁEĆ K., VACCHINA V., MOUNICOU S., RODRIGUEZ I., ŁOBIŃSKI R. Gas and liquid chromatography with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry detection for environmental speciation analysis- advances and limitations. Spectrochim. Acta B 55,779, 2000
76. DE SMAELE T., MOENS L., DAMS R., SANDRA P., Metal speciation by SPME -CGC-IC P-MS , In: Pawliszyn (J. Ed.), Applications of Solid-Phase Microextraction. Royal Society of Chemistry: Cambridge, 1999
77. EMTEBOR G H., BJÖRKLUND E., ÖDMAN F., KARLSSON L., MATHIASSON L., FRECH W., BAXTER D. C. Determination of methylmercury in sediments using Supercritical Fluid Extraction and Gas Chromatography coupled with Microwave-induced Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry. Analyst 121, 19, 1996
78. MOTHES S., WENNRICH R. Coupling of SPME and GCAED for the determination of organometallic compounds. Mikrochim. Acta 134, 91, 2000
79. REUTHER R., JAEGER L., ALLARD B. Determination of organometallic forms of mercury, tin and lead by in situ derivatization, trapping and gas chromatography- atomic emission detection. Anal. Chim. Acta 394, 259, 1999
80. TSENG C.M., DE DIEGO A., WASSERMAN J. C., AMOUROUX D., DONARDO. F. X. Potential interferences generated during mercury species determination using acid leaching, aqueous ethylation, cryogenic gas chromatography and atomic spectrometry detection techniques. Chemosphere 39 (7), 1119, 1999
81. WUILLOUD J. C. A., WUILLOUD R. G., VONDERHEIDE A. P., CARUSO J. A. Gas chromatography/plasma spectrometry—an important analytical tool for elemental speciation studies. Spectrochim. Acta B 59, 755, 2004
82. CARUSO J. A., KLAUE B., MICHALKE B., ROCKE D. M. Group assessment: elemental speciation. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 56, 32, 2003
83. GOMEZ-ARIZA J.L., MORALES E., GIRALDEZ I., SANCHEZ-RODAS D., VELASCO A. Sample treatment in chromatography-based speciation of organometallic pollutants. J. Chromatogr. A 938, 211, 2001
84. SLOTH J. J., LARSEN E. H., JULSHAMN K. Determination of organoarsenic species in marine samples using gradient elution cation exchange HPLC -IC P-MS . J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 18, 452, 2003
85. MAZZUCOTELLI A., RIVARO P. Determination of trace amounts of metallorganics in marine ecosystem by High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography Followed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometric Detection. Microchem. J. 51, 231, 1995
86. KUBÁŇ P., GUCHARDI R., HAUSER P. C. Trace-metal analysis with separation methods. Trends Anal. Chem. 24, 192, 2005
87. CARUSO J. A., MONTES -BAYON M. Elemental speciation studies- new directions for trace metal analysis. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 56, 148, 2003
88. Liquid chromatography [In Polish], M. Kamiński, Ed., Centre of Excellence in Environmental Analysis and Monitoring, Chemical Faculty, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, 2004
89. LAMBROPOULOU D.A., SAKKAS V.A., ALBANIS T.A. Headspace solid phase microextraction for the analysis of new antifouling agents Irgarol 1051 and Sea-Nine 211 in natural waters – Application of SPME for the determination of partition coefficients to humic acids. Anal. Chim. Acta 468, 171, 2002
90. WAIC. M., WANG S. Separation of metal chelates and organometallic compounds by SFC and SFE/GC. J. Biochem. Biophys. Methods 43, 273, 2000
91. VELA N. P., CARUSO J. A. Element selective detection for supercritical-fluid chromatography. J. Biochem. Biophys. Methods 43, 45, 2000
92. WAHLEN R., CATTERICK T. Simultaneous co-extraction of organometallic species of different elements by accelerated solvent extraction and analysis by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry coupled to liquid and gas chromatography. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 18, 211, 2004
