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Oxyethylated alcohol ± surfactant C12E10 ± was tested under the conditions of the die-away test with activated sludge as inoculum. The residual surfactant and its biotransformation by-products: short-chained ethoxylates (SCE) and long-and short-chained poly(ethylene glycols) (PEG) were separated and determined using the indirect tensammetric technique. A high percentage of primary biodegradation (98.5%) and high concentration of SCE and PEG was found at the end of the experiment. There is a clear sequence of biotransformation: central fission ® fragmentation of the long-chained PEG into short-chained PEG. Generally, the same pathway was observed as in the case of oxyethylated alcohol biodegradation under the conditions of the continuous flow activated sludge test.
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p.429-433,fig.
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- Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
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Bibliografia
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- 4. Information of Association of the Industry Producing Chemicals for Textile, Leather and Surfactant Plant TEGEWA, Germany, 2001.
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- 8. SZYMANSKI A., WYRWAS B., SWIT Z., JAROSZYNSKI T., LUKASZEWSKI Z., Biodegradation of Fatty Alcohol Ethoxylates in the Continuous Flow Activated Sludge Test, Wat. Res., 34, 4101, 2000.
- 9. SZYMANSKI A., WYRWAS B., SZYMANOWSKA M., LUKASZEWSKI Z., Determination of Short-Chained Polyethylene Glycols) and Ethylene Glycol in Environmental Samples. Wat.Res. 35, 3599, 2001.
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- 11. SWISHER R.D., "Surfactant Biodegradation", Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York and Basel, 1987.
- 12. KRAVETZ L., CHUNG H., GUIN K.F., SHEBS W.T., SMITH L.S., Primary and ultimate biodegradation of an alcohol ethoxylate and a nonylphenol ethoxylate under average winter conditions in the United States. Tenside Deterg., 21,1, 1984.
- 13. PATTERSON S.J., SCOTT C.C. .TUCKER K.B.E.,. Nonionic Detergent Degradation. III. Initial Mechanism of the Degradation. J.Am.Oil Chem.Soc., 47, 37, 1970.
- 14. AHEL M., GIGER W., KOCH M., Behaviour of Alkylphenol Polyethoxylate Surfactants in the Aquatic Environment. I. Occurrence and Transformation in Sewage Treatment, Wat. Res., 28, 1131, 1994.
- 15. SCHOBERL P., KUNKEL E., ESPETER K., Vergleichende Untersuchungen liber den mikrobiellen Metabolismus eines Nonylphenol- und eines Oxoalcohol-Ethoxylates (Compara tive Studies of Microbal Metabolism of Nonylphenol- and Oxoalcohol Ethoxylates), Tenside Deterg., 18, 64, 1981.
- 16. WICKBOLD R., Zur Bestimmung nichtionischer Tenside in Fluss- und Abwasser (On the Determination of Non-Ionic Surfactants in River Water and Sewage). Tenside Deterg., 9, 173, 1972.
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- 18. OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals. OECD 301E Test: Ready Biodegradability: Modified OECD Screening Test, Paris, 1981.
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Bibliografia
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