93. WAHLEN R., WOLFF-BRICHE C. Comparison of GCICP-MS and HPLC -IC P-MS for species-specyfic isotope dilution analysis of tributyltin in sediment after accelerated solvent extraction. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 377, 140, 2003
94. BOSZKE L., KOWALSKI A., GŁOSIŃSKA G., SIEPAK J. Analytical aspects of the determination of total mercury and various mercury species in environmental samples. Part II. Determination of physicochemical species of mercury [In Polish]. Ekologia i Technika 10 (4), 106, 2002
95. Course materials “High performance liquid chromatography” [In Polish], Department of Analytical Chemistry, Chemical Faculty, Gdańsk University of Technology, 21-25.06.2004, Gdańsk
96. TIMERBAEV A. R. Element speciation analysis by capillary electrophoresis. Talanta 52, 573, 2000
97. TSENG C.M., DE DIEGO A., PINALY H., AMOUROUX D., DONARD O. F. X. Cryofocusing coupled to atomic absorption spectrometry for rapid and simple mercury speciation in environmental matrices. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 13, 755, 1998
98. ARMSTRONG H. E. L., CORNS W. T., STOCKWELL P. B., O’CONNORG., EBDON L., EVANS E. H. Comparison of AFS and ICP-MS detection coupled with gas chromatography for the determination of methylmercury in marine samples. Anal. Chim. Acta 390, 245, 1999
99. JONES R. D., WEST-THOMAS J., ATFSTROM C. Closed-Ampule Digestion Procedure for the Determination of Mercury in Soil and Tissue Using Cold Vapor Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 59, 29, 1997
100. PEREIRO I. R., WASIK A., ŁOBIŃSKI R. Characterization of multicapillary gas chromatography- microwaveinduced plasma atomic emission spectrometry for the expeditious analysis for organometallic compounds. J. Chromatogr. A 795, 359, 1998
101. CHEN S.-S., CHOU S.-S., HWANG D.-F. Determination of methylmercury in fish using focused microwave digestion following by Cu2+ addition, sodium tetrapropylborate derivatization, n-heptane extraction, and gas chromatography- mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. A 1024, 209, 2004
102. CENTINEO G., GONZÁLEZ E. B., SANZ-MEDEL A. Multielemental speciation analysis of organometallic compounds of mercury, lead and tin in natural water samples by headspacesolid phase microextraction followed by gas chromatographymass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. A 1034, 191, 2004
103. MUNOZ J., GALLEGO M., VALCARCEL M. Solid-phase extraction–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry using a fullerene sorbent for the determination of inorganic mercury(II), methylmercury(I) and ethylmercury(I) in surface waters at sub-ng/ml levels. J. Chromatogr. A 1055, 185, 2004
104. BOUYSSIERE B., ŁOBIŃSKI R., SZPUNAR J. Hyphenated techniques in environmental speciation analysis, in: “New horizons and challenges in environmental analysis and monitoring” [In Polish] (Jacek Namieśnik, Wojciech Chrzanowski, Patrycja Szpinek, Eds.), Centre of Excellence in Environmental Analysis and Monitoring CEEAM, Chemical Faculty, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, pp 162-184, 2003
105. GOMEZ-ARIZA J. L., GIRALDEZ I., MORALEZ E. Occurrence of organotin compounds in water, sediments and mollusca in estuarine systems in the southwest of Spain. Water, Air, Soil Pollut. 126, 253, 2001
106. MONTIGNY C., LESPES G., POTIN-GAUTIER M. Matrix effects and selectivity of the detector in the determination of butyl- and phenyltins by gas chromatography– flame photometric detection. J. Chromatogr. A 819, 221, 1998
107. SZPUNAR J., ŁOBINSKI R. Speciation in the environmental field – trends in Analytical Chemistry. Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. 363, 550, 1999

Typ dokumentu

Bibliografia

Identyfikatory

Identyfikator YADDA

bwmeta1.element.agro-article-682405dc-47e1-4ca6-b161-e67173e85ee7